Principality of Salm
{{Short description|French client state in Westphalia, 1802–1811}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox country
|native_name = {{native name|de|Fürstentum Salm}}
|conventional_long_name = Principality of Salm
|common_name = Salm
|era = Napoleonic Wars
|status = Client state
|status_text = Client of the First French Empire,
State of the Confederation of the Rhine
|empire = First French Empire
|government_type = Principality
|year_start = 1803
|year_end = 1811
|event_start = Created from Cty Anholt and Bp Münster
|date_start =
|event1 = Joined Confederation of the Rhine
|date_event1 =
1806
|event_end = Annexed by France
|date_end =
|event_post = Mediatised to Prussia
|date_post = 1815
|p1 = Bishopric of Münster
|flag_p1 = Flag of the Prince-Bishopric of Münster.svg
|p2 = County of Anholt
|flag_p2 = Wappen Anholt.svg
|border_p2 = no
|s1 = Lippe (department)
|flag_s1 = Flag of France.svg
|image_flag = Flag of Salm principalities (1798-1811).svg
|image_map = Rheinbund 1808, political map.png
|image_map_caption = Map of the Principality of Salm within the Confederation of the Rhine in 1808.
(South of Holland)
|capital = Bocholt
|footnotes =
}}
The second Principality of Salm (German: Fürstentum Salm) was a short-lived client state of Napoleonic France located in Westphalia.
History
The Principality of Salm was created in 1632 as a state of the Holy Roman Empire, and re-created in 1803 in order to compensate the princes of Salm-Kyrburg and Salm-Salm, who had lost their states to France in 1793–1795. The territory of the new principality was formally assigned by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803. The new territory was not near most of the old territories of the princes, but instead extended the County of Anholt, which had been a minor possession of the prince of Salm-Salm. Most of the area was taken from the dissolved Bishopric of Münster.
The Principality of Salm was ruled jointly by the princes of Salm-Kyrburg and Salm-Salm, Frederick IV, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg, and Constantine, Prince of Salm-Salm;{{Cite book |last=Bénévent) |first=Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord (prince de |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GpTu_637FEUC&dq=principality+of+salm&pg=PA161 |title=Memoirs of the Prince de Talleyrand |date=1891 |publisher=G.P. Putnam's sons |language=en}} each line had equal sovereign rights, but neither had a separate territory.{{Cite book |last=Burg |first=Martijn van der |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=loYmEAAAQBAJ&dq=principality+of+salm&pg=PA58 |title=Napoleonic Governance in the Netherlands and Northwest Germany: Conquest, Incorporation, and Integration |date=2021-03-29 |publisher=Springer Nature |isbn=978-3-030-66658-3 |language=en}} Salm became independent and joined the Confederation of the Rhine in 1806.{{Cite web |title=Fürstentum Salm - Flagge in Lexikon und Shop |url=https://www.flaggenlexikon.de/fdtsalm.htm |access-date=2024-08-29 |website=www.flaggenlexikon.de}} It was annexed by France in 1811. Its territory was given to Prussia by the Congress of Vienna in 1815; it became the westernmost part of the Prussian Province of Westphalia. The flag of Salm would be copied in 1871 by the newly created German Empire, who used the exact same flag.{{Cite web |title=Salm-Salm 1386-1811 (Germany) |url=https://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/de-ss_hi.html#1386 |access-date=2024-08-29 |website=www.crwflags.com}}{{Cite web |title=German Empire {{!}} Facts, History, Flag, & Map {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/German-Empire |access-date=2024-08-29 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}
Geography
The capital of Salm was Bocholt.{{Cite web |title=DNB, Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek |url=https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=nid=7762999-1 |access-date=2024-08-29 |website=portal.dnb.de}} Salm had an area of about 1,700 km2 and a population of about 59,000. It covered approximately the same area as the present-day District of Borken.
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.flaggenlexikon.de/fdtsalm.htm Principality of Salm], at flaggenlexikon.de (in German and in English)
{{Client states of the Great French War}}
{{States of the Confederation of the Rhine}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coord missing|North Rhine-Westphalia}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Salm}}
Category:Former countries in Europe
Category:Former principalities
Category:Principalities of the Holy Roman Empire
Category:States of the Confederation of the Rhine
Category:1802 establishments in Europe
Category:1811 disestablishments in Europe
Category:States and territories established in 1802
Category:Former states and territories of North Rhine-Westphalia