Project Independence

{{Short description|Initiative under the Nixon Administration}}

Project Independence was an initiative announced by U.S. President Richard Nixon on November 7, 1973,{{Cite web |last=Nixon |first=Richard |date=1973-11-07 |title=Address to the Nation About Policies To Deal With the Energy Shortages. |url=https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/address-the-nation-about-policies-deal-with-the-energy-shortages |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220418181812/https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/address-the-nation-about-policies-deal-with-the-energy-shortages |archive-date=2022-04-18 |access-date=2022-09-04 |website=The American Presidency Project}} in reaction to the OAPEC oil embargo and the resulting 1973 oil crisis. Recalling the Manhattan Project, he stated that the goal of Project Independence was to achieve energy self-sufficiency for the United States by 1980,{{cite book|title=Canada's energy crisis |url=https://archive.org/details/canadasenergycri0000laxe |url-access=registration |author=James Laxer |year=1975 |publisher=James Lorimer & Company |location=Toronto |isbn=0-88862-087-X |page=[https://archive.org/details/canadasenergycri0000laxe/page/41 41]}} through a national commitment to energy conservation and development of alternative sources of energy. {{cite book|title=World energy resources |author=Charles E. Brown |year=2002 |publisher=Springer |location=New York |isbn=3-540-42634-5 |page=227}} Nixon declared that American science, technology and industry could free America from its dependence on imported oil,{{cite web|title=Energy Timeline: from 1971 to 1980 |author=U.S. Department of Energy |url=http://www.energy.gov/about/timeline1971-1980.htm |accessdate=2012-03-01 |url-status=unfit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721035950/http://www.energy.gov/about/timeline1971-1980.htm |archivedate=July 21, 2011 }} and establish its energy independence.