Protosuchus

{{Short description|Extinct genus of reptiles}}

{{Distinguish|Postosuchus}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| fossil_range = Early Jurassic

| image = Protosuchus richardsoni AMNH 3024 cast.jpg

| image_upright = 1.15

| image_caption = A cast of Protosuchus richardsoni (AMNH 3024) in the American Museum of Natural History

| taxon = Protosuchus

| authority = Brown, 1934

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| subdivision = * P. richardsoni (Brown, 1933) (type)

• P. haughtoni (Busbey and Gow, 1984)
• P. micmac Sues et al. 1996

| synonyms = * Archaeosuchus Brown, 1933 (preoccupied)

• Baroqueosuchus Busbey and Gow, 1984
• Lesothosuchus Whetstone and Whybrow, 1983

}}

Protosuchus (from {{langx|el|protos}}, "first" and {{langx|el|souchos}}, "crocodile"){{cite book |last1=Colbert |first1=Edwin H. (Edwin Harris) |last2=Knight |first2=Charles Robert |title=The dinosaur book: the ruling reptiles and their relatives |date=1951 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |location=New York |page=153 |url=https://archive.org/details/bookruli00colb/page/152/mode/2up}} is an extinct genus of carnivorous crocodyliform from the Early Jurassic. It is among the earliest animals that resemble crocodilians. Protosuchus was about {{convert|1|m|ft}} in length and about {{convert|40|kg|lb}} in weight.

Image:Protosuchus BW.jpg

Image:Protosuchus richardsoni AMNH 3024 cast skull.jpg

Image:Protosuchus richardsoni AMNH 3024 cast pelvis.jpg

Image:Protosuchus.jpg

As an early crocodilian relative, its skull featured more crocodilian characteristics than its earlier ancestors; it had short jaws that broadened out at the base of the skull, providing a large surface to which its jaw muscles could attach. This increased the maximum gape of the animal's mouth and the force with which the jaws could be closed. The dentition of the animal also resembled modern crocodiles, including the teeth in the lower jaw that fitted into notches on either side of the upper jaw when the mouth was closed.{{cite book |editor=Palmer, D.|year=1999 |title= The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals|publisher= Marshall Editions|location=London|page= 99|isbn= 1-84028-152-9}} It also possessed a powerful tail which later developed into a propulsion mechanism through water in its descendants.

The body was covered and reinforced by osteoderms in a double row along the back and covering the bottom of the body and the entire tail. It was an unusual quadrupedal reptile whose legs were columnar, with the rear legs longer than the front legs. Its five toes were clawed and it is believed that they were good runners and good swimmers.{{Citation needed|date=November 2008}}