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Prunum

{{Short description|Genus of gastropods}}

{{Automatic taxobox

|image = Prunum fulminatum 001.jpg

|image_caption = Prunum fulminatum

|display_parents = 3

|taxon = Prunum

|authority = Herrmannsen, 1852

|synonyms_ref =

|synonyms =

  • Egouena Jousseaume, 1875
  • Leptegouana Woodring, 1928
  • Marginella (Prunum) H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
  • † Microspira Conrad, 1868
  • † Porcellanella Tryon, 1882 (invalid: junior homonym of Porcellanella White, 1852 [Crustacea].)

|type_species = Voluta prunum

|type_species_authority = Gmelin, 1791

}}

Prunum is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Pruninae of the family Marginellidae, the margin snails.{{WRMS species|160009|Prunum Herrmannsen, 1852||23 January 2011}}

The separation between the genera Prunum and Volvarina is not very precise. They form together a monophyletic clade. The differences between these two genera are based on differences in the morphology of the shell, the radula, the radular cartilage, the mantle and the internal anatomy.[https://books.google.com/books?id=pFlJjUfs6GgC&pg=PA159 Jeremy B.C. Jackson, Scott Lidgard, and Frank K. McKinney, Evolutionary patterns : growth, form and tempo in the fossil record, The University of Chicago Press, 2001] {{ISBN|0-226-38930-8}} A rather arbitrary criterion is currently used to distinguish between the two genera. The large species with a strong callus are placed in Prunum, the slender species with a thin callus in Volvarina, leaving in between many ambiguous species. To date (2010) there is no phylogenetic analysis behind the current generic placements

Species

Species within the genus Prunum include:

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;Species brought into synonymy :

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  • Prunum abbreviatum (C.B. Adams, 1850) : synonym of Volvarina lactea (Kiener, 1841)
  • Prunum adelum (Thiele, 1925) : synonym of Volvarina adela (Thiele, 1925)
  • Prunum aguayoi Ortea & Espinosa, 1996 : synonym of Prunum lipei (Clover, 1990)
  • Prunum agulhasensis Thiele, 1925 : synonym of Hydroginella agulhasensis (Thiele, 1925)
  • Prunum alabaster Reeve, 1865 : synonym of Volvarina rubella navicella Reeve, 1865
  • Prunum ameliensis (Tomlin 1917) : synonym of Volvarina ameliensis (Tomlin, 1917)
  • Prunum attenuatum (Reeve, 1865) : synonym of Volvarina attenuata (Reeve, 1865)
  • Prunum augusta (Thiele, 1925): synonym of Dentimargo augusta (Thiele, 1925)
  • Prunum avenacea (Deshayes, 1844): synonym of Prunum bellulum (Dall, 1890)
  • Prunum avenella (Dall, 1881):{{WRMS species|420150|Prunum avenella (Dall, 1881)||24 April 2010}} synonym of Volvarina avenella (Dall, 1881)
  • Prunum bahiensis [sic]: synonym of Prunum bahiense (Tomlin, 1917) (incorrect gender ending)
  • Prunum avenellum (Dall, 1881): synonym of Volvarina avenella (Dall, 1881)
  • Prunum batabanoensis Espinosa & Ortea, 2002:{{WRMS species|387805|Prunum Batabanoensis Espinosa & Ortea, 2002||24 April 2010}} synonym of Prunum batabanoense Espinosa & Ortea, 2002
  • Prunum bellum (Conrad, 1868):{{WRMS species|420151|Prunum bellum (Conrad, 1868)||24 April 2010}} synonym of Prunum avenacea (Deshayes, 1844)
  • Prunum caerulescens Lamarck, 1822 : synonym of Prunum prunum (Gmelin, 1791)
  • Prunum cahuitaensis Magaña, Espinosa & Ortea, 2003: synonym of Prunum cahuitaense Magaña, Espinosa & Ortea, 2003 (incorrect gender ending)
  • Prunum canasensis Espinosa, Moro & Ortea, 2011: synonym of Prunum canasense Espinosa, Moro & Ortea, 2011 (incorrect gender agreement of specific epithet)
  • Prunum canellum (Jousseaume, 1875): synonym of Prunum rostratum (Redfield, 1870)
  • Prunum cantharus Reeve, 1865 : synonym of Prunum capense (Krauss, 1848)
  • Prunum capensis (Krauss, 1848) : synonym of Prunum capense (Krauss, 1848)
  • Prunum carnum Storer, 1837 : synonym of Prunum carneum (Storer, 1837)
  • Prunum charbarensis (Melvill, 1897) : synonym of Volvarina charbarensis (Melvill, 1897)
  • Prunum colomborum Bozzetti, 1995 : synonym of Marginella colomborum (Bozzetti, 1995)
  • Prunum conchibellus Espinosa, Ortea & Moro, 2010 : synonym of Prunum conchibellum Espinosa, Ortea & Moro, 2010
  • Prunum crassilabrum (G.B. Sowerby I, 1846) : synonym of Prunum labrosum (Redfield, 1870)
  • Prunum deliciosum (Bavay in Dautzenberg, 1912) : synonym of Volvarina deliciosa (Bavay in Dautzenberg, 1913)
  • Prunum dinisioi T. Cossignani, 2006: synonym of Volvarina dinisioi (T. Cossignani, 2006) (original combination)
  • Prunum egmontensis [sic]: synonym of Prunum egmontense Espinosa & Ortea, 2015 (original spelling: incorrect gender agreement of specific epithet)
  • Prunum evax Li, 1930 : synonym of Prunum sapotilla (Hinds, 1844)
  • Prunum exile (Gmelin, 1791) : synonym of Volvarina exilis (Gmelin, 1791)
  • Prunum fortunatum (Clover & Macca, 1990): synonym of Volvarina fortunata Clover & Macca, 1990
  • Prunum fraterculus E.A. Smith, 1915 : synonym of Prunum martini (Petit, 1853)
  • Prunum fulgidum Lussi & G. Smith, 1999: synonym of Volvarina fulgida (Lussi & G. Smith, 1999) (original combination)
  • Prunum hartleyanum (Schwengel, 1941):{{WRMS species|420157|Prunum hartleyanum (Schwengel, 1941)||24 April 2010}} synonym of Prunum virginianum hartleyana (Schwengel, 1941)
  • Prunum helena Thiele, 1925 : synonym of Hyalina helena (Thiele, 1925)
  • Prunum hoffi Moolenbeek & Faber, 1991 : synonym of Canalispira hoffi (Moolenbeek & Faber, 1991)
  • Prunum hondurasense (Reeve, 1865) : synonym of Prunum pulchrum (Gray, 1839)
  • Prunum hondurasensis (Reeve, 1865) : synonym of Prunum pulchrum (Gray, 1839)
  • Prunum insulanum (Gofas & Fernandes, 1988) : synonym of Volvarina insulana Gofas & Fernandes, 1988
  • Prunum joubini Bavay, 1913: synonym of Prunum bahiense (Tomlin, 1917)
  • Prunum keenii Marrat, 1871: synonym of Hyalina keenii (Marrat, 1871)
  • Prunum laetitium (Thiele, 1925): synonym of Volvarina laetitia (Thiele, 1925)
  • Prunum longivaricosum Lamarck, 1822: synonym of Prunum guttatum (Dillwyn, 1817)
  • Prunum mabellae (Melvill & Standen, 1901): synonym of Volvarina mabellae (Melvill & Standen, 1901)
  • Prunum marianae Bozzetti, 1999: synonym of Prunum pyrumoides Lussi & G. Smith, 1999
  • Prunum monile (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Volvarina monilis (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Prunum olivaeformis (Kiener, 1834): synonym of Prunum olivaeforme (Kiener, 1834)
  • Prunum pergrande (Clover, 1974): synonym of Volvarina pergrandis Clover, 1974
  • Prunum pergrandis [sic]: synonym of Prunum pergrande (Clover, 1974): synonym of Volvarina pergrandis Clover, 1974 (incorrect gender ending)
  • Prunum riparia Gofas & Fernandes, 1992: synonym of Volvarina riparia Gofas & Fernandes, 1992
  • Prunum roberti (Bavay, 1917): synonym of Volvarina roberti (Bavay, 1917)
  • Prunum roosevelti Bartsch & Rehder, 1939 : synonym of Prunum amabile (Redfield, 1852)
  • Prunum sauliae (G. B. Sowerby II, 1846): synonym of Volvarina sauliae (G. B. Sowerby II, 1846)
  • Prunum serrei Bavay, 1913 : synonym of Volvarina serrei (Bavay, 1913)
  • Prunum sowerbyanum Petit, 1851 : synonym of Prunum monile (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Prunum styrium Dall, 1889 : synonym of Volvarina styria (Dall, 1889)
  • Prunum succinea (Conrad, 1846):{{WRMS species|420166|Prunum succinea (Conrad, 1846)||24 April 2010}} synonym of Prunum succineum (Conrad, 1846)
  • Prunum tacoensis Espinosa & Ortea, 2014: synonym of Prunum tacoense Espinosa & Ortea, 2014
  • Prunum terverianum (Petit de la Saussaye, 1851): synonym of Volvarina monilis (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Prunum watsoni (Dall, 1881): synonym of Eratoidea watsoni (Dall, 1881)
  • Prunum yucatecana (Dall, 1881): synonym of Dentimargo yucatecanus (Dall, 1881): synonym of Dentimargo yucatecana (Dall, 1881)

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References

{{Reflist}}

{{Commons category}}

  • Cossignani T. (2006). Marginellidae & Cystiscidae of the World. L'Informatore Piceno. 408pp

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Category:Marginellidae

Category:Gastropod genera