Pseudaelurus

File:Mascall-Mural.jpg

Pseudaelurus quadridentatus weighed about {{convert|30|kg|abbr=on}} and was approximately the size of a cougar.

Pseudaelurus guangheensis from the middle Miocene of Gansu (China) and Pseudaelurus cuspidatus from the middle Miocene of Xinjiang (China) are reported.

{{Location map+ |World |float=right |width=600 |caption=Location of Pseudaelurus grade fossils based on Paleobiology Database.{{cite web |title=Pseudaelurus |url=https://www.paleobiodb.org/navigator |website=paleobiodb.org |publisher=The data were downloaded from the Paleobiology Database on June 27, 2017 using the taxon name 'Pseudaelurus' |access-date=June 27, 2017}}{{plainlist|

• 8px †Pseudaelurus
• 8px †Styriofelis
• 8px †Hyperailurictis
• 8px now assigned to †Afrosmilus within the family †Barbourofelidae}}

|places=

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.799999|-100.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Big Beaver A (Ash Hollow), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|43.200001|-101.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Big Spring Canyon, US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.900002|-98.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus intrepidus from Forked Hills of Hayden, US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.799999|-100.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Fort Niobrara (Valentine), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|41.5|-103.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Immense Journey Quarry, US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.900002|-98.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus marshi from Joseph Jamber Quarry, US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|40.799999|-103.099998}} |label=Pseudaelurus stouti from Kennesaw (Pawnee Creek Beds), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|41.5|-103.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Mastodon Quarry, US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.799999|-100.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus marshi from Mouth of Minnechaduza Creek, US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|41.299999|-105.099998}} |label=Pseudaelurus intrepidus from Trail Creek Quarry (Ash Hollow), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.799999|-100.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus marshi from Valentine Railway Quarries (Valentine), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.799999|-100.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus intrepidus from Valentine Railway Quarries (Valentine), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.599998|-98}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Verdigre Quarry (Valentine), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|43.299999|-102.5}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Wolf Creek (SDSM V-5324), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|21.083332|-100.666664}} |label=Pseudaelurus intrepidus from Rancho El Ocote (Basal) (Rancho Viejo Beds), MX |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|28.799999|-108}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Yepomera, MX |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|49.200001|-106.199997}} |label=Pseudaelurus aeluroides from Yost Farm (Wood Mountain), CA |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|43.599998|-117.5}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Black Butte (UO 2343) (Juntura), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|38.25|-117.900002}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Cedar Mountain (Esmeralda), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|37.956669|-118.031944}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Fish Lake Valley (Esmeralda), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|43.599998|-117.5}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Juniper Creek (UO 2451), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|43.599998|-117.5}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Red Basin (UO 2495) (Butte Creek Volcanic Sandstone), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|38.099998|-117.300003}} |label=Pseudaelurus intrepidus from Tonopah, US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|34.799999|-117}} |label=Pseudaelurus intrepidus from Avawatz Mountains (Avawatz), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|34.299999|-119}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Kent Quarry (DS Caliente), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|35.5|-106.199997}} |label=Pseudaelurus validus from Nambe (Tesuque), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|34.299999|-119}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Quatal Canyon South Side 3 (MR Caliente), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|34.700001|-113.400002}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Wikieup (Big Sandy), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|35|-100.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Adam Risley Ranch, US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|29.265278|-103.045555}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Screw Bean (Banta Shut-In), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|50.683334|17.166668}} |label=Pseudaelurus quadridentatus from Przeworno 1, Lower Silesia, PL |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|50.683334|17.166668}} |label=Pseudaelurus lorteti from Przeworno 2, Lower Silesia, PL |position=none |mark=Green_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|25.016666|102.066666}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Lufeng, Section D, Layer 2, CN |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|25.016666|102.066666}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Lufeng, Section D, Layer 3, CN |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|25.016666|102.066666}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Lufeng, Section D, Layer 4, CN |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|25.016666|102.066666}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Lufeng, Section D, Layer 5, CN |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|25.016666|102.066666}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Lufeng, Section D, Layer 6, CN |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|25.98361|49.393612}} |label=Pseudaelurus turnauensis from Al-Sarrar, Locality 8, Dam Formation (Dam), SA |position=none |mark=Green_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|25.627222|104.73333}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Panxian Dadong, CN |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|48.484444|10.098333}} |label=Pseudaelurus romieviensis from Langenau 1 (Brackwater Molasse), DE |position=none |mark=Green_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|44.016666|0.45}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Bézian, FR |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|44.016666|0.45}} |label=Pseudaelurus lorteti from Bézian, FR |position=none |mark=Green_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|48.133331|1.816667}} |label=Pseudaelurus romieviensis from Baigneaux-en-Beauce, FR |position=none |mark=Green_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|48.076389|1.856944}} |label=Pseudaelurus lorteti from Artenay, FR |position=none |mark=Green_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|48.200001|17.016666}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Zapfe's fissures, SK |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|48.200001|17}} |label=Pseudaelurus lorteti from Sandberg, SK |position=none |mark=Green_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|48.200001|17}} |label=Pseudaelurus turnauensis from Sandberg, SK |position=none |mark=Green_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|48.351391|9.858333}} |label=Pseudaelurus lorteti from Eggingen-Mittelhart 3 (Brackwater Molasse), DE |position=none |mark=Green_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|43.983334|0.5}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Pellecahus, FR |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|39.973888|28.303612}} |label=Pseudaelurus quadridentatus from Pasalar, TR |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|39.973888|28.303612}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Pasalar, TR |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|40.5|23}} |label=Pseudaelurus lorteti from Antonios (Antonios), GR |position=none |mark=Green_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|40.5|23}} |label=Pseudaelurus quadridentatus from Antonios (Antonios), GR |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|46.759998|31.1}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Isayevo, UA |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.033333|-102.75}} |label=Pseudaelurus aeluroides from Northeast Rim of Sinclair Draw (Olcott), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|45.344166|101.833611}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Ulaan Tologoi, UTO-A/5 (Loh), MN |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.400002|-103.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus intrepidus from Rhino Quarry (F:AM) (Sheep Creek), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|43.983334|0.5}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Pellecahus, FR |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|35.299999|-118.5}} |label=Pseudaelurus intrepidus from Sharktooth Hill (terrestrial mammals) (Temblor), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|48.663612|10.229167}} |label=Pseudaelurus quadridentatus from Oggenhausen 2 (Upper Freshwater Molasse), DE |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|-0.4|34.116699}} |label=Pseudaelurus africanus from Rusinga Island, KE |position=none |mark=Brown_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|-0.0333|35.216702}} |label=Pseudaelurus africanus from Songhor (Main Site), KE |position=none |mark=Brown_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|0.843333|34.157501}} |label=Pseudaelurus africanus from Karungu, KE |position=none |mark=Brown_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|47.548058|-0.041111}} |label=Pseudaelurus lorteti from Pontigne 3, FR |position=none |mark=Green_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|47.548058|-0.041111}} |label=Pseudaelurus turnauensis from Pontigne 4 (marine), FR |position=none |mark=Green_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|47.548058|-0.041111}} |label=Pseudaelurus lorteti from Pontigne 4 (marine), FR |position=none |mark=Green_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|47.53389|-0.025833}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Grand-Trouve 4 (marine), FR |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|47.53389|-0.025833}} |label=Pseudaelurus lorteti from Grand-Trouve 4 (marine), FR |position=none |mark=Green_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|47.53389|-0.025833}} |label=Pseudaelurus romieviensis from Grand-Trouve 4 (marine), FR |position=none |mark=Green_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|36.544167|-120.553055}} |label=Pseudaelurus marshi from UCMP V-99563 (Temblor), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.400002|-103.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus validus from Greenside Quarry (Sheep Creek), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.400002|-103.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus validus from Pliohippus Draw (Lower) (Sheep Creek), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.400002|-103.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus validus from Humbug Quarry (Olcott), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.400002|-103.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus validus from Far Surface Quarry (Olcott), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.400002|-103.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus validus from North Wall Quarry (Olcott), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.1856|-103.732651}} |label=Pseudaelurus validus from Echo Quarry (Olcott), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|34.299999|-119}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Quatal Canyon South Side 14 (DSC Caliente), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|35.299999|-118.5}} |label=Pseudaelurus intrepidus from Sharktooth Hill (Temblor), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.400002|-103.800003}} |label=Pseudaelurus from Princeton Loc. 1000C (Olcott), US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.683334|-102.849998}} |label=Pseudaelurus marshi from Observation Quarry, US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|42.683334|-102.849998}} |label=Pseudaelurus stouti from Observation Quarry, US |position=none |mark=Blue_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|43.450001|0.716667}} |label=Pseudaelurus quadridentatus from En Pejouan, FR |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

{{location map~ |World |coordinates={{coord|43.483334|0.7}} |label=Pseudaelurus quadridentatus from Malartic, a la ferme Larrieu, FR |position=none |mark=Purple_pog.svg}}

}}

Traditionally, all the Pseudaelurus-grade species from Europe, Asia, and North America have been assigned to a single genus, even though the paraphyletic nature of the group has often been noted. Several authorities have split Pseudaelurus into separate genera or subgenera, including Hyperailurictis, Styriofelis, Miopanthera and Schizailurus. These different groups of Pseudaelurus-grade felids are often considered to have given rise to later felid lineages.

The genus Styriofelis was originally proposed in 1929 by Kretzoi for the species Pseudaelurus turnaeunsis.{{cite journal |author1=Kretzoi, M. |title=Feliden-Studien |journal=A Magyar Királyi Földtani Intézet Hazinyomdaja |volume=24 |pages=1–22 |year=1929a}} Kretzoi also proposed the genus Hyperailurictis for the North American species Pseudaelurus intrepidus,{{cite journal |author1=Kretzoi, M. |title=Materialien zur phylogenetischen Klassifikation der Aeluroideen |journal=Int Cong Zool Budapest |volume=10 |pages=1293–1355 |year=1929b}} and Miopanthera for Ps. lorteti.{{cite journal |author1=Kretzoi, M. |title=Die Raubtiere von Gombaszög nebst einer Übersicht der Gesamtfauna |journal=Ann Mus Nat Hungar |volume=31 |pages=88–157 |year=1938}} In 1964, Beaumont elaborated on Kretzoi's proposal and split Pseudaelurus into three separate genera: Pseudaelurus for the European Ps. quadridentatus, Schizailurus for Ps. lorteti, and Hyperailurictis for Ps. intrepidus.

In 1843, the paleontologist H.M. de Blainville published a description of a felid cranium and lower jaw fragment from Sansan, France. He assigned these fossils to a new species, Felis quadridentata. The cranium was later reassigned to another species, but in 1850 the lower jaw fragment was assigned to a new genus by Paul Gervais as Pseudaelurus quadridentatus, due to having certain primitive features.{{cite journal |author1=Gervais, Paul |author-link=Paul Gervais |title=Zoologie et paléontologie françaises. Nouvelles recherches sur les animaux vertébrés dont on trouve les ossements enfouis dans les sol de le France et sur leur comparaison avec les espèces propres aux autres regions du globe |journal=Zoologie et Paléontologie Françaises |volume=8 |pages=1–271 |year=1850}}

In 1858, Joseph Leidy described the species Felis intrepidus, from North America, and reassigned the species as Pseudaelurus intrepidus in 1869. After that discovery, another eight species of Pseudaelurus would be described in North America, but only five are still considered valid.

In 1872, Henri Filhol described the species Pseudaelurus edwardsi from France, but the species was reassigned to the nimravid genus Eofelis in 2000.{{cite journal |author1=Peigné, Stéphane |year=2000 |title=A new species of Eofelis (Carnivora: Nimravidae) from the Phosphorites of Quercy, France |journal=Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Série IIA |volume=330 |issue=9 |pages=653–658 |doi=10.1016/s1251-8050(00)00199-3|bibcode=2000CRASE.330..653P }}

In 1882, a second species from Europe was described as Pseudaelurus turauensis, and a third species, Pseudaelurus lorteti, in 1899. The fourth European species, Pseudaelurus romieviensis, was described in 1934. In addition, the species Pseudaelurus transitorius was described in 1892, but most later authors considered it a synonym of P. turnaeunsis.

In 1914, fossils from Africa were described and assigned to the species Pseudaelurus africanus. However, the species was later reassigned, first to the genus Metailurus, and then finally to Afrosmilus.{{cite journal |author1=Morales, Jorge |author2=Pickford, M. |author3=Salesa, Manuel J. |title=Creodonta and Carnivora from the Early Miocene of the Northern Sperrgebiet, Namibia |journal=Memoir of the Geological Survey of Namibia |volume=20 |pages=291–310 |year=2008}}

In Asia, the first description of Pseudaelurus was in 1910, when a fragmentary fossil was assigned to Pseudaelurus chinjiensis; however, it was reassigned in 1915 to the new genus Sivaelurus. The next appearance of Pseudaelurus-grade felids in Asia wasn't until 1986, when a lower jaw fragment and some dental fragments were assigned to the species Pseudaelurus lorteti. In 1990, the species Pseudaelurus guangheensis was described.{{cite journal |author1=Cao, Z. |author2=Du, H |author3=Zhao, Q. |author4=Cheng, J |title=Discovery of the middle Miocene fossil mammals in Guanghe District, Gansu and their stratigraphic significance |journal=Geoscience |volume=4 |pages=16–32 |year=1990}} In 1998, a second Asian species, Pseudaelurus cuspidatus, was also described.{{cite journal |author1=Wang, X. |author2=Ye, J. |author3=Meng, J. |author4=Wu, W |author5=Liu, L. |author6=Bi, S. |title=Carnivora from middle Miocene of northern Junggar Basin, Xinjiang Autonomous Region, China |journal=Vertebrata PalAsiatica |volume=36 |pages=218–243 |year=1998}} Both of the Asian species are known only from fragmentary fossils.

In 1998, while measuring fragmentary fossils from the Hsanda-Gol locality in Mongolia, Robert Hunt referred a lower jaw fragment to Proailurus sp.; while this was reassigned to the nimravid genus Eofelis in 1999 instead, a 2004 review of felid material from other localities in Mongolia suggested that it could belong to Pseudaelurus cuspidatus instead, on basis of having similar features. However, the Hsanda-Gol specimen is dated back to the Oligocene, while Pseudaelurus cuspidatus is found solely in Miocene-aged localities. The same paper also described a pair of fragments (a lower jaw fragment and a metapodial) and attributed them to Pseudaelurus sp.{{cite journal |author1=Rothwell, Tom |title= Chapter 12: New Felid Material from the Ulaan Tologoi Locality, Loh Formation (Early Miocene) of Mongolia|journal= Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History|volume=285 |pages=157–165 |year=2004 |doi=10.1206/0003-0090(2004)285<0157:c>2.0.co;2|citeseerx=10.1.1.616.5669 |s2cid= 85951519}}

In 2010, a review of the Felidae as a whole suggested that Pseudaelurus be split into three genera: Hyperailurictis for the five North American species, Styriofelis for two of the European species (P. lorteti and P. turnaunensis), and Pseudaelurus sensu stricto for P. quadridentatus. The status of P. romieviensis, P. guangheensis, and P. cuspidatus was given as uncertain. In addition, Miopanthera and Schizailurus were recognized as junior synonyms of Styriofelis.{{cite book |title=Biology and Conservation of Wild Felids |year=2010 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |author=Werdelin, Lars |author2=O'Brien, Stephen J. |author3=Johnson, Warren E. |author4=Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki |editor=Macdonald, D.W. |editor2=Loveridge, A.J. |chapter=Phylogeny and evolution of cats (Felidae) |chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266755142}}

In 2012, a new species Styriofelis vallesiensis was described based on a specimen found in Spain.{{cite journal |author1=Salesa, Manuel J. |author2=Antón, Mauricio |author3=Morales, Jorge |author4=Peigné, Stéphane |title=Systematics and phylogeny of the small felines (Carnivora, Felidae) from the Late Miocene of Europe: a new species of Felinae from the Vallesian of Batallones (MN 10, Madrid, Spain) |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=87–102 |year=2012 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254249560 |issn=1477-2019 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2011.566584|s2cid=84912711 }} However, a review of the species in 2017 concluded that it was sufficiently different from other Styriofelis species as to require a separate genus. It was thus reassigned to the new genus Leptofelis as Leptofelis vallesiensis.{{cite journal |author1=Salesa, Manuel J. |author2=Siliceo, Gema |author3=Antón, Mauricio |author4=Peigné, Stéphane |author5=Morales, Jorge |title=Functional and Systematic Implications of the Postcranial Anatomy of a Late Miocene Feline (Carnivora, Felidae) from Batallones-1 (Madrid, Spain) |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=26 |pages=1–31 |year=2017 |doi=10.1007/s10914-017-9414-9|hdl=10261/225344 |s2cid=19719645 |hdl-access=free }}

In 2017, a review of the species Felis pamiri, which was named based on a snout fragment from Turkey and dated to the late Miocene, concluded that Felis pamiri and Pseudaelurus lorteti were likely closely related to each other, and ancestral to the Panthera lineage. Both species were reassigned to the genus Miopanthera as Miopanthera lorteti and Miopanthera pamiri.{{cite journal |author1=Geraads, Denis |author2=Peigné, Stéphane |title=Re-appraisal of 'Felis' pamiri Ozansoy 1959 (Carnivora, Felidae) from the upper Miocene of Turkey: the earliest pantherin cat? |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=415–425 |year=2017 |url=https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01675275/document |doi=10.1007/s10914-016-9349-6|s2cid=207195894 }}

The following cladogram is based on Piras et al. (2013){{cite journal |author1=Piras, P. |author2=Maiorino, L. |author3=Teresi, L. |author4=Meloro, C. |author5=Lucci, F. |author6=Kotsakis, T. |author7=Raia, P. |title=Bite of the Cats: Relationships between Functional Integration and Mechanical Performance as Revealed by Mandible Geometry |journal=Systematic Biology |volume=62 |issue=6 |year=2013 |pages=878–900 |issn=1063-5157 |doi=10.1093/sysbio/syt053 |pmid=23925509|doi-access=free }} and illustrates the three more derived lineages that evolved from "Pseudaelurus" species.

{{clade |style=font-size:85%;line-height:85%;

|label1=Felidae

|1={{clade

|style1=background-color:#eeccFF;

|label1=†Proailurus

|1={{clade

|caption=Proailurinae |captionstyle=text-align:middle;font-weight:bold;color:purple;padding:2px 10px 1px 1px;

|1=†Proailurus bourbonnensis

|2=†Proailurus lemanensis

|3=†Proailurus major

}}

|label2="Pseudaelurus"|sublabel2=(grade)

|2={{clade

|style1=background-color:#B0CEFF;

|1={{clade

|caption=Pseudaelurus lineage |captionstyle=text-align:right;font-weight:bold;color:blue;padding:2px 10px 1px 1px;

|label1=†Pseudaelurus

|1={{clade

|1=†Pseudaelurus quadridentatus

|2=†Pseudaelurus cuspidatus

|3=†Pseudaelurus guangheensis

}}

|2=†Machairodontinae 50px

}}

|label2=†Hyperailurictis|style2=background-color:#FFB6B6;

|2={{clade

|caption=Hyperailurictis lineage |captionstyle=text-align:right;font-weight:bold;color:#882277;padding:2px 10px 1px 1px;

|1=†Hyperailurictis intrepidus

|2=†Hyperailurictis marshi

|3=†Hyperailurictis stouti

|4=†Hyperailurictis validus

|5=†Hyperailurictis skinneri

}}

|label3=†Sivaelurus|style3=background-color:#ddddFF;

|3=†Sivaelurus chinjiensis

|style4=background-color:#CCFF99;

|4={{clade

|caption=Styriofelis lineage |captionstyle=text-align:right;font-weight:bold;color:green;padding:2px 10px 1px 1px;

|label1=†Styriofelis

|1={{clade

|1=†Styriofelis turnauensis

|2=†Styriofelis romieviensis

}}

|label2=Felinae|sublabel2=sensu lato

|2={{clade

|1=Felinae 50px

|2={{clade

|label1=†Miopanthera

|1={{clade

|1=†Miopanthera lorteti

|2=†Miopanthera pamiri

}}

|2=Pantherinae 50px

}} }} }} }} }} }}

{{Reflist}}

• {{cite journal |last=Christiansen |first=Per |title=Phylogeny of the great cats (Felidae: Pantherinae), and the influence of fossil taxa and missing characters |journal=Cladistics |year=2008 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00226.x |volume=24 |issue=6 |pages=977–992|pmid=34892880 |s2cid=84497516 |doi-access=free }}

{{Feliformia|Fel.|state=collapsed}}

{{Taxonbar|from1=Q132747|from2=Q27150052|from3=Q27150046|from4=Q27150048}}

Category:Prehistoric felids

Category:Miocene felids

Category:Tortonian extinctions

Category:Miocene mammals of Europe

Category:Miocene mammals of North America

Category:Prehistoric carnivoran genera

Category:Burdigalian first appearances

Category:Fossil taxa described in 1850