Purolator Filters

{{Short description|American automotive filter manufacturer}}

{{About|the American automotive filter manufacturer|its former subsidiary, the Canadian courier company|Purolator Inc.}}

{{Infobox company

| name = MANN+HUMMEL Purolator Filters LLC

| logo = Purolator Logo.svg

| former_name = {{Unbulleted list|Motor Improvements, Incorporated|Purolator Products Company}}

| type = Subsidiary

| trade_name = Purolator

| founded = {{Start date and age|1923}} in New York, New York, United States

| founder =

| hq_location_city = Fayetteville, North Carolina

| hq_location_country = United States

| products = {{flatlist|

  • Oil filters
  • Air filters
  • Fuel filters

}}

| parent = {{Unbulleted list|Facet Enterprises (1987-1990)|Pennzoil (1990-1992)|Mark IV Industries (1994-1999)|Arvin Industries (1999-2006)|Bosch and Mann+Hummel (2006-2013)|Mann+Hummel (since 2013)}}

| website = {{URL|pureoil.com}}

| footnotes =

}}

MANN+HUMMEL Purolator Filters LLC, more commonly known as Purolator, is an American manufacturer of oil and air filters, based in Fayetteville, North Carolina. Since 2013, it has been a subsidiary of German filter manufacturer Mann+Hummel. Purolator manufactured and sold the first commercially available automotive oil filters starting in the 1920s. For several decades in the late 20th Century, Purolator operated a large North American courier business known as Purolator Couriers. Canadian courier Purolator Inc. and its subsidiary Purolator International are the successors of that business but have had no direct relationship with their former parent since 1987.

History

=Foundation and early history=

File:Spin-on-conversion.jpg

The company was founded in 1923 as Motor Improvements, Incorporated in New York City.{{Cite web |author=Purolator Filters |title=Purolator History |url=http://www.pureoil.com/en/aboutus1/history/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180427045122if_/http://www.pureoil.com/en/aboutus1/history/ |archive-date=2018-04-27 |website=Purolator Filters |accessdate=2018-04-26}} The company's Purolator (initially stylized PurOlator and sometimes Pur-O-Lator) oil filtration device,{{Cite news |date=3 November 1924 |title=Purolator Scores Big Success Here on Chrysler Six |page=1 |work=The Shreveport Journal |location=Shreveport, Louisiana |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098384/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825061606if_/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098384/the-shreveport-journal/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}} invented in 1922 by [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0006F17R4/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_api_glt_i_KE7A6D707VAGYY757SY2 Ernest John Sweetland]{{Cite web |last=Fitch |first=Bennett |title=Anatomy of an Oil Filter |url=https://www.machinerylubrication.com/Read/29396/oil-filter-anatomy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180427150011if_/http://www.machinerylubrication.com/Read/29396/oil-filter-anatomy |archive-date=27 April 2018 |access-date=24 August 2021 |website=Machinery Lubrication |language=en}} and George H. Greenhalgh, was standard equipment on early 1920s Chrysler automobiles after being launched on the Chrysler Six. The name Purolator was a portmanteau of pure oil later.{{cite web|url=http://www.purolatorautofilters.net/news/Pages/PurolatorHistory.aspx |title=Purolator Auto Filters history |publisher=Purolatorautofilters.net |date= |accessdate=2010-11-27}} The Purolator was the first modern automotive oil filter and reduced the need to flush a car's crankcase to clean out oil contaminants, at the time a regular and costly maintenance item.{{Cite news |date=7 December 1924 |title=Oil Dilution Remedy Found |page=2-0 |work=Oakland Tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098448/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825061606if_/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098448/oakland-tribune/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}}

In 1924, Purolator filters were made available for retail sale for both passenger cars and trucks{{Cite news |date=2 November 1924 |title=Will Offer Purolators |page=6 |work=The South Bend Tribune |location=South Bend, Indiana |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098477/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825061607if_/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098477/the-south-bend-tribune/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}} and Motor Improvements president James A. Abeles announced it had established a network of 2,600 sales, installation, and service stations across the US and Canada and had engaged ad firm MacManus, Inc. for a nationwide advertising campaign.{{Cite news |date=19 October 1924 |title=MacManus Recipient Of Auto Account |page=5. s. 7 |work=Pittsburgh Daily Post |location=Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098531/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825061607if_/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098531/pittsburgh-daily-post/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}}

The company later changed its name to the name of its most well-known brand, Purolator Products, Inc..

=Diversification=

File:PurOlator radiator stop-leak can.JPG

In the 1950s and 1960s, Purolator, headquartered in Rahway, New Jersey, diversified their operations by acquiring a variety of hardware and automotive parts manufacturers. These included Bridgeport Manufacturing Co. in 1959{{Cite news |date=29 September 1959 |title=Hardware Firm at Bridgeport Joins Purolator |work=Meridien Record |agency=Associated Press |location=Bridgeport, Connecticut |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098558/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825061608if_/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098558/record-journal/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}} and in 1961, Hadbar, Inc. and On Mark Couplings, Inc. both of Los Angeles, California.{{Cite news |date=15 November 1961 |title=Purolator Acquires On Mark Couplings |page=13 |work=The Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098581/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825061608if_/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098581/the-los-angeles-times/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}}{{Cite news |date=27 October 1961 |title=Purolator Acquires Hadbar, Inc. of L.A. |page=27 |work=The Los Angeles Times |agency=Associated Press |location=New York, New York |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098615/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825061637if_/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098615/the-los-angeles-times/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}} Among its acquisitions in 1965 was Stant Inc., a Pine Bluff, Arkansas manufacturer of radiator and fuel caps which continued as an independent subsidiary of Purolator.{{Cite web |last=Hillinger |first=Charles |date=11 October 1985 |title=When It Comes to Gas and Radiator Caps, Stant's No. 1 |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-10-11-fi-17237-story.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825061609if_/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-10-11-fi-17237-story.html |archive-date=25 August 2021 |access-date=24 August 2021 |website=Los Angeles Times}}

==US courier operations==

{{for|the history of Purolator's American courier business|Purolator International}}

In 1967, Purolator expanded into the courier business by acquiring American Courier Corp. (ACC) of Bayside, New York for over {{US$|5 million}}. ACC operated as an independent subsidiary of Purolator.{{Cite news |date=14 June 1967 |title=Mergers and Acquisitions |work=Detroit Free Press |agency=Dow Jones News Service |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098645/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825061609if_/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098645/detroit-free-press/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}}{{Cite news |last=Endo |first=Emi |date=14 December 2010 |title=Jericho-based Purolator USA delivers |work=Long Island Newsday |url=http://www.newsday.com/business/jericho-based-purolator-usa-delivers-1.2542717?qr=1 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181223073617if_/https://www.newsday.com/business/jericho-based-purolator-usa-delivers-1.2542717?qr=1 |archive-date=23 December 2018 |accessdate=24 August 2021}} ACC had been founded as Armored Car Service in 1948{{Cite news |last=Wood |first=Francis |date=18 September 1970 |title=Private Mail Service To Compete With U.S. |page=92 |work=Newsday |location=Suffolk, New York |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098692/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825061610if_/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098692/newsday-nassau-edition/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}} and its primary business was transporting checks between banks.{{Cite news |last=Wood |first=Francis |date=28 June 1968 |title=Speed, Diversity Keep American Courier on Go |page=23A |work=Newsday |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098712/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825061610if_/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098712/newsday-suffolk-edition/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}} Following the acquisition by Purolator, ACC made a number of acquisitions aimed at consolidating its business nationwide including the 1969 acquisitions of both Fort Worth, Texas-based Armored Motor Services, Inc.{{Cite news |date=3 June 1969 |title=Stock Acquisition |work=Abilene Reporter-News |agency=Associated Press |location=Fort Worth, Texas |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098742/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825061612if_/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098742/abilene-reporter-news/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}} and Tampa, Florida-based Security Transport Corp.{{Cite news |date=15 July 1969 |title=Security Firm Changes Hands |page=8-B |work=Tampa Bay Times |location=St. Petersburg, Florida |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098837/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825061611if_/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098837/tampa-bay-times/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}} By 1971, ACC said it had 1,272 vehicles and had started a Sky Courier division with 17 planes and 30 pilots.{{Cite news |last=Murphy |first=J. Kevin |date=21 January 1971 |title=The 12-Hour Letter In 1971 - A National Economic Necessity |page=13 |work=Contra Costa Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098851/ |access-date=24 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}} ACC was renamed Purolator Courier Corp. in 1973.{{Cite news |date=13 March 1973 |title=American Courier Corporation renamed Purolator Courier Corp. |page=11 |work=The Raleigh Register |agency=Public Service Commission of West Virginia Charleston |location=Richmond, Virginia |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098866/ |access-date=24 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}}

==Canadian courier operations==

File:PurolatorVehicle.JPG

{{for|the history of Purolator's Canadian courier business|Purolator Inc.}}

Purolator Courier bought Trans Canadian Couriers in 1972 to expand its Canadian reach.{{Cite news |date=13 January 1987 |title=Purolator Courier sold |page=A9 |work=Calgary Herald |agency=Canadian Press |location=Toronto, Ontario |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098907/ |access-date=24 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}}{{Cite web |author=Purolator Inc. |title=Purolator - History |url=http://www.purolator.com/en/resources-and-support/about-us/corporate-information/history.page? |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150506003138if_/http://www.purolator.com/en/resources-and-support/about-us/corporate-information/history.page |archive-date=2015-05-06 |website=Purolator Inc. |accessdate=2015-05-14}} In 1973, Trans Canadian was renamed Purolator Courier, Ltd.{{Cite press release |title=Purolator's Trans Canadian Couriers, Ltd. is now Purolator Courier, Ltd. |date=13 January 1973 |publisher=National Post |location=Toronto, Ontario |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098932/ |access-date=24 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com |author=Purolator Services}}

=Reorganization=

In 1982, William Waltrip resigned as president and CEO of Pan Am after less than a year to become president and CEO of Purolator.{{Cite news |last=Cuff |first=Daniel F. |date=1 July 1982 |title=BUSINESS PEOPLE; PAN AM PRESIDENT GOING TO PUROLATOR |page=D2 |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/07/01/business/business-people-pan-am-president-going-to-purolator.html |url-status=live |url-access=limited |access-date=25 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524102353if_/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/07/01/business/business-people-pan-am-president-going-to-purolator.html |archive-date=24 May 2015}} Waltrip's major initiative was to refocus the company on its courier business.{{Cite news |last=Lucas |first=Walter |date=30 October 1984 |title=Purolator's legacy finds new life |page=11 |work=Daily Record |location=Morristown, New Jersey |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098950/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825062036if_/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098950/daily-record/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}} To that end, in 1983 Purolator sold Purolator Armored, its armored car division formerly Purolator Security, to Australian armored car service provider and owner of Loomis Armored Car Service, Mayne Nickless for {{US$|33 million}}.{{Cite news |date=18 October 1983 |title=Purolator signs letter to sell Armored unit |page=C5 |work=The Central New Jersey Home News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098967/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825062038if_/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098967/the-central-new-jersey-home-news/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}} By the end of 1983, Purolator operated 270 terminals, 111 aircraft, and 5,328 ground vehicles and reported it had handled 76,841 packages in the year.

In April 1984, parent company Purolator Inc. was merged with subsidiary Purolator Services and US courier subsidiary Purolator Courier Corp. to form a new company, Purolator Courier, Inc. It also consolidated the parent company headquarters, previously in Piscataway, New Jersey, and the Courier's headquarters, previously in Long Island, New York, to a single facility in Basking Ridge, New Jersey.{{Cite news |last=Greiff |first=James |date=24 April 1984 |title=Purolator wants name change |page=C4 |work=The Central New Jersey Home News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098979/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825062038if_/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84098979/the-central-new-jersey-home-news/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}} At the same time, Purolator began to move to compete with package delivery companies United Parcel Service and Federal Express by announcing it would introduce a two-day service it called Standard Service in 1985. While revenue rose in the third quarter of 1984, earnings declined due to the company's heavy investment in new equipment as it continued expansion of its courier business. At the time, Purolator's air and ground courier businesses accounted for 75% of the company's {{US$|800 million}} revenue, far eclipsing the original automotive manufacturing business.

=Breakup=

By 1987, Purolator was experiencing significant financial challenges having reported losses of {{US$|57.6 million}} on {{US$|841.4 million}} in revenue for the previous year. The company had spent significant capital building an air fleet in previous years, an endeavor that analysts partially blamed for its financial decline.{{Cite news |last=Sims |first=Calvin |date=2 March 1987 |title=PUROLATOR AGREES TO BUYOUT |pages=D1, D10 |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/03/02/business/purolator-agrees-to-buyout.html |url-status=live |url-access=limited |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122154750if_/http://www.nytimes.com/1987/03/02/business/purolator-agrees-to-buyout.html |archive-date=22 January 2018}}

Following the 1983 sale of Purolator Armored and Purolator's 1984 restructuring, the parent company was the US courier business, Purolator Courier, Inc. Its major subsidiaries were Purolator Products, the original auto filter business, Purolator Courier Ltd., the Canadian courier business, and radiator and fuel cap manufacturer Stant. Unable to maintain its operations, the company was broken up in a series of transactions all occurring in 1987.

  • Purolator Products was sold to filter manufacturer Facet Enterprises for about {{US$|167 million}}.{{Cite web |last=Maurer |first=Mitch |date=30 August 1989 |title=Facet Combines Divisions |url=https://tulsaworld.com/archive/facet-combines-divisions/article_84a8ce6e-b8ef-5102-bc39-cd3fe85e8f9a.html |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825062102if_/https://tulsaworld.com/archive/facet-combines-divisions/article_84a8ce6e-b8ef-5102-bc39-cd3fe85e8f9a.html |archive-date=25 August 2021 |access-date=24 August 2021 |website=Tulsa World |language=en}}
  • Purolator Courier Ltd. was sold to Onex Capital Corp. for {{US$|170 million}}. In 1993, Onex sold 75% of Purolator Courier to Canada Post for {{CA$|24 million}},{{Cite news |date=4 June 1993 |title=Canadian post office to buy 75-percent stake in Purolator for $24 million |work=UPI |agency=United Press International |location=Toronto, Ontario |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1993/06/04/Canadian-post-office-to-buy-75-percent-stake-in-Purolator-for-24-million/1612739166400/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825062038if_/https://www.upi.com/Archives/1993/06/04/Canadian-post-office-to-buy-75-percent-stake-in-Purolator-for-24-million/1612739166400/ |archive-date=25 August 2021}} a holding later increased to over 90% in 1998.{{Cite news |date=23 April 1999 |title=Courier association warns of unfair competition |page=B5 |work=The Leader-Post |agency=Canadian Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84099000/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825062038if_/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84099000/the-leader-post/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |via=Newspapers.com}} In 2011 Purolator Courier Ltd. changed its name to Purolator Inc..{{Cite web |date=1 March 2011 |title=Purolator No Longer Courier |url=https://www.mhlnews.com/transportation-distribution/article/22046291/purolator-no-longer-courier |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825062038if_/https://www.mhlnews.com/transportation-distribution/article/22046291/purolator-no-longer-courier |archive-date=25 August 2021 |access-date=24 August 2021 |website=Material Handling & Logistics}}
  • Purolator Courier Inc., the parent company, was acquired by Emery Air Freight. For Emery, the acquisition of Purolator was financially troublesome and led in part to Emery's 1989 acquisition by Consolidated Freightways for {{US$|230 million}}. Within 30 days of the acquisition, Emery and Purolator Courier had been merged with Consolidate's CF AirFreight to become a single entity, Emery Worldwide, with all former brands including Purolator retired.{{Cite web |last=Kaufman |first=Lawrence H. |date=7 May 1989 |title=QUICK MERGER CREATED NEW EMERY WORLDWIDE |url=https://www.joc.com/air-cargo/quick-merger-created-new-emery-worldwide_19890507.html |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825062040if_/https://www.joc.com/air-cargo/quick-merger-created-new-emery-worldwide_19890507.html |archive-date=25 August 2021 |access-date=24 August 2021 |website=JOC}}
  • Stant was sold with the parent company to Emery. However, Stant was bought out by a management-led group in a leveraged buyout later in 1987. It was independent until 1997 after which it has been owned first by Tomkins plc then, since 2008, H.I.G. Capital.{{Cite web |title=History & Heritage |url=https://stant.com/index.php/english/about-stant/history-heritage/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210820153909if_/https://stant.com/index.php/english/about-stant/history-heritage/ |archive-date=20 August 2021 |access-date=24 August 2021 |website=Stant}}

=Purolator Products=

Following its acquisition by Facet, Purolator Products's headquarters were moved from Edison, New Jersey to Tulsa, Oklahoma where Facet's existing filter subsidiary, Facet Automotive Filter Co., was based. Purolator's manufacturing facilities in Fayetteville, North Carolina and Mississauga, Ontario were not moved.{{Cite web |date=5 February 1987 |title=Facet Enterprises consolidates Purolator headquarters |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1987/02/05/Facet-Enterprises-consolidates-Purolator-headquarters/4084539499600/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825062039if_/https://www.upi.com/Archives/1987/02/05/Facet-Enterprises-consolidates-Purolator-headquarters/4084539499600/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |access-date=24 August 2021 |website=UPI |location=Tulsa, Oklahoma |language=en}}

In 1988, Facet and its subsidiaries including Purolator were acquired by Pennzoil for {{US$|254 million}}{{Cite news |date=28 October 1992 |title=COMPANY NEWS; PENNZOIL'S PUROLATOR UNIT TO GO PUBLIC |page=D3 |work=The New York Times |agency=Bloomberg Business News |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/10/28/business/company-news-pennzoil-s-purolator-unit-to-go-public.html |url-status=live |url-access=limited |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116092959if_/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/10/28/business/company-news-pennzoil-s-purolator-unit-to-go-public.html |archive-date=16 January 2018}} after having been the target of hostile bidder, Prospect Group.{{Cite news |date=22 May 1988 |title=PENNZOIL SAYS 95 PERCENT OF FACET SHARES TENDERED |language=en |work=Deseret News |agency=Associated Press |url=https://www.deseret.com/1988/5/22/18766690/pennzoil-says-95-percent-of-facet-shares-tendered |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825062040if_/https://www.deseret.com/1988/5/22/18766690/pennzoil-says-95-percent-of-facet-shares-tendered |archive-date=25 August 2021}} The next year, Facet merged Purolator with Facet Automotive Filter under the name Purolator Products Inc. The resulting subsidiary was expected to be the world's largest automotive filter company and hold a 30% share of the US market.

In February 1990, Pennzoil put Facet up for sale having been unable to realize expected synergies from the filter manufacturer.{{Cite web |last=McCauley |first=Byron |date=7 February 1990 |title=PENNZOIL TO SELL FACET FILTER UNIT |url=https://greensboro.com/pennzoil-to-sell-facet-filter-unit/article_573b501e-1b7d-5c17-817d-e9d95fec12f2.html |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825062104if_/https://greensboro.com/pennzoil-to-sell-facet-filter-unit/article_573b501e-1b7d-5c17-817d-e9d95fec12f2.html |archive-date=25 August 2021 |access-date=24 August 2021 |website=Greensboro News and Record |language=en}} However, by April, Purolator had been merged with Facet which was renamed Purolator Products Company and Pennzoil reported it was no longer looking for a buyer.{{Cite web |date=19 April 1990 |title=Purolator to Be Revamped |url=https://www.oklahoman.com/article/2314309/purolator-to-be-revamped |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825062040if_/https://www.oklahoman.com/article/2314309/purolator-to-be-revamped |archive-date=25 August 2021 |access-date=24 August 2021 |website=The Oklahoman}} Two years later, Pennzoil spun Purolator off as an independent, publicly traded company via an IPO.

In 1994, Purolator was acquired by engineering company Mark IV Industries of Amherst, New York for a reported {{US$|273 million}}.{{Cite news |date=4 October 1994 |title=COMPANY NEWS; MARK IV TO BUY PUROLATOR FOR $273 MILLION |page=D4 |work=The New York Times |agency=Reuters |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/10/04/business/company-news-mark-iv-to-buy-purolator-for-273-million.html |url-status=live |url-access=limited |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150526101238if_/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/10/04/business/company-news-mark-iv-to-buy-purolator-for-273-million.html |archive-date=26 May 2015}}

In 1999, Mark IV sold the automotive filter business, Purolator Products, to Columbus, Indiana-based automotive component manufacturer Arvin Industries for {{US$|276 million}}. At the time, Purolator reported {{US$|345 million}} in annual sales.{{Cite web |date=8 February 1999 |title=Arvin buying Purolator: Arvin Industries Inc. said... |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1999-02-08-9902090012-story.html |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825062041if_/https://www.chicagotribune.com/ |archive-date=25 August 2021 |access-date=24 August 2021 |website=Chicago Tribune}} Later in the year, Mark IV sold its remaining Purolator and Facet units, industrial filter businesses Purolator Products Air Filtration Company, Facet International, and Purolator-Facet Filter Products, to industrial filter manufacturer Clarcor for {{US$|144.8 million}}.{{Cite news |date=14 September 1999 |title=COMPANY NEWS; MARK IV SELLS FILTER UNIT TO CLARCOR FOR $144.8 MILLION |page=C4 |work=The New York Times |agency=Dow Jones |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/09/14/business/company-news-mark-iv-sells-filter-unit-to-clarcor-for-144.8-million.html?ref=clarcorinc |url-status=live |url-access=limited |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108105257if_/https://www.nytimes.com/1999/09/14/business/company-news-mark-iv-sells-filter-unit-to-clarcor-for-144.8-million.html?ref=clarcorinc |archive-date=8 November 2018}}

In 2006, Arvin, then known as ArvinMeritor, sold Purolator Filters to a joint venture of European filter manufacturers Mann+Hummel and Bosch. Mann+Hummel bought out Bosch's 50% share of their joint venture in Purolator Filters in 2013 taking full ownership of Purolator and renaming it MANN+HUMMEL Purolator Filters.{{Cite press release |title=MANN+HUMMEL Takes Over Purolator Filters Joint Venture from Bosch |date=27 March 2013 |publisher=Business Wire |location=Ludwigsburg, Germany and Fayetteville, North Carolina |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20130327006132/en/MANNHUMMEL-Takes-Purolator-Filters-Joint-Venture-Bosch |access-date=24 August 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210824193449if_/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20130327006132/en/MANNHUMMEL-Takes-Purolator-Filters-Joint-Venture-Bosch |archive-date=24 August 2021 |author=MANN+HUMMEL}}{{Cite web |last=Reidy |first=Roisin |date=4 December 2012 |title=Mann+Hummel to acquire full ownership of Purolator JV |url=https://www.filtsep.com:443/transport/news/mannhummel-to-acquire-full-ownership-of-purolator/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222042220if_/https://www.filtsep.com/transport/news/mannhummel-to-acquire-full-ownership-of-purolator/ |archive-date=22 February 2019 |website=Filtration + Separation |accessdate=21 February 2019}}

Products

{{As of|August 2021}}, Purolator sells four categories of automotive filters:{{Cite web |title=Products |url=https://www.pureoil.com/en/products.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817040739if_/https://www.pureoil.com/en/products.html |archive-date=17 August 2021 |access-date=25 August 2021 |website=Purolator |language=en}}

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NASCAR sponsorship

File:Tobey Butler Schrader Racing Chevrolet 1997.jpg Chevrolet in 1997]]

Purolator's involvement with NASCAR dates to 1955 when it offered a {{US$|7,000}} prize for NASCAR Grand National race circuit winners who raced using Purolator oil filters.{{Cite news |date=26 June 1955 |title=Purses Upped For NASCAR Circuit Races |pages=22 |work=The State |location=Daytona Beach, Florida |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84099577/ |access-date=25 August 2021}} By 1970, it was sponsoring NASCAR Cup Series team Holman-Moody with driver David Pearson, winner of multiple Grand National Championships.{{Cite news |date=13 May 1970 |title=Rookies will have to prove 'selves |pages=12 |work=Johnson City Press |location=Charlotte, North Carolina |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84099750/ |access-date=25 August 2021}} In 1972, Pearson joined Purolator-sponsored Wood Brothers Racing with drivers Neil Bonnett and A. J. Foyt.{{Cite news |last=Hamer |first=Jim |date=14 May 1972 |title=Pearson Bidding To Change Image |pages=21 |work=Asheville Citizen-Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84099893/ |access-date=25 August 2021}} In 1974, Purolator sponsored the inaugural 500-mile NASCAR Grand National race at Pocono International Raceway, the Purolator 500.{{Cite news |last=Marshall |first=Elbert |date=24 April 1974 |title=Racing Report |pages=29 |work=The Daily Times-News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84099961/ |access-date=25 August 2021}} The company continued the sponsorship in 1975{{Cite news |last=Phillips |first=Ron |date=18 April 1975 |title=Purolator 500 is Aug. 3... |pages=16 |work=News Beacon and Dispatch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84100036/ |access-date=25 August 2021}} and 1976.{{Cite news |date=19 February 1976 |title=Ready To Go |pages=10 |work=The Danville News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/84100079/ |access-date=25 August 2021}} Purolator Products sponsored and won the 1990 Daytona 500 with Derrike Cope as the driver.

See also

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References

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