Pyrolycus
{{Short description|Genus of marine ray-finned fishes}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| taxon = Pyrolycus
| authority = Machida & Hashimoto, 2002
| type_species = Pyrolycus manusanus
| type_species_authority = Machida & Hashimoto, 2002{{Cof family|family=Lycodinae|access-date=18 November 2022}}
}}
Pyrolycus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the subfamily Lycodinae, the eelpouts, within the family Zoarcidae. The genus was first described in 2002 by Japanese ichthyologists Yoshihiko Machida and Jun Hashimoto.Machida, Y., & Hashimoto, J. (2002). Pyrolycus manusanus, a new genus and species of deep-sea eelpout (Zoarcidae) from a hydrothermal vent field in the Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea. Ichthyological Research, 49(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s102280200000 The type species is P. manusanus, which was discovered in the Manus Basin off Papua New Guinea.
Etymology
Distribution and habitat
Species of Pyrolycus are found in deep waters of the Pacific Ocean, typically associated with hydrothermal vents or cold seeps.Anderson, M. E. (2006). A new species of Pyrolycus (Teleostei: Zoarcidae) from the Galapagos Rift. Zootaxa, 1171(1), 37-44. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1171.1.3Frable, B. W., Seid, C. A., Bronson, A., & Møller, P. R. (2023). Pyrolycus jaco, a new species of hydrothermal vent-associated eelpout (Teleostei: Zoarcidae) from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. Zootaxa, 5243(2), 231-240. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5243.2.5
Description
Pyrolycus species have elongated, eel-like bodies with a single, long dorsal fin and a shorter anal fin. The pelvic fins are absent, and the pectoral fins are small. They have large heads with blunt snouts and thick, fleshy lips. The teeth are small and conical, arranged in multiple rows on the jaws and vomer.
Species
Pyrolycus contains 3 species:{{FishBase genus|genus=Pyrolycus|month=June|year=2022}}{{Cite web |title=New Species of Deep-Sea Fish Discovered off Costa Rica |url=https://today.ucsd.edu/story/new-species-of-deep-sea-fish-discovered-off-costa-rica |access-date=2023-01-26 |website=today.ucsd.edu |language=en}}
{{Linked species list
| Pyrolycus manusanus | Machida & Hashimoto, 2002
| Pyrolycus moelleri | M. E. Anderson, 2006
Biology and ecology
Little is known about the biology and ecology of Pyrolycus species due to their deep-sea habitats and rarity. They are thought to be predators, feeding on small invertebrates and possibly scavenging on the carcasses of larger animals. The presence of these fishes near hydrothermal vents and cold seeps indicates that they might depend on chemosynthetic bacteria.