QRICH2
{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}
{{Infobox gene}}
Glutamine-rich protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the QRICH2 gene on human chromosome 17.{{cite web | title = Genecards: QRICH2| url =https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=QRICH2&search=qrich2| publisher=Genecards, The Human Gene Compendium }}{{cite web | title = NCBI Nucleotide: QRICH2| date =26 January 2014 | url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_032134.1 | publisher=National Center for Biotechnology Information, Nucleotide Database }} The function of QRICH2 protein is mostly unknown, but it has been shown that QRICH2 gene contains a high molecular weight Glutenin domain and an ATPase involved domain. QRICH2 gene is highly expressed in testis,{{cite web | title = NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO): QRICH2 expression in various tissues in human | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geoprofiles/48989345 }} and the subcellular location of QRICH2 protein is in the nucleus.{{cite web | title = PSORT II Prediction| url =http://psort.hgc.jp/form2.html}}
| class="wikitable" |
| NCBI Reference Number
!Length !location !Molecular weight !PI |
|---|
| mRNA: NM_032134.1
Protein: NP_115510.1 |mRNA: 5411 bp Protein: 1663 aa |17q25.1 | 180.8 kdal |6.25 |
Gene
QRICH2 mRNA is 5411 bp long, and its chromosomal location in human is 17q25.1. QRICH2 mRNA has 19 exons and it contains two main function domains: a high molecular weight Glutenin domain (amino acid 446-979) and an ATPase involved domain (amino acid 1036-1413). QRICH2 locates between UBAL D2 gene and PRPSAP1 gene on chromosome 17.{{cite web | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/84074| title = NCBI Gene: QRICH2| quote =National Center for Biotechnology Information, Gene Database }} There is no predicted stem loop structure on QRICH2 mRNA because there isn't any complementary RNA sequences.{{cite web| url = http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/molkit/dnadot/| title = Nucleic acid dot plot| access-date = 14 May 2013| archive-date = 19 August 2015| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150819124337/http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/molkit/dnadot/| url-status = dead}}
Protein
QRICH2 protein is 1663 amino acids long, and 10.9% of the amino acids are Glutamine (Q). 38% of the QRICH2 protein secondary structure is alpha-helix, 39% is beta-sheet and 13% is turning.{{cite web | url = http://workbench.sdsc.edu/| title = CHOFAS tool | publisher =San Diego Supercomputer Center }}{{cite book |vauthors=Chou PY, Fasman GD | title = Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular Biology | chapter = Prediction of the Secondary Structure of Proteins from their Amino Acid Sequence | series = Prediction of the secondary structure of proteins from their amino acid sequence | journal = Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Areas Mol. Biol. | volume = 47 | pages = 45–148 | year = 1978 | pmid = 364941 | doi = 10.1002/9780470122921.ch2| isbn = 9780470122921 }} The human tissue type with the highest level of QRICH2 expression is testis, and this result is confirmed by the Gene Expression Profile for mouse and dog too.{{cite web | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/unigene/?term=qrich2| title = Expression data (EST profile) for QRICH2 | publisher = Unigene NCBI }} The subcellular location of QRICH2 protein is in the nucleus. QRICH2 is a soluble protein, its average hydrophobicity is -0.5995.{{cite web | url = http://expasy.org/proteomics| title = SOSUI, Classification and Secondary Structure Prediction| publisher = Expasy Bioinformatics Resource Portal }} QRICH2 protein interact with a number of other proteins including SSSCA1, TSSC1, GAPDH, NUP98 and SNAI1.
Homology
=paralogs=
| class="wikitable" | |||||||
| Species
!Gene name !Accession(mRNA) !Length(bp) !E-value !Identity !Coverage !Location | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human | FLJ25373 | AK058102 | 1499 | 0.0 | 99% | 27% | ch7 |
FLJ25737 mRNA sequences{{cite web | title = NCBI FLJ25737| date =13 September 2006 | url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/16554136 | publisher=NCBI Nucleotide Database}} perfectly match with two regions on the QRICH2 mRNA (bp 3157-4302 on QRICH2 match with bp 1-1146 on FLJ25737, bp 4998-5307 on QRICH2 match with bp 1140-1499 on FLJ25737). However, FLJ25737 locates on chromosome 7 and QRICH2 locates on chromosome 17.
| class="wikitable" | |||||||
| Species
!Protein name !Accession(Protein) !Length(aa) !E-value !Identity !Coverage !Location | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human | Spermine like protein 1 | NP_001012998.2 | 632 | 6.00e-46 | 34% | 39% | Xq21.1 |
| Human | Protein piccolo isoform 1 | NP_149015.2 | 5142 | 3.00e-10 | 30% | 33% | 7q11.23 |
= Orthologs =
| class="wikitable" | ||||||
| Species
!Common name !Divergence (Million years ago) !Accession(Protein) !Length(aa) !Identity !Coverage | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rattus norvegicus | Brown rat | 92.3 | XP_577148.4 | 1971 | 51% | 99% |
| Nomascus leucogenys | Gibbon | 20.4 | XP_003279182.2 | 1768 | 80% | 99% |
| Canis lupus familiaris | Dog | 94.2 | XP_533125.3 | 1936 | 67% | 99% |
| Loxodonta africana | Elephant | 98.7 | XP_003417424.1 | 1973 | 65% | 99% |
| Ailuropoda melanoleuca | Panda | 94.2 | XP_002919929.1 | 1903 | 64% | 99% |
| Otolemur garnettii | Bushbaby | 74 | XP_003785524.1 | 1963 | 63% | 99% |
| Sus scrofa | Boar | 94.2 | XP_003131230.1 | 1983 | 63% | 99% |
| Cavia porcellus | Guinea pig | 92.3 | XP_003461498 | 1852 | 61% | 99% |
| Felis catus | Cat | 94.2 | XP_003997276.1 | 1755 | 61% | 98% |
| Papio anubis | Babbon | 29 | XP_003913523.1 | 2043 | 80% | 97% |
| Gorilla gorilla | Gorilla | 8.8 | XP_004041087 | 507 | 99% | 30% |
| Mus musculus | House mouse | 92.3 | NP_001028439.1 | 592 | 77% | 30% |
QRICH2 protein has well conserved orthologs in many species. The orthologous protein sequences match very well at the region where the high molecular weight Glutenin domain and ATPase involved domain is.
Function
The function of QRICH2 protein is mostly unknown. QRICH2 has been shown to belong to the common expression groups on human chromosome 17. The following genes belonged to the common expression groups on chromosome 17:{{cite journal |vauthors=Zaravinos A, Lambrou GI, Boulalas I, Delakas D, Spandidos DA | title = Identification of common differentially expressed genes in urinary bladder cancer | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 6 | issue = 4 | pages = e18135 | year = 2011 | pmid = 21483740 | pmc = 3070717 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0018135 | bibcode = 2011PLoSO...618135Z | doi-access = free }} NCOR1, GFAP, QRICH2, ANAPC11 and PER1. QRICH2 may also be an up-regulated gene involved in cell adhesion and cellular morphogenesis.{{cite journal |vauthors=Król M, Pawłowski KM, Szyszko K, Maciejewski H, Dolka I, Manuali E, Jank M, Motyl T | title = The gene expression profiles of canine mammary cancer cells grown with carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) as a co-culture in vitro | journal = BMC Vet. Res. | volume = 8 | pages = 35 | year = 2012 | pmid = 22453032 | pmc = 3355042 | doi = 10.1186/1746-6148-8-35 | doi-access = free }} The high expression of QRICH2 gene in testis may suggest that QRICH2 protein has some functions related to hormone production in males. QRICH2 protein has some sequence similarities with the spermidine/spermine N(1)-acetyl-like protein 1 in several species.