Qalyub
{{coord|30|11|59|N|31|12|19|E|region:EG_type:city|display=title}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Qalyub
| other_name =
| native_name = قليوب
ⲕⲁⲗⲓⲱⲡⲉ
| nickname =
| settlement_type = City
| motto =
| image_skyline =
| imagesize =
| image_caption = Qalyub Entrance
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| pushpin_map = Egypt
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_mapsize = 300
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Egypt
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Egypt}}
| subdivision_type1 = Governorate
| subdivision_name1 = Qalyubia
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| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_total_km2 = 21.43
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| population_as_of = 2021
| population_note =
| population_total = 156,363
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_sq_mi = auto
| population_metro =
| population_density_metro_km2 = auto
| population_density_metro_sq_mi = auto
| population_blank1_title = Ethnicities
| population_blank1 =
| population_density_blank1_km2 = auto
| population_density_blank1_sq_mi = auto
| timezone = EST
| utc_offset = +2
| timezone_DST = +3
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| coordinates = {{coord|30|11|59|N|31|12|19|E|region:EG|display=inline}}
| elevation_m = 22
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}}
Qalyub ({{langx|arz|قليوب}} {{IPA|arz|ʔælˈjuːb|pron}}; {{langx|cop|ⲕⲁⲗⲓⲱⲡⲉ}}{{cite book| author = Carsten Peust | chapter = | chapter-url = | format = | url = | title = Die Toponyme vorarabischen Ursprungs im modernen Ägypten | orig-year = | agency = | edition = |location= |date = 2010 |publisher= |at= |volume= | pages = | page = | series = | isbn = }} p.71) is a city containing a rural markaz, and an urban one.{{cite book|last1=Law|first1=Gwillim|title=Administrative Subdivisions of Countries: A Comprehensive World Reference, 1900 Through 1998|date=November 23, 1999|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-7864-6097-7|url=https://archive.org/details/administrativesu0000lawg|access-date=19 October 2016|url-access=registration}} It is located in the Qalyubia Governorate of Egypt, in the northern part of the Cairo metropolitan area, at the start of the Nile Delta. In 1986, it had a population of 84,413 inhabitants, which grew to 106,804 residents by 2006, a more than average growth.
Name
The name of the city comes from a Greek personal name Calliope ({{Langx|grc|Καλλιόπη}}).{{Cite web|title=Calliope {{!}} Greek Muse|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Calliope-Greek-Muse|access-date=2021-06-15|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}} Calliope is an ancient Greek goddess, the Muse of epic poetry.
Overview
Qalyub is the commercial center for a significant agricultural region, and some records indicate that Qalyub has had a farmer's market, regularly, for close to one thousand years.{{cite book|last1=Hopkins|first1=Nicholas S.|last2=Westergaard|first2=Kirsten|title=Directions of Change in Rural Egypt|publisher=American Univ in Cairo Press|isbn=9789774244834|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kD_obmkK0lUC&dq=Qalyub&pg=PA65|access-date=22 November 2016|year=1998}}
The people of Qalyub have often proven to be self-reliant like in 1905 when they built their own 500-bed hospital with no help from the state. Years later, the community received money from USAID for the hospital and the school, however, as in many rural villages, the Ministry of Social Affairs angered residents for not doing enough for them.{{cite book|last1=Sullivan|first1=Denis Joseph|title=Private Voluntary Organizations in Egypt: Islamic Development, Private Initiative, and State Control|date=1994|isbn=9780813012902|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2pxIJPJOBWQC&dq=Qalyub&pg=PA48|access-date=22 November 2016}} In 1982, the Basic Village Service Program (BVS), under the auspices of USAID, had twenty-five water projects slated for Qalyub.{{cite web|title=Egypt: The Basic Village Services Program|url=https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PDAAR029.pdf|website=USAID|access-date=19 October 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019144503/https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PDAAR029.pdf|archive-date=19 October 2016}}
On February 13, 2005, Qalyub was the location of a politically significant strike over the benefits and the privatization of the Qalyub Spinning Company.{{cite book|last1=Sowers|first1=Jeannie|title=The Journey to Tahrir: Revolution, Protest, and Social Change in Egypt|date=January 5, 2012|publisher=Verso Books|isbn=9781844678754|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yZwDjVHrpy0C&dq=spinning&pg=PA308}}
Qalyub was the site of the Qalyoub train collision in August 2006.{{cite news|last1=El Gundy|first1=Zeinab|last2=Abdel-Baky|first2=Mohamed|title=Deadly train accidents in Egypt: A Timeline (1992 - 2012)|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/62539/Egypt/Politics-/Deadly-train-accidents-in-Egypt-A-Timeline---.aspx|access-date=22 November 2016|agency=ahram online|date=January 15, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107121157/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/62539/Egypt/Politics-/Deadly-train-accidents-in-Egypt-A-Timeline---.aspx|archive-date=7 November 2016}}
Tuk-tuks, small cars, with government-issued license plates, can be seen in modern-day Qalyub as the district has seen a more than average increase in population growth.{{cite book|last1=Sims|first1=David|title=Understanding Cairo: The Logic of a City Out of Control|date=2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9789774165535|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CRgnDAAAQBAJ&dq=Qalyub+market&pg=PA332|access-date=22 November 2016}}
Other
The Qalyub orthonairovirus is a member of the Bunyaviridae group of vertebrate-infecting viruses and was named after the town.{{cite book|last1=Mahy|first1=Brian W.J.|title=The Dictionary of Virology|date=February 26, 2009|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=9780080920368|page=392|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ksSkuSLzXJsC&dq=Qalyub&pg=PA45|access-date=21 November 2016}}
References
{{portal|Egypt}}
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Cities of Egypt}}