Quercus calophylla
{{Short description|Species of oak tree}}
{{speciesbox
| image = Quercus candicans 2.jpg
| status = VU
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| genus = Quercus
| display_parents = 2
| parent = Quercus sect. Lobatae
| species = calophylla
| authority = Schltdl. & Cham.
| synonyms = {{collapsible list|bullets = true
|Quercus acuminata M.Martens & Galeotti
|Quercus alamo Benth.
|Quercus candicans f. alligata Trel.
|Quercus candicans f. incurva Trel.
|Quercus candicans f. michoacana Trel.
|Quercus chimaltenangensis f. gemmata C.H.Mull.
|Quercus flavida Liebm.
|Quercus intermedia M.Martens & Galeotti, nom. illeg.
|Quercus pagoda f. intermedia (M.Martens & Galeotti) Trel.
|Quercus umbrosa Endl.
}}
}}
Quercus calophylla is a Mesoamerican species of oak tree. It is native to mountain forests of central and southern Mexico, Guatemala, and El Salvador. It has incorrectly been known as Quercus candicans.
Common names include ahuahuaxtl, ahuamextli, encino blanco, encino cenizo, encino de agua, encino papatla, huilocualoni, popocamay, tzacui blanco, and tzaquioco.
Description
Taxonomy
In 2018, it was found that the type specimen of Quercus candicans was actually a misidentified Roldana, a plant in the aster family (Asteraceae). The correct name of this species is Quercus calophylla.{{cite journal|doi=10.11646/phytotaxa.333.2.9|title=Quercus candicans (Fagaceae) is not a Quercus but a Roldana (Asteraceae)|year=2018|last1=Valencia-A.|first1=Susana|last2=Coombes|first2=Allen|last3=Villaseñor|first3=José Luis|journal=Phytotaxa|volume=333|issue=2|page=251|bibcode=2018Phytx.333..251V }} Forms placed in Quercus candicans by Trelease do belong here.
Habitat and range
Quercus calophylla grows in wet montane forests, typically cloud forests but also humid oak forests and pine–oak forests, from {{Convert|1,200 to 2,700|m|abbr=off}}. It prefers calcareous soils.[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/87374#page/565/mode/1up Romero Rangel, S., E. C. Rojas Zenteno & M. L. Aguilar Enríquez. 2002. El género Quercus (Fagaceae) en el estado de México. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 89(4): 551–593] in Spanish, with line drawings of each species[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/46657#page/3/mode/1up McVaugh, R. 1974. Flora Novo-Galiciana: Fagaceae. Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium 12(1,3): 1–93][https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/19685#page/11/mode/1up Standley, P. C. & J. A. Steyermark. 1952. Fagaceae. In Flora of Guatemala - Part III. Fieldiana, Botany 24(3): 369–396][http://oaks.of.the.world.free.fr/quercus_candicans.htm] Oaks of the World, entry "Quercus candicans"
Its range includes the Sierra Madre Occidental of Sonora, Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, and Nayarit states, the Sierra Madre Oriental of San Luis Potosí, Hidalgo, Puebla, and Veracruz, The Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt of Jalisco, Colima, Michoacán, Guanajuato, Mexico City, and Mexico State, the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca of Oaxaca, the Sierra Madre del Sur of Guerrero and Oaxaca, and the Sierra Madre de Chiapas of Chiapas, Guatemala, and El Salvador.
Conservation
Quercus calophylla has been affected by habitat loss from extensive deforestation across most of its range. Its conservation status is Vulnerable. Strong regeneration has been observed at the edges of disturbed areas with intermediate shade.
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.tropicos.org/ImageFullView.aspx?imageid=25777 photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Michoacán in 1891]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q15337060}}
Category:Plants described in 1801
Category:Flora of the Central American pine–oak forests
Category:Flora of the Central American montane forests
Category:Flora of the Sierra Madre Occidental
Category:Flora of the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca
Category:Flora of the Sierra Madre del Sur
Category:Flora of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt