Quercus texana

{{Short description|Species of oak tree}}

{{speciesbox

| image = Quercus texana kz04.jpg

| status = LC

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| status_ref = {{cite iucn |author=Wenzell, K. |author2=Kenny, L. |author3=Jerome, D. |date=2017 |title=Quercus texana |volume=2017 |page=e.T194239A111265845 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T194239A111265845.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}

| genus = Quercus

| display_parents = 2

| parent = Quercus sect. Lobatae

| species = texana

| authority = Buckley

| range_map = Quercus texana range map 2.png

| range_map_caption = Natural range of Quercus texana

| synonyms_ref = {{ThePlantList |id=kew-175464 |taxon=Quercus texana |authority=Buckley}}

| synonyms = {{collapsible list|bullets = true

|Quercus nuttallii E.J.Palmer

|Quercus nuttallii var. cachensis E.J.Palmer

|Quercus palustris f. nuttallii (E.J.Palmer) C.H.Mull.

|Quercus rubra var. texana (Buckley) Buckley

|Quercus shumardii subsp. texana (Buckley) A.E.Murray

|Quercus shumardii var. texana (Buckley) Ashe

}}

}}

Quercus texana, commonly known as Nuttall's oak,{{cite web | title = Oaks list for The State Botanical Garden of Kentucky | url = http://www.ca.uky.edu/arboretum/brochures/Oaks.pdf | format = English | access-date = 2010-05-09}}{{cite web | title = J.C. Raulston slide 102-0276 | url = http://www.ncsu.edu/jcraulstonarboretum/photography/raulston_slides/raulston_slides_results.php?pageNum_slides_recordset=7&fullsearch=&box=&slide=&date=November%201989&photographer=&country=&usstate=&city=&location=&keywords=&othernotes=&plantnames=&commonnames=&families=&digitized=&plantnameID= | format = English | access-date = 2010-05-09 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110608025119/http://www.ncsu.edu/jcraulstonarboretum/photography/raulston_slides/raulston_slides_results.php?pageNum_slides_recordset=7&fullsearch=&box=&slide=&date=November%201989&photographer=&country=&usstate=&city=&location=&keywords=&othernotes=&plantnames=&commonnames=&families=&digitized=&plantnameID= | archive-date = 2011-06-08 | url-status = dead }}{{cite web|title=Missouri Department of Conservation Species Scientific Name Index |url=http://mdc.mo.gov/areas/natareas/scientif.htm |format=English |access-date=2010-05-09 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090815090721/http://www.mdc.mo.gov/areas/natareas/scientif.htm |archive-date=August 15, 2009 }}{{cite web | title = University of Illinois Extension; Critical Issues Forum, What is the Current Status of Oaks in Illinois? | url = http://web.extension.illinois.edu/forestry/critical_issues/diversity_issue.html | format = English | access-date = 2010-05-09}} is a fast-growing, large deciduous oak tree.

File:VSU Quad Tree 5.JPG

It is a tree growing up to 85 feet (25 meters) tall, with dark brown bark. It has leaves with sharp pointed lobes somewhat similar to those of the Georgia oak (Q. georgiana) and pin oak (Q. palustris).{{eFloras|1|233501089|Quercus texana |first=Kevin C. |last=Nixon |volume=3}} It is fast-growing and usually has a pleasing red color in autumn, much more reliably so than the pin oak.

This species was for years erroneously called Quercus nuttallii, but it is now known as Q. texana; this has created much confusion with Texas red oak, which was known as Q. texana but is now known as Q. buckleyi.[https://www.jstor.org/pss/1221780 Laurence J. Dorr and Kevin C. Nixon. 1985. Typification of the Oak (Quercus) Taxa Described by S. B. Buckley (1809-1884). Taxon 34(2): 211-228.]

It is native to the south-central United States primarily in the lower Mississippi River Valley in Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi, Alabama, and western Tennessee. There are additional populations in eastern Texas, southeastern Oklahoma, southeastern Missouri, far western Kentucky, and the southernmost tip of Illinois.{{BONAP|genus=Quercus|species=texana|date=2014}}

It is still relatively obscure in the horticultural industry but is slowly gaining popularity due to its fast growth rate, ease of transplanting, good fall colors and ability to grow in wet soils. It is known for its ability to rapidly recover its gas exchange after flooding.{{Cite journal |last1=Anderson |first1=PH |last2=Pezeshki |first2=SR |date=1999 |title=The effects of intermittent flooding on seedlings of three forest species |journal=Photosynthetica |volume=37 |issue=4 |pages=543–552 |doi=10.1023/A:1007163206642 |bibcode=1999Phsyn..37..543A |via=Science Citation Index (SCI) |s2cid=2246144}}

The current world record Nuttall's Oak tree is located at the White River National Wildlife Refuge, Desha County, Arkansas.

According to the National Forests Champion Trees Official Register, it boasts a trunk circumference of 274 inches, a height of 100 feet, and a crown spread of 102 feet.