REG3G

{{short description|Antimicrobial peptides secreted by intestinal immune and epithelial cells}}

{{Infobox_gene}}

Regenerating islet-derived protein 3 gamma (also Regenerating islet-derived protein III-gamma) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the REG3G gene.{{cite journal | vauthors = Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A | title = The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment | journal = Genome Res | volume = 13 | issue = 10 | pages = 2265–70 |date=Oct 2003 | pmid = 12975309 | pmc = 403697 | doi = 10.1101/gr.1293003 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Nata K, Liu Y, Xu L, Ikeda T, Akiyama T, Noguchi N, Kawaguchi S, Yamauchi A, Takahashi I, Shervani NJ, Onogawa T, Takasawa S, Okamoto H | title = Molecular cloning, expression and chromosomal localization of a novel human REG family gene, REG III | journal = Gene | volume = 340 | issue = 1 | pages = 161–70 |date=September 2004 | pmid = 15556304 | doi = 10.1016/j.gene.2004.06.010 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Laurine E, Manival X, Montgelard C, Bideau C, Bergé-Lefranc JL, Erard M, Verdier JM | title = PAP IB, a new member of the Reg gene family: cloning, expression, structural properties, and evolution by gene duplication | journal = Biochim. Biophys. Acta | volume = 1727 | issue = 3 | pages = 177–87 |date=March 2005 | pmid = 15777617 | doi = 10.1016/j.bbaexp.2005.01.011 | s2cid = 24552883 | url = https://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00143539/file/BBA_Verdier_2005.pdf}}{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: REG3G regenerating islet-derived 3 gamma| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=130120}}

Intestinal paneth cells produce REG3G (or REG3 gamma) via stimulation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). REG3 gamma specifically targets Gram-positive bacteria because it binds to their surface peptidoglycan layer. It is one of several antimicrobial peptides produced by paneth cells.{{cite journal | author = Abreu MT | title = Toll-like receptor signalling in the intestinal epithelium: how bacterial recognition shapes intestinal function | journal = Nat. Rev. Immunol. | volume = 10 | issue = 2 | pages = 131–44 |date=February 2010 | pmid = 20098461 | doi = 10.1038/nri2707 | s2cid = 21789611 }}