REL
{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}
{{for other uses|REL (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
The proto-oncogene c-Rel is a protein that in humans is encoded by the REL gene.{{cite journal | vauthors = Ruben SM, Klement JF, Coleman TA, Maher M, Chen CH, Rosen CA | title = I-Rel: a novel rel-related protein that inhibits NF-kappa B transcriptional activity | journal = Genes Dev | volume = 6 | issue = 5 | pages = 745–60 |date=Jun 1992 | pmid = 1577270 | doi =10.1101/gad.6.5.745 | doi-access = free }} The c-Rel protein is a member of the NF-κB family of transcription factors and contains a Rel homology domain (RHD) at its N-terminus and two C-terminal transactivation domains. c-Rel is a myeloid checkpoint protein that can be targeted for treating cancer.{{cite journal | vauthors = Li T, Li X, Chen YH | title = c-Rel is a myeloid checkpoint for cancer immunotherapy | journal = Nature Cancer | volume = 1 | pages = 507–517 |date=May 2020 | issue = 5 | pmid = 33458695 | pmc = 7808269 | doi = 10.1038/s43018-020-0061-3 | doi-access = free }} c-Rel has an important role in B-cell survival and proliferation. The REL gene is amplified or mutated in several human B-cell lymphomas, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma.{{cite journal | vauthors = Gilmore TD, Kalaitzidis D, Liang MC, Starczynowski DT | title = The c-Rel transcription factor and B-cell proliferation: a deal with the devil | journal = Oncogene | volume = 23 | issue = 13 | pages = 2275–86 |date=March 2004 | pmid = 14755244 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1207410 | doi-access = free }}
References
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Further reading
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- {{cite journal | vauthors=Rayet B, Gélinas C |title=Aberrant rel/nfkb genes and activity in human cancer. |journal=Oncogene |volume=18 |issue= 49 |pages= 6938–47 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10602468 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1203221 |doi-access= free }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Kunsch C, Ruben SM, Rosen CA |title=Selection of optimal kappa B/Rel DNA-binding motifs: interaction of both subunits of NF-kappa B with DNA is required for transcriptional activation. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=12 |issue= 10 |pages= 4412–21 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1406630 |doi= 10.1128/mcb.12.10.4412| pmc=360365 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Neumann M, Tsapos K, Scheppler JA, etal |title=Identification of complex formation between two intracellular tyrosine kinase substrates: human c-Rel and the p105 precursor of p50 NF-kappa B. |journal=Oncogene |volume=7 |issue= 11 |pages= 2095–104 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1437141 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Kochel T, Rice NR |title=v-rel- and c-rel-protein complexes bind to the NF-kappa B site in vitro. |journal=Oncogene |volume=7 |issue= 3 |pages= 567–72 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1549370 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Kumar S, Rabson AB, Gélinas C |title=The RxxRxRxxC motif conserved in all Rel/kappa B proteins is essential for the DNA-binding activity and redox regulation of the v-Rel oncoprotein. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=12 |issue= 7 |pages= 3094–106 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1620118 |doi= 10.1128/mcb.12.7.3094| pmc=364524 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Lu D, Thompson JD, Gorski GK, etal |title=Alterations at the rel locus in human lymphoma. |journal=Oncogene |volume=6 |issue= 7 |pages= 1235–41 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1650444 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Muchardt C, Seeler JS, Nirula A, etal |title=Regulation of human immunodeficiency virus enhancer function by PRDII-BF1 and c-rel gene products. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=66 |issue= 1 |pages= 244–50 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1727488 |doi= 10.1128/JVI.66.1.244-250.1992| pmc=238281 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Hansen SK, Nerlov C, Zabel U, etal |title=A novel complex between the p65 subunit of NF-kappa B and c-Rel binds to a DNA element involved in the phorbol ester induction of the human urokinase gene. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=11 |issue= 1 |pages= 205–13 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1740106 |doi= 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05043.x| pmc=556441 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Davis N, Ghosh S, Simmons DL, etal |title=Rel-associated pp40: an inhibitor of the rel family of transcription factors. |journal=Science |volume=253 |issue= 5025 |pages= 1268–71 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1891714 |doi=10.1126/science.1891714 |bibcode=1991Sci...253.1268D }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Lim MY, Davis N, Zhang JY, Bose HR |title=The v-rel oncogene product is complexed with cellular proteins including its proto-oncogene product and heat shock protein 70. |journal=Virology |volume=175 |issue= 1 |pages= 149–60 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2155506 |doi=10.1016/0042-6822(90)90195-W }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Brownell E, Mittereder N, Rice NR |title=A human rel proto-oncogene cDNA containing an Alu fragment as a potential coding exon. |journal=Oncogene |volume=4 |issue= 7 |pages= 935–42 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2666912 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Brownell E, O'Brien SJ, Nash WG, Rice N |title=Genetic characterization of human c-rel sequences. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=5 |issue= 10 |pages= 2826–31 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3016517 |doi= 10.1128/mcb.5.10.2826| pmc=367021 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=Brownell E, Kozak CA, Fowle JR, etal |title=Comparative genetic mapping of cellular rel sequences in man, mouse, and the domestic cat. |journal=Am. J. Hum. Genet. |volume=39 |issue= 2 |pages= 194–202 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3529946 | pmc=1683919 }}
- {{cite journal |vauthors=John S, Reeves RB, Lin JX, etal |title=Regulation of cell-type-specific interleukin-2 receptor alpha-chain gene expression: potential role of physical interactions between Elf-1, HMG-I(Y), and NF-kappa B family proteins. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=15 |issue= 3 |pages= 1786–96 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7862168 |doi= 10.1128/mcb.15.3.1786| pmc=230403 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Xu X, Gélinas C |title=The v-Rel oncoprotein complexes with new Rel- and RelA-related proteins in transformed cells. |journal=Virology |volume=207 |issue= 2 |pages= 362–8 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7886940 |doi= 10.1006/viro.1995.1095 |doi-access= free }}
- {{cite journal | author=Mackman N |title=Protease inhibitors block lipopolysaccharide induction of tissue factor gene expression in human monocytic cells by preventing activation of c-Rel/p65 heterodimers. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=269 |issue= 42 |pages= 26363–7 |year= 1994 |doi=10.1016/S0021-9258(18)47202-X |pmid= 7929355 |doi-access=free }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Sif S, Gilmore TD |title=Interaction of the v-Rel oncoprotein with cellular transcription factor Sp1. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=68 |issue= 11 |pages= 7131–8 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7933095 |doi= 10.1128/JVI.68.11.7131-7138.1994| pmc=237152 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Hansen SK, Baeuerle PA, Blasi F |title=Purification, reconstitution, and I kappa B association of the c-Rel-p65 (RelA) complex, a strong activator of transcription. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=14 |issue= 4 |pages= 2593–603 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8139561 |doi= 10.1128/mcb.14.4.2593| pmc=358627 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors=Beg AA, Baldwin AS |title=Activation of multiple NF-kappa B/Rel DNA-binding complexes by tumor necrosis factor. |journal=Oncogene |volume=9 |issue= 5 |pages= 1487–92 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8152812 }}
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