ROSA Linux

{{Short description|Software distribution}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}

{{Infobox OS

| name = ROSA Linux

| logo = ROSA Linux logo.svg

| logo_size = 150px

| screenshot = Rosa Fresh 12 2021.1.png

| caption = Rosa Fresh 12 (KDE Plasma 5)

| developer = AO NTC IT ROSA

| family = Linux (Unix-like)

| working state = Current

| source model = Open source

| released = {{Start date and age|2010|12|01|df=yes}}

| latest release version = {{wikidata|property|edit|reference|P348}}

| latest release date = {{Start date and age|{{wikidata|qualifier|P348|P577}}}}

| language = {{hlist|Russian|English|French|German|Spanish|Italian|Portuguese}}

| package manager = RPM & DNF

| supported platforms = P5 (i586), AMD64

| kernel type = Monolithic (Linux)

| userland = GNU Core Utilities

| ui = KDE Plasma 5, GNOME, LXQt, Xfce

| license = Mainly GPL and other free software licenses, minor additions of proprietary

| website = {{URL|www.rosa.ru}}

}}

ROSA Linux is a Linux operating system distribution, developed by the Russian company 'AO NTC IT ROSA' ({{langx|ru|АО «НТЦ ИТ РОСА»}}). It is available in three different editions: ROSA Desktop Fresh, ROSA Enterprise Desktop, and ROSA Enterprise Linux Server, with the latter two aiming at commercial users. Its desktop computer editions come bundled with closed-source software such as Adobe Flash Player, multimedia codecs, and Steam.

ROSA Desktop Fresh 12.4, the latest desktop release as of 28 March 2023, is available with four different desktop environments: KDE Plasma 5, GNOME, LXQt and Xfce.{{cite web|url=http://wiki.rosalab.ru/en/index.php/ROSA_Release#ROSA_Desktop_Fresh_R11.1/|title=Releases|date=23 April 2020}} It also contains open source software developed in-house by ROSA, such as ROSA Image Writer or ROSA Media Player.{{cite web|url=http://en.rosalinux.com/our-products/|title=Our products|date=19 February 2016|access-date=3 August 2016|archive-date=14 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170514103432/http://en.rosalinux.com/our-products/|url-status=dead}} ROSA Linux has been certified by the Ministry of Defence of Russia.

Although its main popularity is in the Russian language market, ROSA Desktop also received favorable reviews by several non-Russian online publications. German technology website Golem.de praised ROSA for its stability and hardware support,{{cite web|url=http://www.golem.de/news/linux-distributionen-rosa-desktop-fresh-kooperiert-mit-aktueller-hardware-1504-113271.html|title=Linux-Distributionen im Test: Rosa Desktop Fresh kooperiert mit aktueller Hardware - Golem.de}} while LinuxInsider.com called ROSA "a real Powerhouse".{{cite web|url=http://www.linuxinsider.com/story/83087.html |title=Rosa Is a Real Powerhouse - Reviews |website=LinuxInsider|date=9 February 2016 }}

History

ROSA originated as a fork of now defunct French distribution Mandriva Linux and has since then been developed independently. The ROSA company was founded in early 2010 and released the first version of its operating system in December 2010. It initially targeted enterprise users only, but in late 2012, ROSA started its end-user oriented distribution, Desktop Fresh. Before its bankruptcy, Mandriva developed its last releases jointly with ROSA.{{cite web|url=http://www.heise.de/open/meldung/OpenMDV-Das-Community-Mandriva-nimmt-Gestalt-an-1630111.html|title=OpenMDV: Das Community-Mandriva nimmt Gestalt an|first=heise|last=open|date=2 July 2012 }} Mandriva 2011 was also based on ROSA. Also MagOS Linux, is based on ROSA.

{{clade sequential

|1=Red Hat Linux

|2=DemoLinux

|3=ALT Linux

|4={{clade sequential

|1=TinyMe

|2=Granular Linux

|3=Phinx

|4=PCLinuxOS

}}

|5=SAM LinuxSAMity Linux

|6=BlackPanther OS

|7=OpenSLSAnnvix

|8=Unity Linux

|9=Mageia

|10={{clade

|1=OpenMandriva Lx

|2=Mandrake LinuxMandriva

}}

|11=ROSA

}}

Version history

=ROSA=

class="wikitable sortable"
VersionDesktop environmentRelease dateLinux kernel
2011 "Hydrogen"[http://www.opennet.ru/opennews/art.shtml?num=31614 OpenNews: Релиз Mandriva Linux 2011 и ROSA Desktop 2011] {{in lang|ru}}rowspan="5" | KDE29 August 2011{{N/a}}
2012 LTS "Marathon"[http://wiki.rosalab.ru/en/index.php/Release_notes_ROSA_Marathon_2012 Release notes ROSA Marathon 2012 - Rosalab Wiki]13 May 2012{{N/a}}
Desktop.Fresh 2012[http://www.opennet.ru/opennews/art.shtml?num=35654 OpenNews: Увидел свет Linux-дистрибутив ROSA Desktop 2012] {{in lang|ru}}[https://distrowatch.com/?newsid=07248 Distribution Release: ROSA 2012 (DistroWatch.com News)]19 December 2012{{N/a}}
Desktop Fresh R1[http://wiki.rosalab.ru/en/index.php/Release_notes_ROSA_Desktop.Fresh_R1 Release notes ROSA Desktop.Fresh R1 - Rosalab Wiki][https://www.opennet.ru/opennews/art.shtml?num=37112 OpenNews: Представлен Linux-дистрибутив ROSA Desktop Fresh R1] {{in lang|ru}}[https://distrowatch.com/?newsid=07903 Distribution Release: ROSA 2012 R1 "Desktop Fresh" (DistroWatch.com News)]17 July 2013{{N/a}}
Desktop Fresh R2[http://wiki.rosalab.ru/en/index.php/ROSA_Desktop_Fresh_R2 ROSA Desktop Fresh R2 - Rosalab Wiki][https://distrowatch.com/?newsid=08196 Distribution Release: ROSA 2012 R2 "Desktop Fresh" (DistroWatch.com News)]4 December 2013{{N/a}}
Desktop Fresh R3[http://wiki.rosalab.ru/ru/index.php/Блог:Точка_Росы/ROSA_Desktop_Fresh_R3_«KDE» ROSA Desktop Fresh R3 «KDE» — Блог:Точка Росы — Rosalab Wiki] {{in lang|ru}}[http://wiki.rosalab.ru/ru/index.php/Блог:Точка_Росы/ROSA_Desktop_Fresh_R3_«GNOME» ROSA Desktop Fresh R3 «GNOME» — Блог:Точка Росы — Rosalab Wiki] {{in lang|ru}}KDE, GNOME29 April 20143.10.34
Desktop Fresh R4[http://wiki.rosalab.ru/ru/index.php/Блог:Точка_Росы/ROSA_Fresh_Desktop_R4 ROSA Fresh Desktop R4 – Блог:Точка Росы – Rosalab Wiki] {{in lang|ru}}KDE, LXDE8 October 20143.14.15
Desktop Fresh R5[http://wiki.rosalab.ru/en/index.php/ROSA_Desktop_Fresh_R5 ROSA Desktop Fresh R5 - Rosalab Wiki][https://distrowatch.com/?newsid=08747 Distribution Release: ROSA R5 "Desktop Fresh" (DistroWatch.com News)][https://www.nixp.ru/news/13048.html ROSA Desktop Fresh R5 – Linux-дистрибутив с KDE 4.14 – Новости (nixp.ru)] {{in lang|ru}}KDE, LXDE, GNOME25 December 20143.14.25
Desktop Fresh R6[http://wiki.rosalab.ru/en/index.php/ROSA_Desktop_Fresh_R6 ROSA Desktop Fresh R6 - Rosalab Wiki]KDE15 July 20153.14.44
Desktop Fresh R7[http://wiki.rosalab.ru/en/index.php/ROSA_Desktop_Fresh_R7 ROSA Desktop Fresh R7 - Rosalab Wiki][https://www.itweek.ru/foss/blog/foss/8202.php ROSA Fresh R7: свидетельство непростой ситуации в проекте] {{in lang|ru}}[https://distrowatch.com/?newsid=09268 Distribution Release: ROSA R7 "Desktop Fresh" (DistroWatch.com News)]

|KDE 4, KDE 5, LXQt

|5 January 2016

|4.1.15

Desktop Fresh R8[http://wiki.rosalab.ru/en/index.php/ROSA_Desktop_Fresh_R8 ROSA Desktop Fresh R8 - Rosalab Wiki]

|KDE 4, KDE 5, GNOME 3, MATE

|2 August 2016

|4.1.25

Desktop Fresh R8.1[http://wiki.rosalab.ru/en/index.php/ROSA_Desktop_Fresh_R8.1 ROSA Desktop Fresh R8.1 - Rosalab Wiki][https://www.opennet.ru/opennews/art.shtml?num=46158 OpenNews: Обновление Linux-дистрибутива ROSA Desktop Fresh R8.1] {{in lang|ru}}

|KDE 4

|22 February 2017

|4.9 LTS

Desktop Fresh R9[http://wiki.rosalab.ru/en/index.php/ROSA_Desktop_Fresh_R9 ROSA Desktop Fresh R9 - Rosalab Wiki][https://www.opennet.ru/opennews/art.shtml?num=46409 OpenNews: Доступен Linux-дистрибутив ROSA Desktop Fresh R9] {{in lang|ru}}

|KDE 4, KDE 5, GNOME 3, LXQt

|1st half of 2017

|4.9.20 LTS

Desktop Fresh R10{{cite web|url=http://en.rosalinux.com/2017/12/08/rosa-r10-is-out/|title=ROSA Fresh R10 is out!|date=25 December 2017}}

|KDE Plasma 5, KDE Plasma 4, LXQt

|4 December 2017

|4.9

Desktop Fresh R11{{r|FRESHR11}}

|KDE Plasma 5, KDE Plasma 4, Xfce, LXQt

|15 March 2019

|4.15

Desktop Fresh R11.1{{cite web|url=http://wiki.rosalab.ru/ru/index.php/ROSA_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7#ROSA_Desktop_Fresh_R11.1|title=ROSA release}}

|KDE Plasma 5, KDE Plasma 4, Xfce, LXQt

|23 April 2020

|5.4.32

Fresh 12{{cite web|url=https://vk.com/wall-33847957_324119|title=Итак, прочихались даже самые дальние яндексовские зеркала и теперь везде-везде выложен первый на новой платформе 2021.1, а всего двенадцатый релиз ROSA Linux.|language=Russian|date=2021-10-12}}

|KDE Plasma 5

|12 October 2021

|5.10.71

Fresh 12.1{{cite web|url=https://vk.com/wall-33847957_324949|title=Появилась такая традиция - 12-го числа каждого месяца выпускать соответствующий релиз ROSA Fresh.|language=Russian|date=2021-11-12}}{{cite web|url=https://vk.com/wall-33847957_325241|title=Ну что ж, гном сопротивлялся, но мы его все равно выпустили!|language=Russian|date=2021-11-22}}

|KDE Plasma 5, GNOME 41

|12 November 2021

| rowspan="2"|5.10.74

Fresh 12.2{{cite web|url=https://vk.com/wall-33847957_326486|title=Вышла ROSA Fresh 12.2!|language=Russian|date=2022-02-14}}

|KDE Plasma 5, GNOME 41, LXQt

|14 February 2022

Fresh 12.3{{cite web|url=https://vk.com/wall-33847957_334495|title=Для тех, кто торопится увидеть релиз 12.3: первый образ пошел.|language=ru|date=2022-10-31}}

|KDE Plasma 5, GNOME 42, LXQt, Xfce

|31 October 2022

|5.15.75

Fresh 12.4

|KDE Plasma 5, GNOME, LXQt, Xfce

|4 April 2023{{cite web |date=2023-04-04 |author=НТЦ ИТ РОСА |title=Rosa Fresh: бесплатный дистрибутив от НТЦ ИТ РОСА получил обновление |url=https://rosa.ru/rosa-fresh-besplatnyj-distributiv-ot-ntcz-it-rosa-poluchil-obnovlenie |archive-date=2024-06-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619175534/https://rosa.ru/rosa-fresh-besplatnyj-distributiv-ot-ntcz-it-rosa-poluchil-obnovlenie |language=ru |trans-title=Rosa Fresh: free distribution from NTC IT ROSA received an update}}

|6.1.20 LTS{{cite web |date=March 2023 |author=НТЦ ИТ РОСА |title=Примечания к релизу ROSA Fresh 12.4 |url=http://wiki.rosalab.ru/ru/index.php/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%83_ROSA_Fresh_12.4 |website=Rosalab Wiki |archive-date=2023-03-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230329112707/http://wiki.rosalab.ru/ru/index.php/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%83_ROSA_Fresh_12.4 |language=ru |trans-title=Information on the release ROSA Fresh 12.4}}

Fresh 12.5

|KDE Plasma 5, GNOME, LXQt, Xfce

|2 April 2024{{Cite web|url=https://opennet.ru/60914-rosa|title=Выпуск дистрибутива ROSA Fresh 12.5|lang=ru|website=OpenNET|date=2024-04-02|access-date=2025-03-02|url-status=live}}{{cite web |date=2024-04-04 |author=НТЦ ИТ РОСА |title=Rosa Fresh 12.5 |url=https://www.linux.org.ru/news/russia/17573947 |website=Linux.org.ru |archive-date=2024-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240404111058/https://www.linux.org.ru/news/russia/17573947 |language=ru}}

|6.6.47

Fresh 13

|KDE Plasma 6, GNOME

|28 February 2024{{Cite web|url=https://www.opennet.ru/opennews/art.shtml?num=62819|title=Доступен дистрибутив ROSA Fresh 13|lang=ru|website=OpenNET|date=2025-03-02|access-date=2025-03-02|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=https://forum.rosa.ru/viewtopic.php?t=11359|title=РОСА Фреш 13 релиз! - ROSA Forum|website=forum.rosa.ru|access-date=2025-03-02}}

|6.12.13

=ROSA Chrome=

class="wikitable sortable"
Version

! Desktop environment

! Release date

! Linux kernel

12.4{{cite web |date=2023-04-26 |author=НТЦ ИТ РОСА |title=РОСА "ХРОМ" 12.4: больше возможностей с обновленной операционной системой |url=https://rosa.ru/rosa-hrom-12-4-bolshe-vozmozhnostej-s-obnovlennoj-operaczionnoj-sistemoj |archive-date=2024-02-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225055913/https://rosa.ru/rosa-hrom-12-4-bolshe-vozmozhnostej-s-obnovlennoj-operaczionnoj-sistemoj |language=ru |trans-title=ROSA "CHROME" 12.4: more possibilities with the updated operating system}}

| KDE Plasma 5

| 26 April 2023

| 6.1

12.5{{cite web |date=2024-05-30 |author=НТЦ ИТ РОСА |title=Официально представлены российская мобильная ОС РОСА Мобайл и российский смартфон Р-ФОН |url=https://rosa.ru/rosa-predstavila-rosa-hrom-12-5-s-zashhitoj-dannyh-pri-utere-ustrojstva |archive-date=2024-06-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621012141/https://rosa.ru/rosa-predstavila-rosa-hrom-12-5-s-zashhitoj-dannyh-pri-utere-ustrojstva |language=ru |trans-title=ROSA presented ROSA Chrome 12.5 with data protection in case of device loss}}

| KDE Plasma 5

| 30 May 2024

| 6.6

12.6{{cite web |date=2024-11-06 |author=НТЦ ИТ РОСА |title=Представлен новый релиз РОСА Хром 12.6 |url=https://rosa.ru/predstavlen-novyj-reliz-rosa-hrom-12-6 |archive-date=2024-11-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127123014/https://rosa.ru/predstavlen-novyj-reliz-rosa-hrom-12-6 |language=ru |trans-title=New release ROSA Chrome 12.6 presented}}

|

| 6 November 2024

|

=ROSA Mobile=

class="wikitable sortable"
Version

! Supported models

! Release date

1.0{{cite web |date=2023-11-01 |author=НТЦ ИТ РОСА |title=Презентация смартфона Р-ФОН с операционной системой РОСА Мобайл |url=https://rosa.ru/prezentacziya-smartfona-r-fon-s-operaczionnoj-sistemoj-rosa-mobajl |archive-date=2024-03-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240319050127/https://rosa.ru/prezentacziya-smartfona-r-fon-s-operaczionnoj-sistemoj-rosa-mobajl |language=ru |trans-title=Presentation of the R-FON smartphone with the ROSA Mobile operating system}}{{cite web |date=2023-12-17 |author=НТЦ ИТ РОСА |title=Официально представлены российская мобильная ОС РОСА Мобайл и российский смартфон Р-ФОН |url=https://rosa.ru/oficzialno-predstavleny-rossijskaya-mobilnaya-os-rosa-mobajl-i-rossijskij-smartfon-r-fon |archive-date=2023-12-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231219142208/https://rosa.ru/oficzialno-predstavleny-rossijskaya-mobilnaya-os-rosa-mobajl-i-rossijskij-smartfon-r-fon |language=ru |trans-title=Officially presented Russian mobile OS ROSA Mobile and Russian smartphone R-FON}}

| {{ill|R-FON|ru|Р-ФОН}}

| 11 September 2023{{cite web |date=2023-09-22 |author=НТЦ ИТ РОСА |title=Смартфон Р-ФОН начал производиться в России |url=https://rosa.ru/antishpionskij-smartfon-r-fon-nachal-proizvoditsya-v-rossii |archive-date=2023-12-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231222050718/https://rosa.ru/antishpionskij-smartfon-r-fon-nachal-proizvoditsya-v-rossii |language=ru |trans-title=R-FON smartphone has started to be produced in Russia}}{{cite web |date=2023-07-18 |author=НТЦ ИТ РОСА |title=НТЦ ИТ РОСА готовится к выпуску собственной мобильной операционной системы |url=https://rosa.ru/ntcz-it-rosa-gotovitsya-k-vypusku-sobstvennoj-mobilnoj-operaczionnoj-sistemy |archive-date=2024-05-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521202649/https://rosa.ru/ntcz-it-rosa-gotovitsya-k-vypusku-sobstvennoj-mobilnoj-operaczionnoj-sistemy |language=ru |trans-title=NTC IT ROSA is preparing to release its own mobile operating system}}

2.0{{cite web |date=2025-03-14 |author=НТЦ ИТ РОСА |title=РОСА объявляет о выпуске РОСА Мобайл 2.0 с улучшенным интерфейсом, эмулятором Android и новыми функциями |url=https://rosa.ru/rosa-obyavlyaet-o-vypuske-rosa-mobajl-2-0-s-uluchshennym-interfejsom-emulyatorom-android-i-novymi-funkcziyami |archive-date=2025-03-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250315052844/https://rosa.ru/rosa-obyavlyaet-o-vypuske-rosa-mobajl-2-0-s-uluchshennym-interfejsom-emulyatorom-android-i-novymi-funkcziyami |language=ru |trans-title=ROSA announces the release of ROSA Mobile 2.0 with an improved interface, Android emulator and new features}}

| {{ill|R-FON|ru|Р-ФОН}}

| 14 March 2025

Reception

LinuxBSDos.com reviewed ROSA Desktop Fresh R2 with GNOME.[http://linuxbsdos.com/2014/02/03/rosa-desktop-fresh-r2-gnome-review/ ROSA Desktop Fresh R2 GNOME review | LinuxBSDos.com] He wrote:

{{Blockquote|ROSA Desktop Fresh is supposed to be the line that ships with the latest and greatest (read: bleeding edge software versions), but ROSA Desktop Fresh R2 GNOME did not live up to that billing. Instead of GNOME 3.10, the latest stable version of the GNOME 3 desktop, you get GNOME 3.8.4.}}

LinuxBSDos.com also reviewed same version with KDE,[http://www.linuxbsdos.com/2013/12/13/rosa-desktop-fresh-r2-kde-review/ ROSA Desktop Fresh R2 KDE review | LinuxBSDos.com] and have the review about earlier version — Fresh and Marathon 2012.[http://www.linuxbsdos.com/2013/01/17/rosa-desktop-fresh-2012-review/ ROSA Desktop Fresh 2012 review | LinuxBSDos.com][http://linuxbsdos.com/2012/05/23/rosa-marathon-2012-review/ ROSA Marathon 2012 review | LinuxBSDos.com]

In October 2012, Dedoimedo wrote review about ROSA Marathon 2012:[http://www.dedoimedo.com/computers/rosa-marathon-2012.html ROSA Marathon 2012 review - Ahem], Dedoimedo

{{Blockquote|ROSA is a fairly elegant distribution, with a simple, clean layout, a handful of posh icons, windows-like decorations, and a classy menu. All in all, you would be tempted to guess what desktop environment you're working in, as the customized KDE leans toward more Gnome-like features.}}

Dedoimedo also wrote review about ROSA Desktop Fresh R7.[https://www.dedoimedo.com/computers/rosa-r7-desktop-fresh.html ROSA R7 Desktop Fresh review - Thorny fun], Dedoimedo

Jesse Smith reviewed ROSA Desktop Fresh 2012 R1 for DistroWatch Weekly:[https://distrowatch.com/weekly.php?issue=20130624#feature First look at ROSA 2012 R1 "Desktop Fresh"], DistroWatch Weekly

{{Blockquote|Booting from the disc brings up a menu asking if we would like to launch the ROSA live environment or run the distribution's system installer. There is a third option which is to boot from the local hard drive and I was surprised to find booting from the local drive is the default option. This makes a good deal of sense as it means if we install the distribution and forget to eject the disc (or USB thumb drive) that we will still boot into the local installation of ROSA. Opting to run the live desktop brings us to a series of screens asking us to read the distribution's license agreement, set our time zone, and confirm our keyboard's layout. From there we are brought to the KDE desktop. The theme is bright and the background is a nice, light blue. At the bottom of the display, we find the application menu, some quick-launch icons, and the task switcher. One of the first things I did was seek out the system installer and attempt to launch it. When I clicked on the system installer icon a pop-up appeared which simply said: "password invalid" and the installer closed. Given this reception, I decided to reboot the machine and try running the system installer from the live disc's boot menu.}}

Smith also reviewed Fresh R9 version.[https://distrowatch.com/weekly.php?issue=20170522#rosa ROSA Fresh R9], DistroWatch Weekly

References

{{reflist|refs=

{{cite web|url=https://www.rosalinux.ru/2019/03/15/rosa-desktop-fresh-r11-itogovyj-reliz-domashnego-distributiva-na-osnove-platformy-2016-1/|title=ROSA Desktop Fresh R11|date=15 March 2019|access-date=8 July 2019|archive-date=18 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200818093543/https://www.rosalinux.ru/2019/03/15/rosa-desktop-fresh-r11-itogovyj-reliz-domashnego-distributiva-na-osnove-platformy-2016-1/|url-status=dead}}

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