Rachel de Queiroz
{{Short description|Brazilian author, translator and journalist (1910–2003)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = Rachel de Queiroz
| image = Rachel de Queiroz, 1971.tif
| alt =
| caption = Rachel de Queiroz (1971), from the collection of the Brazilian National Archives
| pseudonym = Rita de Queiroz
| birth_date = {{birth date|1910|11|17}}
| birth_place = Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| death_date = {{death date and age|2003|11|04|1910|11|17}}
| death_place = Leblon, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| education =
| occupation =
| genre =
| notable_works = O Quinze
| subjects =
| awards = {{ubl|Camões Prize|Prêmio Jabuti}}
}}
Rachel de Queiroz ({{IPA|pt-BR|ʁaˈkɛw dʒi ˈkejɾɔs|lang}}, November 17, 1910 – November 4, 2003) was a Brazilian author, translator and journalist.
Biography
File:Estatua de Rachel de Queiroz.JPG, capital of Ceará]]
Rachel de Queiroz was born on November 17, 1910 in Fortaleza, capital of the northeastern state of Ceará.{{cite web| publisher= Academia Brasileira de Letras | url= http://www.academia.org.br/abl/cgi/cgilua.exe/sys/start.htm?infoid=261&sid=115 | language= Portuguese | title= Rachel de Queiroz}} During her childhood, her family spent a couple of years in Rio de Janeiro and Belém before moving back to Fortaleza.
She began her career in journalism in 1927 under the pen name "Rita de Queiroz". She entered the national spotlight with the unexpected success of her debut novel O Quinze in 1930. She published another three novels before moving to Rio in 1939.{{cite news| newspaper= Folha de S.Paulo | language= Portuguese | url= http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/folha/ilustrada/ult90u38513.shtml | title= Morre no Rio a escritora Rachel de Queiroz | date=November 4, 2003 }} She was also renowned for her chronicles, short topical newspaper pieces.{{Cite web |title=Rachel de Queiroz |url=https://cronicabrasileira.org.br/autores/8262/rachel-de-queiroz |access-date=2024-02-13 |website=Portal da Crônica Brasileira |language=pt-BR}}
De Queiroz joined the Brazilian Communist Party in the 1930s; she was arrested by the Getulio Vargas police in 1937;{{Cite web |date=2022-08-04 |title=Rachel de Queiroz é a primeira mulher eleita para a ABL |url=http://www.fflch.usp.br/35104 |access-date=2024-02-13 |website=FFLCH |language=pt-br}} she would break off with the party later that decade. In 1964 she supported the Brazilian military coup d'état.{{Cite web |title=Rachel e o golpe |url=https://ims.com.br/por-dentro-acervos/rachel-e-o-golpe/ |access-date=2024-02-13 |website=Instituto Moreira Salles |language=pt-BR}}
In 1964 she became Brazil's representative to the UN, and in 1977 she became the first female writer to enter the Academia Brasileira de Letras. She won the Camões Prize (1993) and the Prêmio Jabuti.{{citation needed|date=February 2024}}
She died of a heart attack in her apartment in Leblon, Rio de Janeiro on November 4, 2003, about two weeks before her 93rd birthday.
File:Vídeo Agência Nacional 75.webm, 1977.]]
The Brazilian Marines' base in the UN peacekeeping mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) is named after her.{{citation needed|date=February 2024}}
Brazilian Academy of Letters
Her election, on November 4, 1977, to seat 5 of the Brazilian Academy of Letters, caused some excitement among the feminists of the time. In an interview, she declared: I did not join the ABL because I was a woman. I joined because, regardless of that, I have a work. I have dear friends here. Almost all my friends are men, I don't trust women very much.{{cn|date=January 2024}}
Received by Adonias Filho, she was the fifth occupant of the chair whose patron is Bernardo Guimarães.{{citation needed|date=February 2024}}
Legacy
Her novel O Quinze was made into a film in 2004.[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0423024/ O Quinze (2004)]. IMDb
On November 17, 2017, Google celebrated her 107th birthday with a Google Doodle.{{cite web |url=https://doodles.google/doodle/rachel-de-queirozs-107th-birthday/ |title=Rachel de Queiroz's 107th Birthday |website=Google |date=17 November 2017 }}
Works
{{div col}}
= Novels =
- (1930) O Quinze
- (1932) João Miguel
- (1937) O caminho das pedras
- (1939) As três Marias
- (1950) O galo de ouro
- (1975) Dora Doralina
- (1992) Memorial de Maria Moura
= Drama =
- (1953) Lampião
- (1958) A Beata Maria do Egito
= Collections of chronicles =
- (1963) O brasileiro perplexo
- (1967) O caçador de tatu
- (1976) As menininhas e outras crônicas
= Non-fiction =
- (1998) Tantos anos (co-authored with her sister, Maria Luíza)
{{div col end}}
References
{{reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category|Rachel de Queiroz}}
- {{Cite web |url=http://geocities.com/~rebra/autoras/1ingl.html |title=Biography |access-date=October 9, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026225351/http://geocities.com/~rebra/autoras/1ingl.html |archive-date=October 26, 2009 |url-status=dead|df=mdy-all }}
- [http://www.hope.edu/latinamerican/Queiroz.html Hope.edu Biography]
- {{IMDb name|id=0211054}}
{{Camões Prize}}
{{Patrons and members of the Brazilian Academy of Letters}}
{{Order of Cultural Merit}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Queiroz, Rachel De}}
Category:Brazilian women journalists
Category:Brazilian women novelists
Category:Members of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
Category:People from Fortaleza
Category:20th-century Brazilian women writers
Category:French–Portuguese translators
Category:20th-century Brazilian translators
Category:20th-century Brazilian novelists
Category:Brazilian Communist Party politicians