Radiative Auger effect
In optics and spectroscopy, the radiative Auger effect is a decay channel of an inner-shell atomic vacancy state, in which an X-ray photon is emitted accompanying simultaneous promotion of an electron into either a bound or a continuum state. Thus the transition energy is shared between the photon and the electron.{{Cite journal
| doi = 10.1103/PhysRevA.4.1735
| volume = 4
| issue = 5
| pages = 1735–1740
| last = Åberg
| first = T.
| title = Theory of the Radiative Auger Effect
| journal = Physical Review A
| date = 1971-11-01
|bibcode = 1971PhRvA...4.1735A }} The effect was first observed by Felix Bloch and Perley Ason Ross,{{Cite journal
| doi = 10.1103/PhysRev.47.884
| volume = 47
| issue = 11
| pages = 884
| last = Bloch
| first = F.
|author2=P. A. Ross
| title = Radiative Auger Effect
| journal = Physical Review
| date = 1935-06-01
| bibcode=1935PhRv...47..884B
}} with the initial theoretical explanation by Bloch.{{Cite journal
| doi = 10.1103/PhysRev.48.187
| volume = 48
| issue = 3
| pages = 187–192
| last = Bloch
| first = F.
| title = Double Electron Transitions in X-Ray Spectra
| journal = Physical Review
| year = 1935
|bibcode = 1935PhRv...48..187B }}
Later the effect has also been observed on defects in the solid-state,{{cite journal | last1=Dean | first1=P. J. | last2=Cuthbert | first2=J. D. | last3=Thomas | first3=D. G. | last4=Lynch | first4=R. T. | title=Two-Electron Transitions in the Luminescence of Excitons Bound to Neutral Donors in Gallium Phosphide | journal=Physical Review Letters | publisher=American Physical Society (APS) | volume=18 | issue=4 | date=1967-01-23 | issn=0031-9007 | doi=10.1103/physrevlett.18.122 | pages=122–124}} semiconductor quantum emitters,{{cite journal | last1=Löbl | first1=Matthias C. | last2=Spinnler | first2=Clemens | last3=Javadi | first3=Alisa | last4=Zhai | first4=Liang | last5=Nguyen | first5=Giang N. | last6=Ritzmann | first6=Julian | last7=Midolo | first7=Leonardo | last8=Lodahl | first8=Peter | last9=Wieck | first9=Andreas D. | last10=Ludwig | first10=Arne | last11=Warburton | first11=Richard J. | title=Radiative Auger process in the single-photon limit | journal=Nature Nanotechnology | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=15 | issue=7 | date=2020-06-15 | issn=1748-3387 | doi=10.1038/s41565-020-0697-2 | pages=558–562| pmid=32541943 | s2cid=208309976 | url=https://edoc.unibas.ch/81147/1/20210122175636_600b03c4958f3.pdf }}{{cite journal | last1=Antolinez | first1=Felipe V. | last2=Rabouw | first2=Freddy T. | last3=Rossinelli | first3=Aurelio A. | last4=Cui | first4=Jian | last5=Norris | first5=David J. | title=Observation of Electron Shakeup in CdSe/CdS Core/Shell Nanoplatelets | journal=Nano Letters | publisher=American Chemical Society (ACS) | volume=19 | issue=12 | date=2019-11-05 | issn=1530-6984 | doi=10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02856 | pages=8495–8502| pmid=31686517 | hdl=20.500.11850/386327 | s2cid=207903415 | hdl-access=free }} as well as two-dimensional electron gases.{{cite journal | last1=Skolnick | first1=M.S. | last2=Nash | first2=K.J. | last3=Mowbray | first3=D.J. | last4=Saker | first4=M.K. | last5=Fisher | first5=T.A. | last6=Whittaker | first6=D.M. | last7=Peggs | first7=D.W. | last8=Miura | first8=N. | last9=Sasaki | first9=S. | last10=Smith | first10=R.S. | last11=Bass | first11=S.J. | title=Fermi sea shake-up in quantum well luminescence spectra | journal=Solid-State Electronics | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=37 | issue=4–6 | year=1994 | issn=0038-1101 | doi=10.1016/0038-1101(94)90306-9 | pages=825–829}}{{cite journal | last1=Manfra | first1=M. J. | last2=Goldberg | first2=B. B. | last3=Pfeiffer | first3=L. | last4=West | first4=K. | title=Anderson-Fano resonance and shake-up processes in the magnetophotoluminescence of a two-dimensional electron system | journal=Physical Review B | publisher=American Physical Society (APS) | volume=57 | issue=16 | date=1998-04-15 | issn=0163-1829 | doi=10.1103/physrevb.57.r9467 | pages=R9467–R9470| arxiv=cond-mat/9804068 | s2cid=14351818 }} In the latter case, the effect is typically referred to as shake-up.