Radical 184
{{Short description|Chinese character radical}}
{{Infobox Kangxi radical
|184|uni=98DF
|meaning= eat, food
|pny= shí
|bopo= ㄕˊ
|wade= shi2
|jyutping= sik6
|yale= sik6
|cn= (Left) 食字旁 shízìpáng
(Bottom) 食字底 shízì
|onyomi= ショク shoku
|kunyomi= く-う ku-u / た-べる ta-beru
|jp= 食/しょく shoku
(Left) 食偏/しょくへん shokuhen
|hang= 밥 bap
|hanja= 식 sik
|hanviet= thực, tự
}}
Radical 184 or radical eat ({{Lang|zh-Hant|食部}}) meaning "eat" or "food" is one of the 11 Kangxi radicals (214 radicals in total) composed of 9 strokes.
In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are 403 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.
{{Lang|zh-Hans|食}} is also the 185th indexing component in the Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components predominantly adopted by Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China, with the simplified left component form {{Lang|zh-Hans|饣}} and its traditional form {{Lang|zh-Hans|飠}} listed as its associated indexing components.
Evolution
File:食-oracle.svg|Oracle bone script character
File:食-bronze.svg|Bronze script character
File:食-bigseal.svg|Large seal script character
File:食-seal.svg|Small seal script character
Derived characters
| class="wikitable"
! Strokes !! Characters (食飠)!! Characters (饣) |
| +0
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|食}} {{Linktext|飠}}Component | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | {{Linktext|饣}}SC component (=飠) |
| +2
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|飡}} (=餐) {{Linktext|飢}} {{Linktext|飣}} {{Linktext|飤}} (=飼) | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | {{Linktext|饤}}SC (=飣) {{Linktext|饥}}SC (=飢) |
| +3
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|飥}} {{Linktext|飦}} {{Linktext|飧}} {{Linktext|飨}}SC (=饗) | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | {{Linktext|饦}}SC (=飥) {{Linktext|饧}}SC (=餳) |
| +4
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|飩}} {{Linktext|飪}} {{Linktext|飫}} {{Linktext|飬}} {{Linktext|飭}} {{Linktext|飮}} (=飲) {{Linktext|飯}} {{Linktext|飰}} (=飯) {{Linktext|飱}} (=飧) {{Linktext|飲}} | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | {{Linktext|饨}}SC (=飩) {{Linktext|饩}}SC (=餼) {{Linktext|饪}}SC (=飪) {{Linktext|饫}}SC (=飫) {{Linktext|饬}}SC (=飭) {{Linktext|饭}}SC (=飯) {{Linktext|饮}}SC (=飲) |
| +5
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|飳}} {{Linktext|飴}} {{Linktext|飵}} {{Linktext|飶}} {{Linktext|飷}} {{Linktext|飸}} (=饕) {{Linktext|飹}} {{Linktext|飻}} {{Linktext|飼}} {{Linktext|飽}} {{Linktext|飾}} {{Linktext|飿}} | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | {{Linktext|饯}}SC (=餞) {{Linktext|饰}}SC (=飾) {{Linktext|饱}}SC (=飽) {{Linktext|饲}}SC (=飼) {{Linktext|饳}}SC (=飿) {{Linktext|饴}}SC (=飴) |
| +6
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|飺}} {{Linktext|餀}} {{Linktext|餁}} (=飪) {{Linktext|餂}} {{Linktext|餃}} {{Linktext|餄}} {{Linktext|餅}} {{Linktext|餆}} {{Linktext|餇}} {{Linktext|餈}} (={{Linktext|糍}} -> 米) {{Linktext|餉}} {{Linktext|養}} {{Linktext|餋}} {{Linktext|餌}} {{Linktext|餍}}SC (=饜) {{Linktext|餎}} {{Linktext|餏}} | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | {{Linktext|饵}}SC (=餌) {{Linktext|饶}}SC (=饒) {{Linktext|饷}}SC (=餉) {{Linktext|饸}}SC (=餄) {{Linktext|饹}}SC (=餎) {{Linktext|饺}}SC (=餃) {{Linktext|饻}}SC (=餏) {{Linktext|饼}}SC (=餅) |
| +7
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|餐}} {{Linktext|餑}} {{Linktext|餒}} {{Linktext|餓}} {{Linktext|餔}} {{Linktext|餕}} {{Linktext|餖}} {{Linktext|餗}} {{Linktext|餘}} {{Linktext|餙}} {{Linktext|餝}} | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | {{Linktext|饽}}SC (=餑) {{Linktext|饾}}SC (=餖) {{Linktext|饿}}SC (=餓) {{Linktext|馀}}SC (=餘) {{Linktext|馁}}SC (=餒) {{Linktext|馂}}SC (=餕) |
| +8
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|餚}} {{Linktext|餛}} {{Linktext|餜}} {{Linktext|餞}} {{Linktext|餟}} {{Linktext|餠}} (=餅) {{Linktext|餡}} {{Linktext|餢}} {{Linktext|餣}} {{Linktext|餤}} {{Linktext|餥}} {{Linktext|餦}} {{Linktext|餧}} (=餵) {{Linktext|館}} {{Linktext|餩}} | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | {{Linktext|馃}}SC (=餜) {{Linktext|馄}}SC (=餛) {{Linktext|馅}}SC (=餡) {{Linktext|馆}}SC (=館) |
| +9
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|餪}} {{Linktext|餫}} {{Linktext|餬}} (={{Linktext|糊}} -> 米) {{Linktext|餭}} {{Linktext|餮}} {{Linktext|餯}} {{Linktext|餰}} {{Linktext|餱}} {{Linktext|餲}} {{Linktext|餳}} {{Linktext|餴}} {{Linktext|餵}} {{Linktext|餷}} | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | {{Linktext|馇}}SC (=餷) {{Linktext|馈}}SC (=饋) {{Linktext|馊}}SC (=餿) {{Linktext|馋}}SC (=饞) |
| +10
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|餶}} {{Linktext|餸}} {{Linktext|餹}} (={{Linktext|糖}} -> 米) {{Linktext|餺}} {{Linktext|餻}} (={{Linktext|糕}} -> 米) {{Linktext|餼}} {{Linktext|餽}} {{Linktext|餾}} {{Linktext|餿}} {{Linktext|饀}} {{Linktext|饁}} {{Linktext|饂}} {{Linktext|饃}} | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | {{Linktext|馉}}SC (=餶) {{Linktext|馌}}SC (=饁) {{Linktext|馍}}SC (=饃) {{Linktext|馎}}SC (=餺) {{Linktext|馏}}SC (=餾) {{Linktext|馐}}SC (=饈) |
| +11
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|饄}} (={{Linktext|糖}} -> 米) {{Linktext|饅}} {{Linktext|饆}} {{Linktext|饇}} {{Linktext|饈}} {{Linktext|饉}} | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | {{Linktext|馑}}SC (=饉) {{Linktext|馒}}SC (=饅) |
| +12
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|饊}} {{Linktext|饋}} {{Linktext|饌}} {{Linktext|饍}} (={{Linktext|膳}} -> 肉) {{Linktext|饎}} {{Linktext|饏}} {{Linktext|饐}} {{Linktext|饑}} {{Linktext|饒}} {{Linktext|饓}} | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | {{Linktext|馓}}SC (=饊) {{Linktext|馔}}SC (=饌) |
| +13
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|饔}} {{Linktext|饕}} {{Linktext|饖}} {{Linktext|饗}} {{Linktext|饘}} {{Linktext|饙}} | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | |
| +14
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|饚}} {{Linktext|饛}} {{Linktext|饜}} | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | |
| +16
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|饝}} (=饃) | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | |
| +17
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|饞}} {{Linktext|饟}} (=餉) | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | |
| +19
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|饠}} {{Linktext|饡}} | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | |
| +22
| style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hant" | {{Linktext|饢}} | style="font-size: large;" lang="zh-Hans" | {{Linktext|馕}}SC (=饢) |
{{See|wikt:Appendix:Chinese radical/食}}
Variant forms
This radical character has different forms in different languages when used as an individual character and as a component.
Traditionally, when used as an individual character, its third stroke is printed as either a horizontal line ({{Lang|zh-Hant|食}}) or a vertical line ({{Lang|ja|食}}), but more often written as a slanted dot ({{Lang|zh-Hans|食}}); when used as a left component, it is usually printed as {{Lang|zh-Hant|𩙿}} and written as {{Lang|zh-cn|飠}} in regular script.
In China, xin zixing adopted the handwritten form {{Lang|zh-cn|食}} and {{Lang|zh-cn|飠}} and applies it also to printing typefaces. This change is applied chiefly to Traditional Chinese publications in mainland China; the left component form {{Lang|zh-cn|飠}} was already replaced by the simplified form {{Linktext|饣}} prior to the printing typeface reform. Taiwan's Standard Form of National Characters and Hong Kong's List of Graphemes of Commonly-Used Chinese Characters use {{Lang|zh-Hant|食}} and {{Lang|zh-Hant|飠}} (the third stroke is horizontal) as the standard forms, while other alternative forms (e.g. {{Lang|ko|食}}/𩙿, {{Lang|ja|食}}/{{Lang|ja|飠}}) are still rather prevalent in publishing.
In modern Japanese, {{Lang|ko|食}} (third stroke is horizontal) and {{Lang|ja|𩙿}} are seen as the traditional/orthodox forms. The shinjitai reform changed the third stroke in {{Lang|ko|食}} as an individual character or as a non-left component to a short horizontal line ({{Lang|ja|食}}); changed the left component form {{Lang|ja|𩙿}} to {{Lang|ja|飠}}. In principle, these changes apply only to jōyō kanji (more specifically, jōyō kanji before 2010 revision; some characters added in 2010 were not simplified); the traditional form is used for hyōgai kanji.
| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |
| Kangxi Dict. Korean !Japanese !Trad. Chinese !Trad. Chinese !Simp. Chinese |
|---|
| style="font-size:4em;font-family:serif;line-height:100%;"
|lang="ko"|食 |lang="ja"|食 |lang="zh-Hant"|食 |lang="zh-Hans"|食 |lang="zh-Hans"|食 |
| style="font-size:4em;font-family:serif;line-height:100%;"
|lang="ko"|飼 |lang="ja"|飼 |lang="zh-Hant"|飼 |lang="zh-Hans"|飼 |lang="zh-Hans"|饲 |
| style="font-size:4em;font-family:serif;line-height:100%;"
|lang="ko"|饉 |lang="ja"|饉 |lang="zh-Hant"|饉 |lang="zh-Hans"|饉 |lang="zh-Hans"|馑 |
| style="font-size:4em;font-family:serif;line-height:100%;"
|lang="ko"|饕 |lang="ja"|饕 |lang="zh-Hant"|饕 |lang="zh-Hans"|饕 |lang="zh-Hans"|饕 |
Literature
- {{cite book|last= Fazzioli |first= Edoardo |others= calligraphy by Rebecca Hon Ko |title= Chinese calligraphy : from pictograph to ideogram : the history of 214 essential Chinese/Japanese characters |year= 1987 |publisher= Abbeville Press |location= New York |isbn= 0-89659-774-1 }}