Randolph–Macon Yellow Jackets

The school's main rival in men's sports over the past century has been Hampden–Sydney College. The football game between Randolph–Macon and Hampden–Sydney dates to the 19th century and is billed as the "Oldest Small-College Rivalry in the South". Randolph–Macon won the first contest 12–6 in 1893. Other rivalries include Roanoke, Virginia Wesleyan, and Washington & Lee. Randolph–Macon was also a founding member of the Virginia Intercollegiate Athletic Association in 1900, and remained in the organization until 1921, when the association dissolved.

On November 24, 2020, the 1984 football victory over Hampden–Sydney was voted the greatest football game in the history of Randolph–Macon dating back to 1891. In this game, Randolph–Macon's defense forced five turnovers which allowed the explosive and record breaking offense to score 31 points in a 31–10 victory. This allowed Randolph–Macon to advance to the NCAA playoffs for the first time in the school's history finishing the regular season ranked #5 in the NCAA and #1 in the NCAA South Region.{{Cite journal|last=Shaw|first=Tom|date=2020-11-24|title=Fans Vote 1984 H-SC Win as Top Game|url=https://www.rmcathletics.com/sports/fball/2020-21/releases/20201124cv83vc|access-date=2021-04-21|website=Randolph-Macon|language=en}} During this historic season, Randolph Macon wide receiver Keith Gilliam had an NCAA record of nine consecutive receptions for touchdowns.{{Cite journal|last=Tom|first=Shaw|title=Keith Gilliam '87|url=https://www.rmcathletics.com/Hall_of_Fame/Hall_of_Fame_Bios/Keith_Gilliam|access-date=2021-04-21|website=Randolph-Macon|language=en}}

On March 19, 2022, Randolph–Macon won its first national title in the school's history as the men's basketball team soundly defeated Elmhurst College, 75–45. The Yellow Jackets set a school record for wins and finished with a 33–1 record, including a 19–0 finish in ODAC conference play.

The college maintains a Hall of Fame of former especially accomplished athletes based upon their past athletic records.

File:CNU Christopher Newport University Captains Randolph-Macon Yellow Jackets women's lacrosse (25794748161).jpg

The school's baseball team have won the ODAC championship in 1979, 1987, 2008, 2011, 2013 and 2016. In the 2016 season, R–MC reached the Mideast Regional title game. The Yellow Jackets won the South Regional Championship in 2018 and made their first appearance at the College World Series in Appleton, Wisconsin.

The men's basketball team has a long tradition of success. They have been ranked #1 in the country by D3hoops.com on multiple occasions, most recently in the 2022–23 season, and earned a trip to the Final Four of the NCAA Division III tournament in 2010. The men's basketball program has made 24 NCAA tournament appearances and won two national championships, although in two different forms, in consecutive years. The NCAA did not hold a tournament in the truncated 2020–21 basketball season because an insufficient number of schools in Division III played the season. The program was ranked No. 1 in D3sports.com's polls when they agreed to play No. 2 Trine University Thunder in an organised pre-2014 college football-style national championship game to determine the mythical national championship. The Yellow Jackets won the game and earning the top spot in the poll, 69–55.{{cite journal |title=Randolph-Macon runs out to win in showdown |url=https://www.d3hoops.com/notables/2021/03/macon-runs-out-to-win-in-showdown |website=D3Hoops |date=14 March 2021 |access-date=2021-08-25 |ref=D3Hoops}} The following season, the Yellow Jackets compiled a record of 33–1 and won the 2022 NCAA Division III Tournament, defeating 16th ranked Elmhurst 75–45 in the final to claim a legitimate championship. All-American Buzz Anthony earned the tournament's Most Outstanding Player award.{{cite news|first=Lane|last=Casadonte|title=Randolph-Macon wins DIII National Championship|date=March 19, 2021|url=https://www.wtvr.com/sports/randolph-macon-wins-diii-national-championship-over-elmhurst|work=wtvr.com|access-date=March 22, 2022}}{{cite news|title=National Championship for #1 R-MC Men's Hoops|date=March 19, 2021|url=https://www.rmcathletics.com/sports/mbkb/2021-22/releases/20220319y8gbil|work=Randolph–Macon College|access-date=March 22, 2022}}

The Randolph–Macon women's basketball team has had numerous successful seasons. In total, the women's basketball team has appeared in 13 NCAA tournaments with their most recent appearance being in 2025 and they played in the 2005 NCAA Division III Women's Basketball National Championship game losing to Millikin University and finishing second in the nation.

{{main|Randolph–Macon Yellow Jackets football}}

In 1969 Randolph–Macon defeated the University of Bridgeport (Connecticut) 47–28 in the inaugural Knute Rockne Bowl laying claim to a shared College Division II National Championship with Wittenberg University (Springfield, Ohio) which had defeated William Jewell College in the first Amos Alonzo Stagg Bowl. The 4 teams had been chosen by the NCAA to compete in the first ever playoffs established for Division II schools. No complete playoff was set up until 1973. The 1969 football team was inducted into the college's Hall of Fame in 2004. The 1968 team with a perfect 9–0 record remains the only undefeated and untied football team in school history. The Yellow Jacket football team is currently coached by Pedro Arruza and won the ODAC championship in 2007, 2008, 2016, 2018, 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023.

On November 24, 2020, the 1984 football victory over Hampden Sydney was voted the greatest football game in the history of Randolph Macon dating back to 1891. In this game, Randolph Macon's defense forced five turnovers which allowed the explosive and record breaking offense to score 31 points in a 31–10 victory. This win allowed Randolph–Macon to advance to the NCAA playoffs for the first time in the school's history finishing the regular season ranked #5 in the nation and #1 in the NCAA South Region.{{Cite journal|date=November 24, 2020|title=Fans Vote 1984 H-SC Win as Top Game|url=https://www.rmcathletics.com/sports/fball/2020-21/releases/20201124cv83vc|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124133833/https://www.rmcathletics.com/sports/fball/2020-21/releases/20201124cv83vc|access-date=April 24, 2021|archive-date=November 24, 2020|website=rmcathletics.com|language=en}}{{Cite journal|title=Randolph-Macon Football History|url=https://www.rmcathletics.com/sports/fball/fball-history|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130613215417/https://www.rmcathletics.com/sports/fball/fball-history|access-date=April 24, 2021|archive-date=June 13, 2013|website=rmcathletics.com|language=en}} During the historic 1984 season, Randolph Macon wide receiver Keith Gilliam broke the all-time NCAA record by having nine consecutive receptions for touchdowns.{{Cite journal|title=Keith Gilliam '87 (2012)|url=https://rmcathletics.com/honors/hall-of-fame/keith-gilliam/65|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704181223/https://rmcathletics.com/honors/hall-of-fame/keith-gilliam/65|access-date=April 24, 2021|archive-date=July 4, 2024|website=rmcathletics.com|language=en}}

As of November 2013 the football team had posted a record seven seasons with a winning record under Coach Arruza. The football team plays its home games at Day Field.{{cite web|title=All-Time Division III Football Championship Records |url=http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/football_champs_records/2013/d3/champ.pdf |work=NCAA |publisher=NCAA.org|access-date=January 24, 2015|pages=1–15}}

R–MC won its seventh ODAC title and made its ninth NCAA appearance in 2022. In 2015 the team made an appearance in the National Quarterfinals.

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