Reader Bullard

{{Infobox officeholder

| honorific-prefix = Sir

| honorific-suffix = {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|KCB|KCMG|CIE}}

| image = Reader Bullard.jpeg

| caption = Portrait by Walter Stoneman, 1950

| ambassador_from = British

| country = Iran

| term_start = 1942

| term_end = 1946

| predecessor = Sir Horace Seymour

| successor = Sir John Le Rougetel

| birth_name = Reader William Bullard

| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1885|12|5}}

| birth_place = Walthamstow, Essex, England

| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1976|5|24|1885|12|5}}

| death_place = Wantage, Oxfordshire, England

| alma_mater = Queens' College, Cambridge

| years_active =

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| known_for =

| spouse = {{marriage|Miriam Catherine Smith|1921|1973|end=d}}

| children = 5, including {{enum| Giles | Julian}}

| parents =

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| occupation = {{hlist| Diplomat | author}}

}}

Sir Reader William Bullard {{postnominals|country=GBR|KCB|KCMG|CIE}} (5 December 1885 – 24 May 1976) was a British diplomat and author.{{cite journal | jstor=615828 | title=Obituary: Sir Reader William Bullard | author=Lambton, Ann K. S. | journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London | year=1977 | volume=40 | issue=1 | pages=130–134| doi=10.1017/S0041977X00040489 | doi-access=free }}

Education

Reader Bullard was born in Walthamstow, the son of Charles, a dock labourer, and Mary Bullard. He was educated at the Monoux School there and later at Bancroft's School, Woodford Green, northeast London, and spent two years studying at Queens' College, Cambridge.{{cite book | title=The Concise Dictionary of National Biography: Volume I, A–F | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=1992 | pages=387 | chapter=Bullard, Sir Reader William}}

He entered the Levant (Western Asia) Consular Service of the Foreign Office in 1906.

Career

Bullard held various diplomatic positions during his career:{{cite web | url=http://www.sant.ox.ac.uk/mec/MEChandlists/GB165-0042-Sir-Reader-Bullard-Collection.pdf | title=Sir Reader Bullard Collection | work=GB165-0042 | publisher=St Antony's College, Oxford, UK | accessdate=15 August 2011}}

1920: Military Governor, Baghdad, Iraq
1921: Middle East Department, Colonial Office
1923–25: Consul, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
1925–28: Consul, Athens, Greece
1928: Consul, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
1930: Consul General, Moscow, Russia
1931–34: Leningrad, Russia
1934: Rabat, Morocco
1936–39: Minister, Jedda, Saudi Arabia
1939–46: Minister and later Ambassador, Tehran, Iran

In Eastern Approaches, Fitzroy Maclean describes how Bullard and General Joseph Baillon, the Chief of Staff, requested him to kidnap a powerful Iranian. They were concerned about the influence of Fazlollah Zahedi, the general in charge of the Iranian forces in the Isfahan area, who, their intelligence told them, was stockpiling grain, liaising with German agents, and preparing an uprising. Baillon and Bullard asked Maclean to remove Zahidi alive and without creating a fuss, and so he did so. (Zahedi spent the rest of the war in British Palestine; five years later he was back in charge of the military of southern Iran, by 1953 he was prime minister.){{cite book|last1=Maclean|first1=Fitzroy|title=Eastern Approaches|date=1949}}

In 1951, Bullard became Director of the Institute of Colonial Studies in Oxford.{{cite book| title=Who's Who, 1956 | publisher=Adam and Charles Black | year=1956 | location=London | chapter=Bullard, Sir Reader (William) | edition=108th | pages=408}} In 1953, he became a member of the governing body of School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London.

Bullard was appointed Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) in 1916, Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in 1933, Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) in 1936, and Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB) in 1944. He was an Honorary Fellow of Queens' College, Cambridge, SOAS in London, and Lincoln College, Oxford.

Personal life

File:In Memoriam Bullard gravestone, Oxford.jpg, Oxford]]

In 1921, Reader Bullard married Miriam Catherine (Biddy), née Smith (1888–1973), daughter of the historian Arthur Lionel Smith, Master of Balliol College, Oxford. They had four sons and one daughter, including the diplomats Sir Giles Bullard (1926–1992) and Sir Julian Bullard (1928–2006).

Bullard retired in 1946. Towards the end of his life he lived in Plantation Road, North Oxford.{{cite book| title=Kelly's Directory of Oxford |year=1976 |publisher=Kelly's Directories |location=Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey | pages=422–423 | edition=68th | chapter=Plantation Road}}

Bullard's papers have been archived by St Antony's College, Oxford.

He was on the governing body of Abingdon School from 1951 to 1955.{{cite web |url=https://www.abingdon.org.uk/uploads/school/files/abingdonian/1961_April_V012_N002.pdf#page=36|title=Library|publisher=The Abingdonian}}

Works

Bullard published a number of books,{{cite web| url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/s/?ie=UTF8&keywords=reader+bullard | title=Books by Reader Bullard | website=Amazon UK | accessdate=15 August 2011}} including Britain and the Middle East (Hutchinson, 1951) and his autobiography The Camels Must Go: An Autobiography (Faber, 1961). The diaries that he kept during his time in the Soviet Union were published posthumously, under the title Inside Stalin's Russia (Day Books, 2000).

See also Margaret Bullard - Bootstraps: A Memoir of Reader William Bullard (MPG Books Group, 2008)