Reading Borough Council

The town of Reading was an ancient borough, being described as a borough by the time of the Domesday Book in 1086. The borough was initially controlled by Reading Abbey, but the town gradually gained a degree of independence from the abbey from the thirteenth century onwards. Following the dissolution of the abbey in 1538 the borough was granted a new charter in 1542.{{cite book |editor1-last=Ditchfield |editor1-first=P. H. |editor2-last=Page |editor2-first=William |title=A History of the County of Berkshire: Volume 3 |date=1923 |publisher=Victoria County History |location=London |pages=342–364 |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/berks/vol3/pp342-364 |access-date=28 June 2023 |chapter=The borough of Reading: The borough}}

The borough was reformed in 1836 to become a municipal borough under the Municipal Corporations Act 1835, which standardised how most boroughs operated across the country. It was then governed by a body formally called the 'mayor, aldermen and burgesses of the borough of Reading', generally known as the corporation, town council or borough council. When elected county councils were established in 1889 under the Local Government Act 1888, Reading was considered large enough to provide its own county-level services, and so it was made a county borough, independent from Berkshire County Council.{{cite web |title=Reading Municipal Borough / County Borough |url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10153384 |website=A Vision of Britain through Time |publisher=GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth |access-date=28 June 2023}}

When the town became a county borough in 1889 the borough comprised the three civil parishes of St Giles, St Laurence, and St Mary. The three civil parishes were united into a single parish called Reading in 1905 covering the same area as the borough. The borough and parish of Reading were significantly enlarged in 1911, gaining the former Caversham Urban District from Oxfordshire, and also gaining a large part of the neighbouring parish of Tilehurst.{{cite web |title=Reading Civil Parish |url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10084088 |website=A Vision of Britain through Time |publisher=GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth |access-date=28 June 2023}}

The Local Government Act 1972 reconstituted Reading as a non-metropolitan district with effect from 1 April 1974; it kept the same boundaries and its borough status, allowing the chair of the council to take the title of mayor, but there were changes to the council's responsibilities.{{cite web |title=District Councils and Boroughs |url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/written-answers/1974/mar/28/district-councils-and-boroughs#S5CV0871P0_19740328_CWA_145 |website=Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) |access-date=4 December 2021 |date=28 March 1974}} In particular, it became a lower-tier district authority, with Berkshire County Council providing county-level services in the town for the first time.{{cite legislation UK|type=si|si=The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Definition) Order 1972|year=1972|number=2039|access-date=28 June 2023}}

The county council was abolished in 1998. Reading Borough Council then became a unitary authority, taking over the former county council's functions in the borough.{{cite legislation UK|type=si|si=The Berkshire (Structural Change) Order 1996|year=1996|number=1879|access-date=31 May 2023}}

As a unitary authority, Reading Borough Council delivers all local government services in the area. There are no civil parishes in the borough, which has been an unparished area since the 1974 reforms. Since the abolition of Berkshire County Council in 1998 some county-wide functions such as the Royal Berkshire Fire and Rescue Service have been administered by joint committees of the six district councils. Reading Borough Council has adopted the committee system of governance.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 2012.

Political control of the council since the 1974 reforms took effect has been as follows:{{cite web |title=Compositions Calculator |url=https://www.electionscentre.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/composition_calc.html |access-date=26 November 2024 |website=The Elections Centre |publisher=University of Exeter}} (Put "Reading" in search box to see specific results.)

Non-metropolitan district

Unitary authority

{{also|List of mayors of Reading}}

The role of mayor is largely ceremonial in Reading. Political leadership is instead provided by the leader of the council. After local government reorganisation in 1974, the leading political role was the chair of the policy committee, which was informally called the leader of the council. The role of leader of the council was made a formal position following the Local Government Act 2000. The leaders of Reading Borough Council since 1974 have been:

Following the 2024 election, the composition of the council was:{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/ng-interactive/2024/may/02/local-elections-2024-full-council-results-for-england|title=Local elections 2024: full mayoral and council results for England|work=The Guardian}}

The next election is due in 2026.{{cite web |title=Reading |url=https://www.localcouncils.co.uk/councils/?council=reading |website=Local Councils |access-date=16 July 2024}}

{{also|Reading Borough Council elections}}

Since the last boundary changes in 2022 the council has comprised 48 councillors representing 16 wards, with each ward electing three councillors. Elections are held three years out of every four, with a third of the council (one councillor for each ward) being elected each time for a four-year term.{{cite legislation UK|type=si|si=The Reading (Electoral Changes) Order 2021|year=2021|number=108|access-date=28 June 2023}}

Reading's councillors are elected by 16 wards:{{cite web|url=https://democracy.reading.gov.uk/mgMemberIndex.aspx?FN=WARD&VW=LIST&PIC=0|title=Your councilors|publisher=Reading Borough Council|access-date=2 September 2022}}

{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}

• Abbey
• Battle
• Caversham
• Caversham Heights
• Church
• Coley
• Emmer Green
• Katesgrove
• Kentwood
• Norcot
• Park
• Redlands
• Southcote
• Thames
• Tilehurst
• Whitley

{{Div col end}}

File:Reading Town Hall Frontage.jpg: Former headquarters, still used for council's annual meeting.]]

Since 2014 the council has been based at the Civic Offices on Bridge Street.

Reading's historic Town Hall on Blagrave Street was built in phases between 1786 and 1897, and served as the headquarters of the borough council until 1976. The council's annual meeting when new mayors are appointed continues to be held at the Town Hall.{{cite web |title=Council Annual Meeting, 24 May 2023 |url=https://democracy.reading.gov.uk/ieListDocuments.aspx?CId=342&MId=5271 |website=Reading Borough Council |access-date=28 June 2023}} In 1976 the council moved to a new Civic Centre off Castle Street, adjoining other facilities including a police station, magistrates' court, and The Hexagon theatre.

File:Civic Centre, Reading - geograph.org.uk - 2769072.jpg

By 2013 the council's offices at the civic centre were deemed to be at the end of their design life. The council purchased an existing building called Plaza West on Bridge Street, which had been built in 1986 (originally being called Bridge Street Plaza).{{cite news |title=£1.3m HQ on offer |url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/ |access-date=12 February 2023 |work=Reading Evening Post |date=8 October 1986 |page=26}} The building was renamed Civic Offices and opened as the council's headquarters in 2014, with the old council offices at the civic centre being demolished shortly afterwards.{{cite news |last1=Hyde |first1=Nathan John |title=Demolition of Reading Civic Centre continues |url=https://www.getreading.co.uk/news/reading-berkshire-news/watch-demolition-reading-civic-centre-11961946 |access-date=12 February 2023 |work=Berkshire Live |date=1 October 2016}}

{{Reflist}}

• [http://www.reading.gov.uk/ Reading Borough Council official web site]
• [https://democracy.reading.gov.uk/mgMemberIndex.aspx?bcr=1 Reading Borough Council list of Councillors]
• [https://www.reading.gov.uk/the-council-and-democracy/elections-and-voting/election-results/local-election-results-5-may-2022/ Local Election Results - 5 May 2022]

{{Unitary authorities of England}}

{{Local authorities in Berkshire}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:1974 establishments in England

Category:Leader and cabinet executives

Category:Unitary authority councils of England

Category:Politics of Reading, Berkshire

Category:Local education authorities in England

Category:Local authorities in Berkshire

Category:Billing authorities in England