Real Monasterio de Santo Tomás
{{Infobox religious building
| name = Real Monasterio de Santo Tomás
| image = Avila - Convento de Santo Tomas 03.jpg
| religious_affiliation= Roman Catholic
| alt =
| caption = Interior of the church, facing the altar showing scenes from the life of Thomas Aquinas, below the monument for John, Prince of Asturias
| location = Ávila, Spain
| coordinates={{Coord|40|39|0.94|N|4|41|19.86|W|type:landmark_scale:1000_region:ES|display=inline,title}}
| functional_status = Church, museum
| patron = Thomas Aquinas
| architecture_style = {{hlist|Gothic | Renaissance}}
| designation1 = WHS
| designation1_parent = Old Town of Ávila with its Extra-Muros Churches
| designation1_date = 1985 {{small|(9th session)}}
| designation1_number = [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/348 348-011]
| designation1_criteria = {{UNESCO WHS type|(iii), (iv)}}(iii), (iv)
| designation2 = Spain
| designation2_criteria = Monument
| designation2_type = Non-movable
| designation2_date = 3 June 1931
| designation2_number = RI-51-0000381
}}
Real Monasterio de Santo Tomás (Royal Monastery of St. Thomas) is a monastery of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain in Gothic style in Ávila, Spain. It was founded in 1482, as a Dominican convent to honour Saint Thomas Aquinas (Tomás de Aquino). It became the burial place of John, Prince of Asturias.
Since the 1970s the monastic church has served as a parish church.{{Cite web |url=http://www.monasteriosantotomas.com/parroquia/ |title=La Parroquia de Santo Tomás |language=Spanish |access-date=12 December 2019}}
The site also contains a museum of natural sciences,{{cite web |url=http://www.monasteriosantotomas.com/museocc/ |work=Monasterio Santo Tomas |title=Museo de Ciencias Naturales}} and a museum of oriental art.
History
The Dominican monastery was commissioned by the Catholic Monarchs, Ferdinand and Isabella, with other funds from the royal treasurer and secretary Hernán Núñez de Arnalte and Tomás de Torquemada, the Grand Inquisitor of the Spanish Inquisition. Building began in 1482 on a site outside the walled city, and was completed already in 1493, led by Martín de Solórzano. The complex has three cloisters:
- the Claustro del Noviciado (Cloister of Novices), of great simplicity
- the Claustro del Silencio (Cloister of Silence) which is decorated with pomegranates as a symbol of the Kingdom of Granada which was incorporated into the kingdom of the Catholic Monarchs, and with symbols of the King and the Dominicans
- the Claustro de los Reyes (Cloister of the Kings), which was intended to provide accommodation for the court, but housed a university of Santo Tomás which was established at the monastery in the 16th century. Today, it houses the Museum of Oriental Art, showing art which Dominican missionaries brought to Spain from their travels in East Asia. Built in Renaissance style, it is decorated with stone balls typical of Ávila, called perlado abulense (Ávila pearl).
The main large polyptych altarpiece in the church was painted by Pedro de Berruguete, showing scenes from the life of Thomas Aquinas. The same artist also painted St Dominic presiding over an Auto da Fe for the monastery: this work is now in the Museo del Prado.{{Cite web |url=https://www.museodelprado.es/en/the-collection/art-work/saint-dominic-presiding-over-an-auto-da-fe/5564d7cb-621f-437b-b2e8-001728590173 |title=Saint Dominic presiding over an Auto da fe |website=museodelprado.es |access-date=14 December 2019}}
The monastery became the burial place for John, Prince of Asturias, the son of Queen Isabella I of Castile, and King Ferdinand II of Aragon. A marble monument below the main altar was designed by Domenico Fancelli. While the statue of the prince is still Gothic, the ornamented truncated pyramid on which he rests is in Renaissance style. The stalls in the choir are carved from walnut in Gothic style.
Conservation
The monastery was damaged during the Napoleonic invasion, and by fires in 1699 and 1936.
The monastery is protected as part of a World Heritage Site, "Old Town of Avila and its extra muros churches"; the monastery with a defined area of 1.02 ha is listed as one of ten extra muros churches (that is, outside the walled city) included in the site.{{Cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/348/multiple=1&unique_number=1562 |title=Old Town of Ávila with its Extra-Muros Churches: map showing the boundary of the property as modified in 2007 |website=whc.unesco.org |publisher=Unesco |access-date=13 December 2019}}
It is also protected by the Spanish heritage listing Bien de Interés Cultural.
Gallery
Silla abacial del coro del Monasterio de Santo Tomás (Ávila).jpg|Choir
ÁVILA 2015 (94).JPG|Monument to Prince John
Ávila Santo Tomás Claustro de los Novicios 776.jpg|Cloister of the Novitiate
Ávila, Convento de Santo Tomás-7.JPG|Cloister of Silence
Ávila. Monasterio de Santo Tomás 13.JPG|Cloister of the Catholic Monarchs
References
{{reflist
| refs =
| url = https://www.inspain.org/es/avila/avila/real-monasterio-de-santo-tomas/
| title = Royal Monastery of Santo Tomás
| website = inspain.org
| language = es
| accessdate = 4 November 2019
}}
| url = https://www.avilaturismo.com/en/what-to-see/item/424-royal-monastery-of-santo-tom%C3%A1s
| title = Royal Monastery of Santo Tomás
| website = avilaturismo.com
| accessdate = 4 November 2019
}}
}}
External links
{{Commons category|Real Monasterio de Santo Tomás (Ávila)}}
- {{official|http://www.monasteriosantotomas.com/monasterio/}}
- [http://www.arteguias.com/monasterio/realmonasteriosantotomasavila.htm Real Monasterio de Santo Tomás] (in Spanish) arteguias.com
{{authority control}}
Category:Bien de Interés Cultural landmarks in the Province of Ávila
Category:Dominican monasteries in Spain
Category:Christian monasteries established in the 1480s
Category:Museums in Castile and León