Red lunulae

Red lunulae describes erythema that either totally or partially takes the place of that structure's typical white tone.{{cite journal | last=Morrissey | first=Kelly A. | last2=Rubin | first2=Adam I. | title=Histopathology of the red lunula: new histologic features and clinical correlations of a rare type of erythronychia | journal=Journal of Cutaneous Pathology | volume=40 | issue=11 | date=2013 | issn=0303-6987 | doi=10.1111/cup.12218 | pages=972–975}} It is typically visible on the thumbnail, where the lunula is most noticeable.{{cite journal | last=Baran | first=R. | title=The Red Nail – Always Benign? | journal=Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=100 | year=2009 | issn=0001-7310 | doi=10.1016/s0001-7310(09)73175-8 | pages=106–113}}

Increased arteriolar blood flow, the vasodilatory capacitance phenomenon, and modifications to the optical characteristics of the nail plate overlaying the blood vessel, which accentuates the normal blood vessels, have all been proposed as possible causes of the red lunula.{{cite journal | last=Wilkerson | first=Michael G. | last2=Wilkin | first2=Jonathan K. | title=Red lunulae revisited: A clinical and histopathologic examination | journal=Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=20 | issue=3 | year=1989 | issn=0190-9622 | doi=10.1016/s0190-9622(89)70057-8 | pages=453–457}}{{cite journal | last=Cohen | first=Philip R. | title=Red lunulae: Case report and literature review | journal=Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=26 | issue=2 | year=1992 | issn=0190-9622 | doi=10.1016/0190-9622(92)70037-g | pages=292–294}}

Disorders associated with red lunulae include systemic lupus erythematosus, reticulosarcoma, psoriasis, hepatic cirrhosis, lymphogranuloma venereum, rheumatoid arthritis, alopecia areata, cardiac failure, and carbon monoxide poisoning.

Terry originally reported red lunulae in patients in 1954.{{cite journal | last=Terry | first=Richard | title=Red half-moons in cardiac failure | journal=The Lancet | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=264 | issue=6843 | year=1954 | issn=0140-6736 | doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(54)91932-7 | pages=842–844}}

• Lunula
• Spotted lunulae

{{reflist}}

• {{cite journal | last=Roest | first=Y | last2=Middendorp | first2=H | last3=Evers | first3=A | last4=Kerkhof | first4=P | last5=Pasch | first5=M | title=Nail Involvement in Alopecia Areata: A Questionnaire-based Survey on Clinical Signs, Impact on Quality of Life and Review of the Literature | journal=Acta Dermato Venereologica | publisher=Medical Journals Sweden AB | volume=98 | issue=2 | year=2018 | issn=0001-5555 | doi=10.2340/00015555-2810 | pages=212–217 | ref=none| hdl=2066/190317 | hdl-access=free }}
• {{cite journal | last=Jorizzo | first=Joseph L. | last2=GonzalezD | first2=Emilio B. | last3=Daniels | first3=Jerry C. | title=Red lunulae in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis | journal=Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=8 | issue=5 | year=1983 | issn=0190-9622 | doi=10.1016/s0190-9622(83)70085-x | pages=711–714 | ref=none}}

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{{Disorders of skin appendages}}

Category:Conditions of the skin appendages