Religion in Bihar

{{See also|Jainism in Bihar|Christianity in Bihar}}

Hindu Goddess Sita, the consort of Lord Rama, is believed to have been born in Sitamarhi district in the Mithila region of modern-day Bihar.{{cite web|title=Sitamarhi|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/546790/Sitamarhi|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427100105/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/546790/Sitamarhi|archive-date=27 April 2015|access-date=30 January 2015|publisher=Britannica}}{{cite web|title=History of Sitamarhi|url=http://sitamarhi.bih.nic.in/profile/index.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220171523/http://sitamarhi.bih.nic.in/profile/index.htm|archive-date=20 December 2014|access-date=30 January 2015|publisher=Official site of Sitamarhi district}} It was the Ancient Bihar that give birth to new Indic religions: Buddhism and Jainism. Gautama Buddha attained Enlightenment at Bodh Gaya, a town located in the modern day district of Gaya in Bihar. Vasupujya, the 12th Jain Tirthankara was born in Champapuri, Bhagalpur. Vardhamana Mahavira, the 24th and last Tirthankara of Jainism, was born in Vaishali around the sixth century BC.Pathak Prabhu Nath,Society and Culture in Early Bihar, Commonwealth Publishers, 1988, p. 140 Bodh Gaya in Bihar is an important pilgrimage center for the global Buddhists. The tenth Guru of the Sikhs, Guru Gobind Singh, was born here in 1666 and spent his early years here before moving to Anandpur. The Gurdwara at Patna Sahib marks the birthplace of Guru Gobind Singh.

{{See also|Demographics of Bihar}}The main religions in the Indian state of Bihar are Hinduism (practiced by 82.7% of the population) and Islam (16.9%) as of 2011.

As Per Recently Released Bihar caste-based survey 2022, Hinduism is Practised by 81.99% and Islam is Followed by 17.70%.{{cite web |last1=Joy |first1=Shemin |title=Caste survey in Bihar: OBCs, EBCs make up 63.13% of population; Gen Category 15.52% |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/bihar/bihar-releases-caste-census-details-here-2709070 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}

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File:Sun-temple DEO Aurangabad Bihar,India.jpg]]

Hinduism is the main religion of the state, being practiced by 82.7% of the total state population. The Hindu population in Bihar is 86,078,686 as of 2022 census report. Hindus are majority in all the districts in Bihar except Kishanganj. Most of the festivals stem from it. There are many variations on the festival theme. While some are celebrated all over the state, others are observed only in certain areas. But Bihar being so diverse, different regions and religions have something to celebrate at sometime or the other during the year. So festivals take place round the year.Image:Vishnupadh Temple.jpg, Gaya, Bihar}}]]On arrival in any part of this state, tourists find around them evidence of the extent to which religion enters into the daily life of the people. The calendar is strewn with festivals and fairs of different communities living together. Many of these are officially recognised by the days on which they take place being proclaimed as Government holidays.

The battle cries of the Bihar Regiment, consisting of 17 battalions, are "Jai Bajrang Bali" (Victory to Lord Hanuman).

{{Main|Hindu Pilgrimage in Bihar}}

Hindu pilgrimage sites in Bihar are as follows:{{div col|colwidth=20em}}

• Mahavir Mandir
• Sitamarhi
• Deo, Bihar
• Mundeshwari Temple
• Budhanath Temple
• Madhubani
• West Champaran
• Buxar
• Sultanganj
• Mithila region

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{{See also|Islam in Bihar}}

Islam constitutes second largest religion in Bihar. According to 2011 Indian census, there were 17,557,809 Muslims in the state.{{cite web|title=Bihar religion data|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/c-01.html}}

Image:mahabodhitemple.jpg]]

Buddhism constitutes 3rd largest religion in Bihar. As per recently released Bihar caste-based survey 2022, there were 111,247 (or 0.085%) Buddhists in the state.{{cite web |last1=Joy |first1=Shemin |title=Caste survey in Bihar: OBCs, EBCs make up 63.13% of population; Gen Category 15.52% |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/bihar/bihar-releases-caste-census-details-here-2709070 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}

The name Bihar derives from the Sanskrit word vihāra, an important institution of Buddhism meaning "abode". The land of Bihar is considered important in Buddhism as Siddhartha Gautama was said to have attained enlightenment in Bodh Gaya under the Bodhi Tree, making Bodh Gaya the holiest site in Buddhism and a key place of pilgrimage associated with the Mahabodhi Temple Complex in Bihar's Gaya district. Gautama Buddha preached many sermons in different places in Bihar, including Vaishali and Rajgir. Even after his Mahaprinirvana, disciples carried on the doctrine of Buddhism in the regions of Magadha, Bihar. Gautama Buddha's disciples opened several monasteries and universities such as Nalanda University and Vikramshila University. Magadha emperor Ashoka the Great became a Buddhist and made Buddhism the state religion, spreading its doctrine to different parts of India and abroad.

{{Main|Buddhist Pilgrimage in Bihar}}

Buddhist pilgrimages in Bihar are as follows:

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• Mahabodhi Temple
• Bodhi Tree
• Bodh Gaya
• Gaya
• Vaishali
• Pawapuri
• Nalanda
• Rajgir
• Kesariya
• Vikramashila
• Areraj
• Pataliputra

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File:Pawapuri - 001 Temple marking Mahavira's Passing (9243092471).jpg located at Pawapuri, Bihar]]

{{Main|Jainism in Bihar}}

Vardhamana Mahavira, the 24th and the last Tirthankara of Jainism, was born in Vaishali around sixth century B.C.Pathak Prabhu Nath,Society and Culture in Early Bihar, Commonwealth Publishers, 1988, pp. 140 Rajgir is birthplace of Munisuvrata, the twentieth Jain tirthankara and Pawapuri is nirvana place of Mahavira the last Jain tirthankara. Pataliputra and Vaishali is significant religious place in Jainism. Champapuri is a Jain pilgrimages where all the five kalyanaks of lord Vasupujya have taken place. The tallest statue of Jain tirthankara Vasupujya which stands 31 Feet in height was built in Champapuri in 2014. The Panch Kalyanak Pratishtha Mahotsav of the statue was done from 27 Feb to 3 Mar 2014.

{{Main|Jain Pilgrimage in Bihar }}

Jain pilgrimages in Bihar are as follows:

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• Rajgir
• Pawapuri
• Lachhuar Jain temple
• Pataliputra
• Jamui
• Arrah
• Vikramashila
• Champapuri
• Kundalpur, Bihar
• Nalanda
• Gunawa
• Mandar Hill
• Vaishali

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{{main|Christianity in Bihar}}

Padari ki haveli is a Roman Catholic church of centuries. Holy Saviour Church of Arrah is also historically important site

{{See also|Agrahari Sikh}}

The capital of Bihar, Patna, is one of the holiest cities in Sikhism. The tenth Guru of the Sikhs, Guru Gobind Singh, was born here in 1666 and spent his early years here before moving to Anandpur.{{cite book|last=Johar|first=Surinder Singh|title=Guru Gobind Singh: A Study|publisher=Marwah Publications|year=1979|pages=23}} The Gurdwara at Patna Sahib marks the birthplace of Guru Gobind Singh. Patna was visited by Guru Nanak in 1509 as well as Guru Tegh Bahadur in 1666. Takht Shri Harmandir Saheb (also known as Patna Saheb) is one of the Five Takhts of Sikhism. Guru Nanak Dev visited Patna and stayed in GaiGhat in 1509, and later same place was visited by Guru Tegh Bahadur along with his family in 1666.{{cite web|title=Historical Sikh Gurdawaras in Bihar - India|url=http://www.gurbaani.com/gurd/gurdawaras6.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100111054434/http://www.gurbaani.com/gurd/gurdawaras6.htm|archive-date=11 January 2010|access-date=2010-02-01}} Gurdwara Pahila Bara (commonly known as Gurdwara Ghai Ghat) is dedicated to these two Guru and is situated at the same holy place.

Image:Harmandir Patna.jpg, Patna}}]]Other shrines are Gurdwara Gobind Ghat[http://www.takhatpatnasahib.com/Gurdwara-Kangan-Ghat.aspx Gurdwara Gobind Ghat] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090527214504/http://www.takhatpatnasahib.com/Gurdwara-Kangan-Ghat.aspx|date=27 May 2009}} and Gurdwara Guru ka Bagh.{{cite web|title=Gurdwara Guru ka Bagh (archived copy)|url=http://www.takhatpatnasahib.com/Gurdwara-Guru-Ka-Bagh.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217005152/http://www.takhatpatnasahib.com/Gurdwara-Guru-Ka-Bagh.aspx|archive-date=17 February 2012|access-date=2012-08-15}} Gurdwara Bal Leela{{cite web|title=Gurdwara Bal Leela (archived copy)|url=http://www.takhatpatnasahib.com/Gurdwara-Bal-Leela.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090527213026/http://www.takhatpatnasahib.com/Gurdwara-Bal-Leela.aspx|archive-date=27 May 2009|access-date=2010-02-01}} is directly related to the childhood of Guru Gobind Singh. Gurdwara Handi Sahib was built in the memory of Guru Teg Bahadur, who stayed here in 1666 with Mata Gujri and Bala Preetam.[http://www.takhatpatnasahib.com/Gurdwara-Haandi-Saheb.aspx Gurdwara Handi Sahib] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090527214459/http://www.takhatpatnasahib.com/Gurdwara-Haandi-Saheb.aspx|date=27 May 2009}}

After the partition of India in 1947, many Sikhs came to Patna.[http://www.engr.mun.ca/~asharan/bihar/sikhism.html "The Sikhism"] The total population of Sikhs in Bihar is only 20,780. Most of Bihari Sikhs are Nanakpanthi. Most of the Sikhs are residing in Patna and mainly they are self-employed or in business.

{{Main| Sikh Pilgrimage in Bihar}}

Sikh pilgrimages in Bihar are as follows:

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• Takht Shri Harmandir Saheb
• Guru ka Bagh
• Ghai Ghat
• Handi Sahib
• Gobind Ghat
• Bal Lila Maini
• Guru Bagh

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{{see also|Baháʼí Faith in India}}

In 2012, plans were announced for the construction of a local Baháʼí Faith House of Worship in Bihar Sharif.{{cite news|title=Plans to build new Houses of Worship announced|url=http://news.bahai.org/story/906|access-date=25 March 2016|publisher=Baha'i World News Service|date=22 April 2012}} This would be the second Baháʼí House of Worship in India (the first being the well-known Lotus Temple in Delhi),{{cite news|title=Iconic "Lotus Temple" focus of worldwide campaign|url=http://news.bahai.org/story/856|access-date=25 March 2016|publisher=Baháʼí World News Service|date=6 October 2011}} and one of the first two local Baháʼí Houses of Worship in Asia (the other being in Battambang, Cambodia).

In 2013, the Baháʼí World Centre released an hour-and-a-half-long video in five languages entitled Frontiers of Learning, showing Baháʼí community-building activities in four cities from different continents, the fourth of which is Bihar Sharif.{{cite web|title=Frontiers of Learning|url=http://www.bahai.org/frontiers/|website=Bahai.org|access-date=26 March 2016}}

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Sarnaism has a presence among the tribal populations.

• Religion in India

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{{Bihar}}

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Category:Religion in the British Empire