Republic of Noli

{{Infobox country

| conventional_long_name = Republic of Noli

| native_name = {{native name|it|Repubblica di Noli}}
{{native name|lij|Repubbrica de Nöi}}

| common_name = Noli

| image_flag = Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Noli.svg

| flag = Flag of Noli

| image_coat = Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Republic_of_Noli.svg

| symbol = Coat of arms of Noli

| image_map = Savona_and_Noli_1100s-1200s.png

| image_map_caption = Location of the Republic of Noli

| image_map2 = Mappa delle Repubbliche marinare italiane con stemmi civici.svg

| map_caption2 = Location of Noli in Italy, depicted along with other maritime republics

| era = {{ubl|Middle Age|Renaissance|Early Modern Age}}

| government_type = Aristocratic oligarchic republic (City-state)

| year_start = 1192

| population_estimate = 1,500 in the 18th centuryVV, Noli percorsi storici, p. 20

| status = De facto protectorate of the Republic of Genoa from 1202 to 1797

| year_end = 1797

| event_pre = City established

| event_start = Established through decree by Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor

| date_start = 7 August

| event_end = Annexation by the Ligurian Republic

| date_end = 2 December

| p1 = Marquisate of Finale

| flag_p1 = Flag of the Marquisate of Finale (12th century-1602).svg

| s1 = Ligurian Republic

| flag_s1 = Flag of Genoa.svg

| religion = Roman Catholic

| capital = Noli

| common_languages = {{ubl|Ligurian|Latin|Italian}}

| title_leader = Podestà as Head of state

| today = Italy

}}

The Republic of Noli ({{langx|it|Repubblica di Noli}}; {{langx|lij|Repubbrica de Nöi}}) was an Italian maritime republic that was centred on the city of Noli, in Liguria, and existed from 1192 to 1797. The area is now in the province of Savona, Italy. To protect itself from possible attacks and invasions by Savona and Marquisate of Finale, Noli allied in 1202 with the Republic of Genoa in a sort of protectorate, in fact, documents of the time show that the relationship was equal and not one of submission.{{Cite book|last=De Negri|first=Teofilo Ossian|title=Storia di Genova: Mediterraneo, Europa, Atlantico|publisher=Aldo Martello Editore|pages=320|language=it}} The alliance allowed the Republic of Noli to have such growing importance that in 1239, a diocese was established there by Pope Gregory IX.

History

The Republic of Noli was founded in 1192. After 10 years of existence, the small maritime republic allied itself with the larger and more powerful neighbouring Genoese Republic, which gave Noli the status of a Genoese protectorate until its dissolution in 1797. Throughout its history Noli was ruled by a Podestà.{{Cite book |last=Vivaldo |first=Lorenzo |title=Storia di Noli |year=1994 |pages=34 |language=italian}} It survived for 605 years before it was annexed by Napoleon in 1797.{{sfn|Facaros|Pauls|2006|p=112}}

Economy

Despite its small size, Noli's good shipyard and harbour allowed them to become a commercial power.{{sfn|Flag Institute|}} They had good trade relations with Genoa, as they only had to pay one penny to be allowed to trade in Genoa, whereas the Spanish had to pay 60 pennies to be allowed to trade.{{sfn|Epstein|2001|p=39}}

Military

Noli's efficient shipyard allowed them to become somewhat of a naval power, despite its small size.{{sfn|Flag Institute|}} The alliance with Genoa afforded it much protection, especially as Genoa used Noli's port to shelter their ships.{{sfn|Finley|2001|p=120}}

It is known that during a conflict with Savona, Noli sacked the town of Spotorno, which was owned by them, in 1227.{{sfn|Whitehouse|2016|p=201}}

Foreign relations

In 1202, Noli was threatened by the County of Savona. In response, Noli formed a confederation with the powerful Republic of Genoa.{{sfn|Finley|2001|p=120}}{{sfn|Facaros|Pauls|2006|p=112}} Noli kept this alliance until they were dissolved in 1797.{{sfn|Flag Institute|}}

Flag

The flag of Noli was first created in the 13th century, with a white cross and a red background, the exact opposite of Genoa's flag. Many of the merchant ships of Noli chose to fly under the Genoese flag, as it commanded much more respect.{{sfn|Flag Institute|}}

Religion

In 1239, the Pope appointed a bishop to Noli.{{sfn|Whitehouse|2016|p=202}}

References

Sources

{{cite book|last1=Epstein|first1=Steven A.|title=Genoa & the Genoese, 958–1528|date=2001|publisher=The University of North Carolina Press|location=Chapel Hill|isbn=9780807849927}}
{{cite book|last1=Facaros|first1=Dana|last2=Pauls|first2=Michael|title=Italian Riviera & Piemonte|date=2006|publisher=Cadogan Guides|location=London|isbn=9781860113086}}
{{cite book|last1=Finley|first1=Amy|title=Adventure guide the Italian Riviera San Remo, Portofino, Genoa|date=2001|publisher=Hunter Publishing, Inc.|location=Edison, New Jersey|isbn=9781588435774}}
{{cite book|last1=Whitehouse|first1=Rosie|title=Liguria|date=2016|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|isbn=9781784770105}}

Links

{{cite web|last1=Breschi|first1=Roberto|title=Small and Very Small States in Italy that Lasted Beyond 1700 - A Vexillological Survey|url=https://www.flaginstitute.org/pdfs/Roberto%20Breschi.pdf|website=Flaginstitute.org|access-date=24 March 2017|ref=CITEREFFlag Institute}}

Category:Maritime republics