Retroculus

{{Short description|Genus of fishes}}

{{Automatic_taxobox

| image = Retroculus lapidifer Castelnau.jpg

| image_caption = Retroculus lapidifer

| taxon = Retroculus

| parent_authority = Kullander, 1998

| display_parents = 3

| authority = C. H. Eigenmann & W. L. Bray, 1894

| type_species = Retroculus boulengeri

| type_species_authority = Eigenmann & Bray, 1894

}}

Retroculus is a genus of cichlids native to tropical South America, where three are native to rivers in southeastern Amazon Basin in Brazil, while the final is native to rivers in Amapá (Brazil) and French Guiana. It is the sole genus included in the subfamily Retroculinae, although some authorities classify this as a tribe, Retroculini, of the subfamily Cichlinae.{{cite journal | author1 = Wm. Leo Smith | author2 = Prosanta Chakrabarty | author3 = John S. Sparks | year=2008 | title = Phylogeny, taxonomy, and evolution of Neotropical cichlids (Teleostei: Cichlidae: Cichlinae) | url = http://static1.squarespace.com/static/54a3679de4b0d88dbda40971/t/54a3aa48e4b01142025f09fc/1420012104511/20_SmithetalCichlinae.pdf | journal = Cladistics | volume = 24 | issue = 5 | pages = 624–641}} These rheophilic cichlids are superficially similar to Geophagus.