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Rhaphidophora

{{Short description|Genus of plants}}

{{About|the plant in family Araceae|the camel cricket in subfamily Rhaphidophorinae|Rhaphidophora (insect)}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = RhaphidophoradecursivaRBG1.jpg

| image_caption = Rhaphidophora neglecta

| display_parents = 2

| taxon = Rhaphidophora

| authority = Hassk.

| synonyms_ref = [http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/synonomy.do?name_id=177693 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]

| synonyms = *Raphidophora Hassk.

  • Afrorhaphidophora Engl.

}}

Rhaphidophora is a genus in the family Araceae, occurring from tropical Africa eastwards through Malesia and Australasia to the Western Pacific. The genus consists of approximately 100 species.

Description

This is a genus of evergreen, robust, climbing plants. The flowers are bisexual, lacking a perianth. The spathe is shed after flowering. The ovules number eight or more and are superposed on two (rarely 3) parietal placentas of the ovary. The flowers produce many, ellipsoid, straight seeds with a brittle and smooth outer coat (testa).

These are hemiepiphytes, plants capable of beginning life as a seed and sending roots to the soil, or beginning as a terrestrial plant that climbs a tree and then sends roots back to the soil. In rare cases they are terrestrial rheophytes (plants that grow in fast-flowing water).

Their bast fibers have typically abundant, long and slender trichosclereids, merging with the fibers of the sclerenchyma. If the blade of the leaf is torn, many hairs become apparent. The leaf stalks bend abruptly at their top. The leaf margin is entire. The leaves are pinnatifid to pinnatisect (cut with deep opposite lobing). The leaf venation is parallel (with veins running parallel for the length of the leaf), pinnate (one mid-vein with smaller veins branching off laterally) to reticulate (feather-veined).

Heterotypic synonyms

  • Raphidophora Hassk., Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 9: 168 (1842), orth. var.
  • Afrorhaphidophora Engl. in H.G.A.Engler & K.A.E.Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., Nachtr. 3: 31 (1906).

Taxonomy

Research on the chloroplast DNA sequence data (trnL-F) has shown that Rhaphidophora and Epipremnum are paraphyletic, forming three informal groups with other genera of the paraphyletic tribe Monstereae. This may result in taxonomic changes in this genus.{{cite journal |author1=TAM Sheh-May |author2=BOYCE Peter C. |author3=UPSON Tim M. |author4=BARABE Denis |author5=BRUNEAU Anne |author6=FOREST Felix |author7=PARKER John S. | title=Intergeneric and infrafamilial phylogeny of subfamily Monsteroideae (Araceae) revealed by chloroplast trnL-F sequences| journal=American Journal of Botany| year=2004| volume=91| issue=3| pages=490–498| doi=10.3732/ajb.91.3.490 | pmid=21653404| doi-access=free }} The genera Rhaphidophora, Epipremnum, and Monstera are poorly differentiated.

One cultivar, Rhaphidophora excelsa `Exotica' has been recognized.[http://www.aroid.org/cultivars/index.html Aroid cultivar registry] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514110631/http://www.aroid.org/cultivars/index.html |date=2008-05-14 }}

File:Shingle Plant.JPG|Rhaphidophora korthalsii

File:Rhaphiodophora pertusa-BSI-yercaud-salem-India.JPG|Raphidophora pertusa

File:Rhaphidophora cryptantha P4218402.jpg|Rhaphidophora cryptantha

File:Raphidorphora decursiva (14617626995).jpg|Raphidorphora decursiva

Species

The following is a list of all 105 species accepted by Plants of the World Online {{As of|2024|03|30|lc=y}}:{{R|POWO}}

{{Columns-list|colwidth=28em|

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References

{{Reflist|28em|refs=

{{cite web |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2892-1 |title=Rhaphidophora Hassk. |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |year=2024 |access-date=30 March 2024}}

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  • {{cite journal | author=Boyce, P.C.| title=The genus Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore| journal=Singapore Gardens Bulletin| year=1999| volume=51| pages=183–256}}
  • {{cite journal | author=Boyce, P.C.| title=The genus Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in the southern and western Indonesian archipelago| journal=Singapore Gardens Bulletin| year=2000| volume=52| pages=101–183}}
  • {{cite journal |author1=Boyce, P.C. |author2=Bogner J. |name-list-style=amp | title=An account of neotenic species of Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in New Guinea and Australia| journal=Singapore Gardens Bulletin| year=2000| volume=52| pages=89–100}}
  • {{cite journal | author=Boyce, P.C.| title=The genus Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in the Philippines| journal=Singapore Gardens Bulletin| year=2000| volume=52| pages=213–256}}
  • {{cite journal | author=Boyce, P.C.| title=The genus Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in Borneo| journal=Singapore Gardens Bulletin| year=2001| volume=53| pages=19–75}}
  • {{cite journal | author=Boyce, P.C.| title=The genus Rhaphidophora Hassk. (Araceae-Monsteroideae-Monstereae) in New Guinea, Australia and the tropical Western Pacific| journal=Singapore Gardens Bulletin| year=2001| volume=53| pages=77–187}}

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Category:Araceae genera

Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot