Rhus glabra

Smooth sumac has a spreading, open habit, growing up to {{convert|3|m|frac=2}} tall.{{Cite book |last1=Turner |first1=Mark |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VLbAAwAAQBAJ |title=Trees & Shrubs of the Pacific Northwest |last2=Kuhlmann |first2=Ellen |date=2014 |publisher=Timber Press |isbn=978-1-60469-263-1 |edition=1st |location=Portland, OR |pages=370}} The bark is smooth and gray to brown.

The leaves are alternate, {{Convert|30–50|cm}} long, compound with 11–31 oppositely paired leaflets. Each leaflet is {{cvt|5–13|cm|frac=4}} long, with a serrated margin. The leaves turn scarlet in the fall.

The species is dioecious. The flowers are tiny, green, produced in dense erect panicles {{convert|10–25|cm|abbr=on|frac=2}} tall, in the spring, later followed by large panicles of edible crimson berries that remain throughout the winter. The buds are small, covered with brown hair and borne on fat, hairless twigs.

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It is native to North America, from southern Quebec west to southern British Columbia in Canada, and south to northern Florida and Arizona in the United States and Tamaulipas in northeastern Mexico.

It can be found in a wide variety of habitats, from streambanks to dry and montane slopes.

In late summer it sometimes forms galls on the underside of leaves, caused by the parasitic sumac leaf gall aphid, Melaphis rhois. The galls are not harmful to the tree.

Native Americans ate the young sprouts as a salad.{{cite book|last=Little|first=Elbert L.|title=The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees: Eastern Region|publisher=Knopf|location=New York|year=1980|isbn=0-394-50760-6|page=549}} The fruit is sour and contains a large seed, but can be chewed (to alleviate thirst) and made into a lemonade-like drink. Deer forage the twigs and fruit.{{cite book |last=Little |first=Elbert L. |title=The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees: Western Region |year=1994 |orig-year=1980 |publisher=Knopf |isbn=0394507614 |edition=Chanticleer Press|page=519}}

In 2020, archaeologists unearthed a pipe at a dig in Central Washington state, showing chemical evidence that a Native American tribe had smoked R. glabra either alone or in a blend with tobacco, perhaps "for its medicinal qualities and to improve the flavor of smoke".[https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2020.00133/full An Ancient Residue Metabolomics-Based Method to Distinguish Use of Closely Related Plant Species in Ancient Pipes]

{{Reflist}}

{{Commons|Rhus glabra}}

• [http://bioimages.vanderbilt.edu/tsn/28782 Bioimages: Rhus glabra]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20110616080116/http://enature.com/fieldguides/detail.asp?allSpecies=y&searchText=sumac&curGroupID=10&lgfromWhere=&curPageNum=4 Smooth Sumac on eNature]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20080221001550/http://www.kswildflower.org/details.php?flowerID=109 Smooth Sumac of] Kansas
• [http://bioimages.vanderbilt.edu/pages/invasive-plants.htm Identifying Invasive Plants] Detailed photos to distinguish Smooth Sumac from similar plants
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20081012071508/http://mdc.mo.gov/nathis/exotic/vegman/twentyfo.htm Vegetation Management Guideline] Control Recommendations
• [https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/06/200626114814.htm Non-tobacco plant identified in ancient pipe for first time]

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glabra

Category:Flora of Northern America

Category:Plants used in traditional Native American medicine

Category:Plants described in 1753

Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus

Category:Plants used in Native American cuisine

Category:Flora of the North-Central United States

Category:Flora of the Southeastern United States