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Richard "the Iron" Bourke

{{Short description|Irish chieftain, noble and 18th Mac William Íochtar (d.1583)}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}

{{Use Hiberno-English|date=November 2021}}

{{Infobox person

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| name = Richard Bourke
18th Mac William Íochtar

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| native_name = Risdeárd an Iarainn Búrca

| native_name_lang = Irish

| image = File:Arms of Bourke of Mayo.svg

| image_size = 200px

| caption = Arms of Bourke of Mayo{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Bernard |author-link=Bernard Burke |url=http://archive.org/details/generalarmoryofe00burk |title=The General Armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time |date=1884 |publisher=Harrison & Sons |location=London |others=University of California Libraries}}

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| death_date = 1583

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Richard "the Iron" Bourke (Irish: Risdeárd an Iarainn Bourke; {{IPAc-en|lang|b|ɜːr|k}}; {{respell|BURK}}; d. 1583), 18th Mac William Íochtar (Lower Mac William), was an Irish chieftain and noble.

Background

Bourke was a son of David de Búrca, 15th Mac William Íochtar, by his second wife, Finola Ni Flaithbertaigh. He succeeded his cousin, Seaán mac Oliver (John) Bourke, 17th Mac William Íochtar (d.1580), a great-grandson of Ricard Ó Cuairsge Bourke, 7th Mac William Íochtar (d.1479).

In English, he was known as Richard Bourke, or "Iron Richard". In medieval Ireland, Richard was a rare name, most found in Norman-origin families like the Bourkes. Richard was second husband to Grace O'Malley. He was the father of several children, including Tibbot ne Long Bourke, 1st Viscount Mayo (23rd Mac William Íochtar) and Nora Bourke (Honoria de Burgo), a lay Dominican Sister who founded a convent close to Burrishoole Friary, County Mayo. Honoria died while attempting to escape from Cromwellian soldiers in 1652.

During the uneven anglicisation of Ireland in the 16th century, by the policy of "Surrender and regrant", Richard signed an agreement with the Crown in 1581 which uniquely left him in autonomous control of his part of County Mayo.{{Cite web|title=Burke (de Burgh), Sir Richard (Risdeard an Iarainn, Richard an Iron, 'Iron Dick') {{!}} Dictionary of Irish Biography|url=https://www.dib.ie/biography/burke-de-burgh-sir-richard-risdeard-iarainn-richard-iron-iron-dick-a1174|access-date=2021-12-21|website=www.dib.ie}}

Richard was succeeded, as Mac William Íochtar, by his predecessor's brother, Richard Bourke, 19th Mac William Íochtar (d.1586).{{Cite book |editor-last=Moody |editor-first=T. W. |editor-link=T. W. Moody |editor-last2=Martin |editor-first2=F. X. |editor-link2=F. X. Martin |editor-last3=Byrne |editor-first3=F. J. |editor-link3=Francis John Byrne |title=A New History of Ireland: IX: Maps, Genealogies, Lists, A Companion to Irish History, Part II |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |year=1989 |isbn=978-0-19-959306-4 |pages=235–36 |language=en}}

Genealogy

{{hidden begin|border=1px #aaa solid|title=Mac William Íochtar Genealogy|ta1=center}}

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See also

References

=Citations=

{{reflist}}

=Bibliography=

  • {{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Bernard |author-link=Bernard Burke |url=http://archive.org/details/generalarmoryofe00burk |title=The General Armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time |date=1884 |publisher=Harrison & Sons |location=London |others=University of California Libraries}}
  • {{cite book |last=Knox |first=Hubert T. |author-link=Hubert T. Knox |year=1908 |title=The History of the County of Mayo to the close of the sixteenth century |pages=395 |location=Dublin |publisher=Hodges, Figgis and Company |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofcountyo00knox/page/395/mode/2up |language=en}}
  • {{Cite book |editor-last=Moody |editor-first=T. W. |editor-link=T. W. Moody |editor-last2=Martin |editor-first2=F. X. |editor-link2=F. X. Martin |editor-last3=Byrne |editor-first3=F. J. |editor-link3=Francis John Byrne |title=A New History of Ireland: IX: Maps, Genealogies, Lists, A Companion to Irish History, Part II |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |year=1989 |isbn=978-0-19-959306-4 |language=en}}
  • Lower Mac William and Viscounts of Mayo, 1332-1649, pp. 235–36.
  • {{Cite web|title=Burke (de Burgh), Sir Richard (Risdeard an Iarainn, Richard an Iron, 'Iron Dick') {{!}} Dictionary of Irish Biography|url=https://www.dib.ie/biography/burke-de-burgh-sir-richard-risdeard-iarainn-richard-iron-iron-dick-a1174|access-date=2021-12-21|website=www.dib.ie}}

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{{succession box |

before=Seaán mac Oliver Bourke|

title=Mac William Iochtar|

after=Richard Bourke|

years=1580–1582}}

{{s-end}}

{{Kingdom of Ireland|state=collapsed}}

{{Portal bar|Ireland|England |Biography|Politics}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bourke, Richard the Iron}}

Category:Nobility from County Mayo

Category:16th-century Irish people

Category:1583 deaths

Richard the Iron

Category:Year of birth unknown

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