River Derwent, Cumbria

{{Short description|River in Cumbria, England}}

{{For|other rivers called Derwent|River Derwent (disambiguation)}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}

{{More citations needed|date=October 2013}}

{{Infobox river

| name = River Derwent

| native_name =

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| image = Grange Bridge. - geograph.org.uk - 1514352.jpg

| image_size = 270

| image_caption = Derwent at Grange Bridge

| map =

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| pushpin_map = United Kingdom Cumbria

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| pushpin_map_caption= Location of the mouth within Cumbria

| subdivision_type1 = Country

| subdivision_name1 = United Kingdom

| subdivision_type2 = Country within the UK

| subdivision_name2 = England

| subdivision_type3 = Counties

| subdivision_name3 = Cumbria

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| discharge1_location= Workington

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| source1 = Styhead Tarn

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| source1_coordinates= {{Coord|54.478|-3.220|region:GB_type:waterbody}}

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| mouth =

| mouth_location = Irish Sea at Workington

| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|54|38|58|N|3|34|8|W|display=inline,title}}

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| tributaries_left = River Cocker, River Marron

| tributaries_right = River Greta

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The Derwent is a famous river in the county of Cumbria in the north of England; it rises in the Lake District and flows northwards through two of its principal lakes, before turning sharply westward to enter the Irish Sea at Workington

The name Derwent is shared with three other English rivers and is thought to be derived from a Celtic word for "oak trees"{{cite book|author=David Mills|title=A Dictionary of British Place-Names|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tXucAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA139|date=20 October 2011|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-960908-6|page=152}} (an alternative is dour "water" and (g)-went "white / pure".See under; DUR ' http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~pbtyc/Misc/Etymology.html The river's Old Welsh name was Derwennydd and it is believed to be to be the setting of the medieval Welsh lullaby Dinogad's Smock.{{cite book |last1=Gruffydd |first1=R. G. |editor1-last=Matonis |editor1-first=A. T. E. |editor2-last=Melia |editor2-first=D. F. |title=Celtic Language, Celtic Culture: A Festschrift for Eric P. Hamp |date=1990 |publisher=Van Nuys |location=California |pages=261–266 |chapter=Where was Rhaeadr Derwennydd (Canu Aneirin line 1114)?}}

The river rises at Sprinkling Tarn underneath Great End and flows in a northerly direction through the valley of Borrowdale, before entering Derwentwater, which it exits to the north just outside Keswick and is joined by the waters of the River Greta. The Derwent then enters Bassenthwaite Lake at its southern end; it exits it at its northern end, thereafter flowing generally westward to Cockermouth, where the River Cocker joins it from the south. William Wordsworth's childhood home in Cockermouth backed onto the Derwent, and he briefly mentions it in The Prelude:

... the bright blue river passed
along the terrace of our childhood walk;

A tempting playmate whom we dearly loved)[http://www.bartleby.com/145/ww287.html Wordsworth, William. 1888. Complete Poetical Works]. Bartleby.com. Retrieved on 2014-04-12.

From Cockermouth, the river continues westward past Papcastle, site of the Roman fort of Derventio, is joined by the River Marron near Bridgefoot and continues and onwards to Workington, where it flows into the Irish Sea.

The River Derwent was officially named by Sir Braelyn Smith in 1634 after he laid claim to the baronies of Allerdale.