Robert Abrams

{{short description|American lawyer and politician|bot=PearBOT 5}}

{{Infobox officeholder

| name = Robert Abrams

| office = Attorney General of New York

| order = 60th

| term_start = January 1, 1979

| term_end = December 31, 1993

| governor = Hugh Carey
Mario Cuomo

| predecessor = Louis Lefkowitz

| successor = Oliver Koppell

| office2 = 9th Borough President of The Bronx

| term_start2 = January 1, 1970

| term_end2 = December 31, 1978

| predecessor2 = Herman Badillo

| successor2 = Stanley Simon

| office3 = Member of the New York State Assembly

| constituency3 = 89th district (1966)
81st district (1967–1969)

| term_start3 = January 1, 1966

| term_end3 = December 31, 1969

| predecessor3 = John T. Satriale

| successor3 = Alan Hochberg

| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1938|7|4}}

| birth_place = Bronx, New York, U.S.

| nationality = American

| party = Democratic

| spouse = Diane Schulder Abrams

| residence =

| alma_mater = Columbia College
New York University

| occupation = Lawyer

| website = {{URL|https://www.luckiestguyintheworldbobabrams.com/|Website}}

| footnotes =

| children = 2

| image = Abrams Bob .jpg

}}

Robert Abrams (born July 4, 1938) is an American attorney and politician. He served as the attorney general of New York from 1979 to 1993 and was the Democratic nominee for the 1992 United States Senate election in New York.

Early life and education

Abrams was born in The Bronx, New York, in a Jewish family, the son of Benjamin and Dorothy Abrams. He has one sister, Marlene (Abrams) Kitrosser. He graduated from Columbia College and the New York University School of Law.

Career

= New York State Assembly =

Abrams launched his political career as a 27-year-old insurgent challenging his local assemblyman and the Bronx Democratic machine in a Democratic primary in September 1965. Abrams was a member of the New York State Assembly from 1966 to 1969, sitting in the 176th, 177th and 178th New York State Legislatures.{{cite book |title=New York Red Book, 1986 Edition |publisher=Williams Press}}

= Bronx Borough President =

File:Soundview Abrams, Bronx Borough President (NYPL b11524053-1253146).tiff

From 1970 to 1978, he was borough president of the Bronx and a member of the New York City Board of Estimate, having been elected in 1969{{cite news |last1=Ronan |first1=Thomas P. |title=Incumbent Borough President Win; Abrams Bronx Victor |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/11/05/archives/incumbent-borough-president-win-abrams-bronx-victor.html |work=The New York Times |date=November 5, 1969}} and overwhelmingly re-elected in 1973 and 1977.

He was a delegate to the 1972, 1976, 1980 and 1984 Democratic National Conventions. At the 1972 Democratic National Convention, he was the co-chair of the New York delegation{{cite news |last1=Lynn |first1=Frank |title=Confusion Marks Caucus |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/07/15/archives/confusion-marks-caucus-new-york-delegates-fail-to-fill-committee.html |work=New York Times |date=July 15, 1972}} and was at the microphone to cast New York's 267 votes for George McGovern. In 1980, he was the chairman of Senator Edward M. Kennedy's primary campaign for president in New York {{cite news |title="Kennedy's Upset Over Carter Aided by Jewish Voters" |url=https://www.jta.org/archive/kennedys-upset-victory-over-carter-aided-by-major-role-of-jewish-voters |publisher=Jewish Telegraphic Agency |date=March 27, 1980}} and led a strong victory over incumbent President Jimmy Carter.{{cite news |last1=Schram |first1=Martin |title=Kennedy Upsets Carter in N.Y., Conn. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/03/26/kennedy-upsets-carter-in-ny-conn/b76b3a04-ba0b-4110-8e3b-d407d472eb55/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=March 26, 1980}} In 1988, he was a presidential elector, voting for Michael Dukakis{{ndash}}Lloyd Bentsen ticket.

= New York Attorney General =

Abrams was elected New York Attorney General in 1978, the first time in forty years a Democrat was elected to that post, and was subsequently re-elected three times, in 1982, 1986 and 1990. He defeated future Republican Rep Peter King in his 1986 re-election campaign for Attorney General.{{cite news |last1=Kiernan |first1=John |title=chumer runs low-profile race in New York |url=https://libn.com/2004/10/29/schumer-runs-lowprofile-race-in-new-york/ |publisher=Long Island Business News |date=October 29, 2004}} Abrams built a reputation as an activist and consumer advocate, taking on environmental polluters, charity frauds, discrimination in housing and various activities in the marketplace. He is also well-known for the manner in which he sensitively and professionally handled an extremely difficult assignment, that of Special Prosecutor investigating the claims of Tawana Brawley.{{cite news |last1=McFadden |first1=Robert D. |title=BRAWLEY MADE UP STORY OF ASSAULT, GRAND JURY FINDS |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/10/07/nyregion/brawley-made-up-story-of-assault-grand-jury-finds.html |work=New York Times |date=October 7, 1988}} Governor Mario Cuomo directed him in 1988 to investigate the claims of Brawley, a black teenager, that she had been abducted and raped in upstate Dutchess County by a gang of whites. A lengthy grand jury inquiry supervised by Abrams' office later concluded that she had fabricated her story.{{cite news |last1=Purdum |first1=Todd S. |title=Attorney General Abrams to Quit To Join a Law Firm in Manhattan |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/09/09/nyregion/attorney-general-abrams-to-quit-to-join-a-law-firm-in-manhattan.html |work=New York Times |date=September 9, 1993}}

During his tenure as attorney general, Abrams received numerous awards and honors and earned national prominence rarely achieved by a state-level official. He was elected president of the National Association of Attorneys General after serving as chairman of its Environment, Civil Rights and Anti-Trust Committees and was selected by his colleagues to receive the coveted Wyman Award as Outstanding Attorney General in the Nation.{{cite web |url=https://www.stroock.com/people/rabrams |website=Stroock, Stroock & Lavan|title=Robert Abrams }} He was awarded honorary Doctor of Law degrees from Yeshiva University,{{cite news |last1=Rule |first1=Sheila |title="Soviet Dissident Given Document by Yeshiva U" |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/06/05/nyregion/soviet-dissident-given-document-by-yeshiva-u.html |agency=The New York Times |date=June 5, 1984}} Hofstra University,{{cite web |title=Honorary Degree Recipients |url=https://www.hofstra.edu/about/honorary-degrees.html |website=Hofstra.edu |publisher=Hofstra University}} Long Island University and Pace University.{{cite web |url=https://law.pace.edu/commencement |access-date=28 August 2023 |title=Commencement |website=law.pace.edu |publisher=Pace University}}

= 1992 U.S. Senate election =

In 1992, he sought election to the United States Senate, to challenge Republican Senator Al D'Amato. He won the Democratic Primary, defeating former Congresswoman Geraldine Ferraro, Rev. Al Sharpton, and New York City Comptroller Elizabeth Holtzman. Abrams was initially the front-runner but by the end of the summer he was running second to Ferraro in polls. The nomination battle then took a bitter turn, particularly Holtzman and Abrams' attack on Ferraro's questionable business dealings including links with organized crime members including Gambino crime family soldier Robert DiBernardo, which Ferraro interpreted as anti-Italian slurs. After Abrams emerged as the nominee, the Democrats remained divided and he was unable to secure Ferraro's endorsement until the last days of the campaign. Abrams was also criticized for calling D'Amato a Fascist, and he narrowly lost the general election as a result of these controversies.{{cite web|url=http://www.salon.com/2011/03/26/geraldine_ferraro/|title=The fate that Geraldine Ferraro didn't deserve|first=Steve|last=Kornacki|website=Salon|date=27 March 2011 }}{{cite web|url=https://www.lewrockwell.com/1970/01/murray-n-rothbard/the-bringing-down-of-liz-holtzman/|title=The Bringing Down of Liz Holtzman - LewRockwell LewRockwell.com}}

After narrowly losing the Senate race, despite making plans to run for re-election as state attorney general, Abrams announced his resignation from the office of attorney general on September 8, 1993, to take effect on December 31. He had a year left in his term.

=Later career=

Upon leaving government, Abrams joined the now-defunct Stroock & Stroock & Lavan as a partner. He has remained active in civic affairs in New York.[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE1DB1138F93AA3575AC0A965958260 Attorney General Abrams to Quit To Join a Law Firm in Manhattan]. New York Times. September 9, 1993. In 1996, the New York University School of Law established an annual lecture program, the Attorney General Robert Abrams Public Service Lecture whereby each year a prominent public figure who has performed exemplary public service addresses the students, faculty and alumni of the law school to urge students to consider all or a portion of their career to be dedicated to public service.{{cite news |last1=Brozan |first1=Nadine |title=Chronicle |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/09/08/style/chronicle-003360.html |work=New York Times |date=September 8, 1997}} During the ensuing 25 years, United States senators, governors, attorneys general and judges have appeared as guests, including United States Senators Joe Lieberman from Connecticut, Heidi Heitkamp from North Dakota, Tom Udall from New Mexico, Vermont Chief Justice Jeffrey Amestoy, Governors Jim Doyle of Wisconsin, Mike Easley of North Carolina, Ted Kulongoski of Oregon, and attorneys general Karl Racine of Washington, D.C., Josh Shapiro of Pennsylvania, and Letitia James of New York.

New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg appointed Abrams in 2005 to serve on the New York City Charter Revision Commission.{{cite news |last1=Hu |first1=Winnie |title=Bloomberg Names Charter Panel on the Judiciary and the Budget |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/08/20/nyregion/bloomberg-names-charter-panel-on-the-judiciary-and-the-budget.html |work=New York Times |date=August 20, 2004}} In 2006, New York Governor-Elect Eliot Spitzer appointed Abrams to serve as co-chair of his Policy Advisory Committee on Governmental Reform for his Transition,{{cite news |last1=Confessore |first1=Nicholas |title=Spitzer Names Policy Advisers for Transition to Governor |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/17/nyregion/spitzer-names-policy-advisers-for-transition-to-governor.html |work=New York Times |date=November 17, 2006}} and New York Attorney General-Elect Andrew Cuomo appointed him Executive Chair of his Transition Committee.{{cite news |last1=Rivera |first1=Elaine |title=Cuomo Announces Transition Team |url=https://www.wnyc.org/story/82152-cuomo-announces-transition-team/ |publisher=WNYC News |date=November 20, 2006}} In 2008, New York Governor David Paterson appointed Abrams to serve on the Board of the United Nations Development Corporation.{{cite web |title=United Nations Development Corporation |url=https://undc.org/bod_alt.html}} On May 9, 2009, New York Governor David Paterson renamed the Justice Building at the Empire State Plaza in Albany the Robert Abrams Building for Law and Justice.{{cite news |title=New York Governor David Paterson renames State Justice Building in honor of Robert Abrams '63 |url=https://www.law.nyu.edu/news/ABRAMS_STATE_JUSTICE_BUILDING}}{{cite web |title=Executive Order No. 20: Naming the State Justice Building the Robert Abrams Building for Law and Justice |url=https://casetext.com/regulation/new-york-codes-rules-and-regulations/title-9-executive-department/subtitle-a-governors-office/chapter-i-executive-orders/part-7-executive-orders-david-a-paterson/section-720-executive-order-no-20-naming-the-state-justice-building-the-robert-abrams-building-for-law-and-justice}} Also in 2009, Attorney General elect Eric Schneiderman appointed Abrams to serve as Honorary Co-chair of his Transition Committee.{{cite news |last1=Craig |first1=Susanne |title=New York Attorney General Asks for Hiring Advice |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/dealbook.nytimes.com/2010/11/16/schneiderman-asks-wall-street-for-hiring-advice/ |work=New York Times |date=November 16, 2010}} In 2010, New York's chief judge, Jonathan Lippman, appointed him to be a member of the Advisory Council for the Retired Attorney Pro Bono Program.{{cite web |url=https://ww2.nycourts.gov/attorneys/volunteer/emeritus/council.shtml |access-date=28 August 2023 |title=AEP Advisory Council Members |website=NY Courts.gov}}

In 2012, Governor Andrew Cuomo appointed Abrams as co-chairman of a Moreland Commission to investigate the preparedness and response of the utilities in New York State to Superstorm Sandy which took the lives of numerous New Yorkers and caused billions of dollars of damage. At the conclusion of its hearings and deliberations, the Commission released a report which resulted in changes to New York State law and practices by utilities.{{cite web |title=Moreland Commission on Utility Storm Preparation and Response |url=https://www.transmissionhub.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Moreland-Commission-N.Y.-final-report-6.22.13.pdf |website=Transmission Hub}}

He also served on numerous boards of community not for profit organizations: Fund for the City of New York, Citizens Union Board Member and President of the Citizens Union Foundation, America Israel Friendship League, and Council for a Secure America.

Abrams was a leader of the Soviet Jewry Movement in the United States.{{cite news |title=RALLY FOR SOVIET JEWS: Some of the more than 200,000 people who participated in a rally supporting civil rights for Jews in the Soviet Union carry |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/05/02/archives/rally-for-soviet-jews-some-of-the-more-than-200000-people-who.html}} Serving as chairman of the Greater New York Conference on Soviet Jewry,{{cite news |title="Rally for Soviet Jews" |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/05/02/archives/200000-at-rally-for-soviet-jews-hear-carter-administration-pledge.html |work=New York Times |date=May 2, 1977}} he attended several international conferences, in Paris where delegates met to plan strategy for the movement; in Brussels, where Golda Meir, U.S. Senator Frank Church, Nobel laureate Elie Wiesel, and civil rights leader Bayard Rustin addressed the convocation;{{cite news |title="Mrs. Meir Pleads for Soviet Jews" |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1976/02/19/archives/mrs-meir-pleads-for-soviet-jews-at-brussels-meeting-she-calls-for.html |work=The New York Times |date=February 19, 1976}} and in Jerusalem at a world plenum which addressed Soviet Jewish absorption issues in Israel. In 1991, Abrams delivered the Raoul Wallenberg Lecture in Moscow before several hundred leaders of Jewish communities from each of the fifteen republics of the USSR.

He also served on the corporate boards of Sterling Bancorp and Sterling National Bank for 18 years.

On October 16, 2018, Abrams and Public Advocate Letitia James (running for New York State Attorney General) were at the steps of New York City Hall for a press conference where he announced his endorsement of James in the race.{{cite web|url=http://www.nystateofpolitics.com/2018/10/abrams-endorses-james-for-ag/ |title=Abrams Endorses James For AG| date=October 16, 2018 |work= State of Politics}} James became the first woman and the first African American to be elected to the position of New York State Attorney General and appointed Abrams as co-chair of her transition team.

Abrams resolved a controversy between the Jewish community and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) concerning the church's proxy baptism practice. He established joint programs between the two communities, including initiating a joint Jewish-LDS delegation to visit Israel in 2016 to commemorate the 175th anniversary of LDS Apostle Orson Hyde's dedicatory prayer at the Mount of Olives declaring Jerusalem and its environs to be the land of the Jewish people. Abrams was presented with the Thomas L. Kane award by the J. Reuben Clark Law Society of the LDS Church on June 9, 2022, in Salt Lake City, in recognition of his leadership efforts.{{cite news |title=How a friendship helped repair the relationship between Latter-day Saints and the Jewish community |url=https://www.deseret.com/faith/2022/6/9/23161806/latter-day-saints-honor-robert-abrams-with-thomas-l-kane-award-repaired-jewish-mormon-understanding |agency=Deseret News}}

In March 2021, Abrams' memoir, The Luckiest Guy in the World: My Journey in Politics, was published by Skyhorse Publishing.{{cite web |title=The Luckiest Guy in the World |url=https://www.skyhorsepublishing.com/9781510758780/the-luckiest-guy-in-the-world/ |website=Skyhorse Publishing}}

Personal life

On September 15, 1974, he married the daughter of Jacob and Hilda Schulder, Diane Schulder Abrams, an attorney who created and taught the first "Women and the Law" course in an American law school. Robert and Diane have two daughters, Rachel and Becky, and eight grandchildren.

Robert and Diane's second child Becky was born to them when Diane was 49 years old. They attribute her birth to a blessing they received from the Lubavitcher Rebbe.{{citation|title=It Wasn't Me, It Was Him|url=https://www.chabad.org/therebbe/livingtorah/player_cdo/aid/424367/jewish/It-Wasnt-Me-It-Was-Him.htm}}

References

External links

[https://www.stroock.com/people/rabrams Robert Abrams - Partner: Stroock & Stroock & Lavan LLP]
NYU Law School Attorney General Robert Abrams Public Service Lecture series [U.S.Senator Tom Udall https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oTcxGkXiK9U&t=29s]
NYU Law School Attorney General Robert Abrams Public Service Lecture series [U.S. Senator Heidi Heitkamp [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z9IoVBKXMsc&t=138s]
NYU Law School Attorney General Robert Abrams Public Service Lecture series [Attorney General Karl Racine https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9MPqHLrpwSo&t=28s]
NYU Law School Attorney General Robert Abrams Public Service Lecture series [Attorney General Josh Shapiro [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AYK5jiwCZUQ&t=1178s]
NYU Law School Attorney General Robert Abrams Public Service Lecture series [Attorney General Phil Weiser] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-fR47TePIkk--]
NYU Law School Attorney General Robert Abrams Public Service Lecture series [Attorney General Michael Turpen] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JREvN2EDiZ4]

{{succession box

| title = {{nowrap|Member of the New York State Assembly}}
from the 89th district

| before = John T. Satriale

| years = January 1, 1966 – December 31, 1966

| after = Robert Abrams

}}

{{succession box

| title = {{nowrap|Member of the New York State Assembly}}
from the 81st district

| before = Robert Abrams

| years = January 1, 1967 – December 31, 1969

| after = Alan Hochberg

}}