Robert B. Landry

Robert Broussard Landry was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, on 1 December 1909,{{cite book |title = Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the US Military Academy at West Point New York Since Its Establishment in 1802: Supplement Volume VIII 1930–1940 |last = Cullum |first = George W. |author-link = George Washington Cullum |publisher = R. R. Donnelly and Sons, The Lakeside Press |location = Chicago |year = 1940 |url=http://digital-library.usma.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p16919coll3/id/24660/rec/9 |access-date=6 October 2015 |page=976}} the son of Luke Valcour Landry and his wife Josephine {{nee}} Scharpe. He was a direct descendant of Pierre Joseph Landry, who served as a captain in the Louisiana Militia during the War of 1812.{{cite web |title= Major General Robert B. Landry > U.S. Air Force > Biography Display |publisher=U.S. Air Force |url=https://www.af.mil/About-Us/Biographies/Display/Article/106440/major-general-robert-b-landry/ |access-date=30 August 2020}} He had a brother, Ernest Scharpe Landry, and a sister, Val Louise, who later married Milton Summerfelt.

In 1927, Landry graduated from Jesuit High School and entered Tulane University, intending to become a mechanical and electrical engineer. He was a Kappa Sigma. In 1928, his father secured him a second alternative appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, through Senator Edwin S. Broussard. (He was named after the Senator's brother Robert F. Broussard.) The Senator's principal candidate and the first alternative failed to qualify, and Landry was given the appointment.{{cite web |title=Robert B. Landry Oral History Interview, March 1-2, 1983 |publisher= Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum |url=https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/library/oral-histories/landryrb |access-date=30 August 2020}}

Landry entered West Point on 2 July 1928. His roommate was Robert Lee Scott Jr. Landry played football, baseball, basketball and tennis. He graduated on 10 June 1932, ranked 217th in his class, and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Infantry. He married Mildred Marie Rosa Plauche on 15 August 1932; they had seven children.{{cite web |title=Mildred Marie Rosa Plauche : Family tree by Helen Fourcade Kendrick |publisher= Geneanet |url=https://gw.geneanet.org/downsouth?n=plauche |access-date=30 August 2020}} His first posting was to Camp Stephen D. Little, Arizona, with the African-American 25th Infantry, from 31 August to 28 December 1932, when he moved to Fort Huachuca, Arizona.

In 1934, Landry volunteered for the United States Army Air Corps. He received his pilot rating at Kelly Field, Texas, from which he graduated in February 1935. He transferred to the Air Corps on 20 March 1935 and was assigned to the 16th Pursuit Group at Albrook Field in the Panama Canal Zone. He returned to the United States in 1937 and was assigned to the 20th Pursuit Group at Barksdale Field, Louisiana. On 28 July 1938, he became aide-de-camp to Brigadier General Frederick L. Martin, the commanding general of the 3rd Wing at Barksdale Field, and he continued in this role when Martin was promoted and assumed command of the Hawaiian Air Force at Fort Shafter in the Territory of Hawaii, with the rank of major as of 22 July 1941.

After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941, Landry became the executive officer of the Hawaiian Interceptor Command at Honolulu, which soon became the VII Interceptor Command, and then the VII Fighter Command. In April 1942, he transferred to the newly formed Eighth Air Force as the Assistant Chief of Staff, A-3 (Operations), of the VIII Fighter Command, and then chief of its Combat Operations Division from 1 January to 29 October 1943. He commanded the 56th Fighter Group from 30 October 1943 to 12 January 1944. He was then Assistant Chief of Staff, A-3 (Operations) for fighters of the Eighth Air Force until 26 November 1944. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel on 23 January 1942, and colonel on 29 December 1942. For his services, he was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross with an oak leaf cluster and the Air Medal with four oak leaf clusters.

Switching to bombers, Landry was executive officer of the 93rd Combat Bombardment Wing from 27 November 1944 to 14 February 1945 and commanded the 493rd Bombardment Group from 15 February to 6 June 1945. He was also the acting commander of the 93rd Combat Bombardment Wing from 14 to 29 March 1945. On 7 June he became the Assistant Chief of Staff, A-3 (Operations), on the air staff of the Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) at Frankfurt, Germany. He subsequently served as an air advisor to the Theater General Board. While in the European theater during World War II he flew 32 combat missions in P-47 fighters and Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress bombers.

Landry returned to the United States, where he was a member of the Joint Operations Review Board at the Army and Navy Staff College from 1 January to 30 June 1946. He then became an instructor at the National War College in Washington, D.C., from 1 July 1946 to 30 June 1947. He was executive officer to the chief of staff, Headquarters United States Air Force (USAF) from 1 August 1947 to 4 February 1948. On 5 February, he became the USAF aide to the president of the United States, Harry S. Truman, with the rank of brigadier general from 23 December 1948, and major general from 8 March 1952. In this role he represented the Air Force at the White House and advised the president on Air Force matters.

After Truman left office in 1953, Landry returned to Barksdale Air Force Base as the deputy commander of the Strategic Air Command's Second Air Force. On 1 February 1955, he assumed command of the Fourth Air Force at Hamilton Air Force Base, California. He then became Assistant Deputy Chief of Staff of the Air Force for Personnel on 1 July 1957. His final assignment, from June 1960 to June 1962, was as commander of the Sacramento Air Materiel Area. He retired on 1 June 1962, after thirty years of service. In that time, he had 7,500 hours flying time.

Landry died in Scottsdale, Arizona, on 14 July 2000 and was buried in Saint Barnabas on the Desert Memorial Garden in Paradise Valley, Arizona.{{cite news |newspaper=Arizona Republic |title=Major General Robert B. Landry, 90, obit |date=18 July 2000 |location=Phoenix, Arizona |via=newspapers.com |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/30264108/major-general-robert-b-landry-90/ |access-date=30 August 2020}}{{cite journal |title=Robert B. Landry '32 |journal=Assembly |issn=1041-2581 |volume=LX |issue=2 |date=November–December 2001 |page=157 }} His papers are in the Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum.{{cite web |title=Landry, Robert B. Papers |publisher= Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum |url=https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/library/personal-papers/robert-b-landry-papers |access-date=30 August 2020}}

{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Landry, Robert B.}}

Category:1909 births

Category:2000 deaths

Category:Air Corps Tactical School alumni

Category:Aviators from Louisiana

Category:National War College alumni

Category:Military personnel from New Orleans

Category:American recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France)

Category:American recipients of the Croix de guerre (Belgium)

Category:Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)

Category:Recipients of the Legion of Merit

Category:Truman administration personnel

Category:Tulane University alumni

Category:United States Army Air Forces pilots of World War II

Category:United States Air Force generals

Category:United States Military Academy alumni

Category:Jesuit High School (Carmichael) alumni