Robert Williams (robot fatality)
{{short description|First person killed by a robot}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Robert Williams
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = Robert Nicholas Williams
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1953|05|02}}
| birth_place =
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1979|01|25|1953|05|02}}
| death_place = Flat Rock, Michigan, U.S.
| nationality =
| other_names =
| occupation = Factory worker
| known_for = First human killed by a robot
| notable_works =
}}
Robert Nicholas Williams (May 2, 1953 – January 25, 1979) was an American factory worker who was the first known human to be killed by a robot. While working at the Ford Motor Company's Michigan Casting Center, Williams was struck and killed by the arm of a robotic transfer vehicle.
Death and litigation
file:FORD MOTOR COMPANY'S NEW CASTING PLANT AT FLAT ROCK - NARA - 549726 LEVELS.tif.]]
Williams was one of three operators of the parts retrieval system, a five-story robotic system built by the Unit Handling Systems division of Litton Industries. The robot was designed to retrieve castings from high density storage shelves at the Flat Rock plant. Part of the machine included one-ton transfer vehicles, which were carts on rubber wheels equipped with mechanical arms to move castings to and from the shelves. When the robot gave erroneous inventory readings, Williams was asked to climb into the racks to retrieve parts manually.{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/08/11/us/around-the-nation-jury-awards-10-million-in-killing-by-robot.html |title=AROUND THE NATION; Jury Awards $10 Million In Killing by Robot |agency=AP |date=11 August 1983 |newspaper=The New York Times |accessdate=8 June 2018}} Another news account states the robot was not retrieving parts quickly enough.
He climbed into the third level of the storage rack, where he was struck from behind and crushed by one of the one-ton transfer vehicles,{{cite court |litigants=Williams v. Litton Systems, Inc. |vol=416 |reporter=N.W.2d |opinion=704 |pinpoint= |court=Michigan Court of Appeals |date=1987 |url=https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/1819638/williams-v-litton-systems/ |accessdate=8 June 2018 |quote=}} killing him instantly. His body remained in the shelf for 30 minutes until it was discovered by workers who were concerned about his disappearance.
His family sued the manufacturers of the robot, Litton Industries, alleging "that Litton was negligent in designing, manufacturing and supplying the storage system and in failing to warn [system operators] of foreseeable dangers in working within the storage area." In a 1983 jury decision, the court awarded his estate $10 million — the largest personal injury in Michigan at the time — and concluded that there simply were not enough safety measures in place to prevent such an accident from happening.{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7KMyAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Bu8FAAAAIBAJ&pg=3301,87702 |title=$10 Million Awarded To Family Of U.S. Plant Worker Killed By Robot |newspaper=Ottawa Citizen |date=August 11, 1983 |page=14 |accessdate=8 June 2018}} The award was raised to $15 million in January 1984.{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=y-RfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=FO8FAAAAIBAJ&pg=3908%2C1309301 |title=$15 million for robot death |agency=AP |date=14 January 1984 |newspaper=Ottawa Citizen |accessdate=8 June 2018}} Litton settled with the estate of Williams for an undisclosed amount in exchange for Litton not admitting negligence.
Litton had sought indemnification and recovery of judgment costs from Ford because Ford had not sent Williams to Litton-provided training and allowed Williams to enter the rack without engaging the lockout–tagout system, which shuts down the machine. Since Litton had already settled with the estate of Williams, the Michigan Court of Appeals denied the action, and that decision was later upheld by the Supreme Court of Michigan.{{cite court |litigants=Williams v. Litton Systems, Inc. |vol=449 |reporter=N.W.2d |opinion=669 |pinpoint= |court=Supreme Court of Michigan |date=1989 |url=https://law.justia.com/cases/michigan/supreme-court/1989/81951-5.html |accessdate=8 June 2018 |quote=}}
See also
- Kenji Urada (1943/1944–1981), a Japanese man killed by a robot in 1981
- List of unusual deaths in the 20th century
- Robotic tech vest
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- Kiska, Tim (August 11, 1983). "Robot firm liable in death". The Oregonian.
- Kiska, Tim (August 11, 1983). "[http://docs.newsbank.com/g/GooglePM/PI/lib00187,0EB295F7D995F801.html Death on the job: Jury awards $10 million to heirs of man killed by robot at auto plant]". Philadelphia Inquirer.
- "[http://docs.newsbank.com/g/GooglePM/PI/lib00187,0EB296EC28E31A97.html Death-by-robot yields award of $15 million]". Philadelphia Inquirer. January 14, 1984.
- {{cite journal |doi=10.1049/et.2015.0621 |author=Bizony, Piers |title=Focus: #1 The First Law: A robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm |date=July 2015 |pages=52–53 |journal=Engineering & Technology |publisher=IEEE |issn=1750-9637 |volume=10 |issue=6}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Williams, Robert (robot fatality)}}
Category:Deaths caused by industrial robots