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Roglai language

{{short description|Austronesian language spoken in Vietnam}}

{{Infobox language

|name=Roglai

|states=

|region=Vietnam

|speakers={{sigfig|96,900|2}}

|date=1999–2002

|ref=e18

|familycolor=Austronesian

|fam2=Malayo-Polynesian

|fam3=Malayo-Sumbawan (?)

|fam4=Chamic

|fam5=Highlands

|fam6=Northern Chamic

|script=Latin (modified Vietnamese alphabet)

|minority=

|lc1=roc|ld1=Cacgia

|lc2=rog|ld2=Northern

|lc3=rgs|ld3=Southern

|glotto=cacg1235

|glottoname=Cacgia Roglai

|glotto2=nort2994

|glottoname2=Northern Roglai

|glotto3=sout3010

|glottoname3=Southern Roglai

}}

The Roglai language is a Chamic language of southern Vietnam, spoken by the Raglai people.

There are four Roglai dialects: Northern, Du Long, Southern, and Cac Gia.{{cite book |last=Cobbey |first=Maxwell |first2=Vurnell |last2=Cobbey |date=1977 |url=http://www.sil.org/resources/archives/30994 |title=Suraq vungã sanãp Radlai / Nữ-vựng Rơglai / Northern Roglai vocabulary |location=Huntington Beach, CA |publisher=Summer Institute of Linguistics}}

Their autonym is {{lang|roc|radlai}}, which means 'forest people'.

Phonology

File:Chamic groups in Vietnam.png speakers in Vietnam.]]

= Consonants =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! colspan="2" |

!Labial

!Alveolar

!Palatal

!Velar

!Glottal

colspan="2" |Nasal

|{{IPA link|m}}

|{{IPA link|n}}

|{{IPA link|ɲ}}

|{{IPA link|ŋ}}

|

rowspan="5" |Plosive

!voiceless

|{{IPA link|p}}

|{{IPA link|t}}

|{{IPA link|c}}

|{{IPA link|k}}

|{{IPA link|ʔ}}

voiced

|{{IPA link|b}}

|{{IPA link|d}}

|{{IPA link|ɟ}}

|{{IPA link|ɡ}}

|

aspirated

|{{IPA link|pʰ}}

|{{IPA link|tʰ}}

|{{IPA link|cʰ}}

|{{IPA link|kʰ}}

|

breathy

|{{IPA link|bʱ}}

|{{IPA link|dʱ}}

|{{IPA link|ɟʱ}}

|{{IPA link|ɡʱ}}

|

implosive

|{{IPA link|ɓ}}

|{{IPA link|ɗ}}

|{{IPA link|ʄ}}

|

|

colspan="2" |Fricative

|

|{{IPA link|s}}

|

|

|{{IPA link|h}}

colspan="2" |Rhotic

|

|{{IPA link|r}}

|

|

|

colspan="2" |Approximant

|({{IPA link|w}})

|{{IPA link|l}}

|({{IPA link|j}})

|

|

= Vowels =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

!

!Front

!Central

!Back

align="center"

!Close

|{{IPA link|i}} {{IPA link|ĩ}}

|{{IPA link|ɨ}} {{IPA link|ɨ̃}}

|{{IPA link|u}} {{IPA link|ũ}}

align="center"

!Mid

|{{IPA link|e}} {{IPA link|ẽ}}

|{{IPA link|ə}} {{IPA link|ə̃}}

|{{IPA link|o}} {{IPA link|õ}}

align="center"

!Open

|

|{{IPA link|a}} {{IPA link|ã}}

|

  • Sounds /e, o/ may also have more open variants as [ɛ, ɔ].{{Cite book |last=Lee |first=Ernest Wilson |title=Structure of Northern Roglai as a representative Chamic language |publisher=Bloomington: Indiana University |year=1966 |location=In Proto-Chamic Phonologic Word and Vocabulary |pages=21–69}}
  • Glide sounds [j, w] may also occur as a result of vowel off-glides.{{Cite journal |last=Brunelle |first=Marc |title=Northern Raglai voicing and its relation to Southern Raglai register: evidence for early stages of registrogenesis |last2=Brown |first2=Jeanne |last3=Thu Hà |first3=Phạm Thị |year=2022 |journal=Phonetica |issue=79 |volume=2 |pages=151–188}}

Vocabulary

Mainland Chamic, Aceh and Malay comparative table:

class="wikitable" line-height:1.25em;"

! scope="col" | Lexeme

! scope="col" | Proto-Chamic

! scope="col" | Western Cham

! scope="col" | Eastern Cham

! scope="col" | Roglai

! scope="col" | Aceh

! scope="col" | Malay

scope="row" | one

| lang="ocm" | *sa

| lang="cja" | {{IPA|/sa ha/}}

| lang="cjm" | {{IPA|/tha/}}

| lang="roc" | {{IPA|/sa/}}

| lang="ace" | sa

| lang="ms" | satu

scope="row" | seven

| lang="ocm" | *tujuh

| lang="cja" | {{IPA|/taçuh/}}

| lang="cjm" | {{IPA|/taçŭh/}}

| lang="roc" | {{IPA|/tijuh/}}

| lang="ace" | tujôh

| lang="ms" | tujuh

scope="row" | fire

| lang="ocm" | *ʔapuy

| lang="cja" | {{IPA|/pui/}}

| lang="cjm" | {{IPA|/apuy/}}

| lang="roc" | {{IPA|/apui/}}

| lang="ace" | apui

| lang="ms" | api

scope="row" | sky

| lang="ocm" | *laŋit

| lang="cja" | {{IPA|/laŋiʔ/}}

| lang="cjm" | {{IPA|/laŋiʔ/}} Lingik

| lang="roc" | /laŋĩ꞉ʔ/

| lang="ace" | langèt

| lang="ms" | langit

scope="row" | rice {{IPA|(husked)}}

| lang="ocm" | *bra꞉s

| lang="cja" | {{IPA|/prah/}}

| lang="cjm" | /prah-l/

| lang="roc" | {{IPA|/bra/}}

| lang="ace" | breueh

| lang="ms" | beras

scope="row" | iron

| lang="ocm" | *bisεy

| lang="cja" | {{IPA|/pasay/}}

| lang="cjm" | {{IPA|/pithăy/}}

| lang="roc" | {{IPA|/pisǝy/}}

| lang="ace" | beusoe

| lang="ms" | besi

scope="row" | sugarcane

| lang="ocm" | *tabɔw-v

| lang="cja" | {{IPA|/tapau/}}

| lang="cjm" | {{IPA|/tapăw/}}

| lang="roc" | {{IPA|/tubəu/}}

| lang="ace" | teubèe

| lang="ms" | tebu

References

{{Reflist}}

{{Languages of Vietnam}}

{{Nuclear Malayo-Polynesian languages}}

{{Chamic languages}}

Category:Languages of Vietnam

Category:Chamic languages

{{austronesian-lang-stub}}