Roglai language
{{short description|Austronesian language spoken in Vietnam}}
{{Infobox language
|name=Roglai
|states=
|region=Vietnam
|speakers={{sigfig|96,900|2}}
|date=1999–2002
|ref=e18
|familycolor=Austronesian
|fam2=Malayo-Polynesian
|fam3=Malayo-Sumbawan (?)
|fam4=Chamic
|fam5=Highlands
|fam6=Northern Chamic
|script=Latin (modified Vietnamese alphabet)
|minority=
|lc1=roc|ld1=Cacgia
|lc2=rog|ld2=Northern
|lc3=rgs|ld3=Southern
|glotto=cacg1235
|glottoname=Cacgia Roglai
|glotto2=nort2994
|glottoname2=Northern Roglai
|glotto3=sout3010
|glottoname3=Southern Roglai
}}
The Roglai language is a Chamic language of southern Vietnam, spoken by the Raglai people.
There are four Roglai dialects: Northern, Du Long, Southern, and Cac Gia.{{cite book |last=Cobbey |first=Maxwell |first2=Vurnell |last2=Cobbey |date=1977 |url=http://www.sil.org/resources/archives/30994 |title=Suraq vungã sanãp Radlai / Nữ-vựng Rơglai / Northern Roglai vocabulary |location=Huntington Beach, CA |publisher=Summer Institute of Linguistics}}
Their autonym is {{lang|roc|radlai}}, which means 'forest people'.
Phonology
File:Chamic groups in Vietnam.png speakers in Vietnam.]]
= Consonants =
class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" | |
colspan="2" |Nasal
|{{IPA link|m}} |{{IPA link|n}} |{{IPA link|ɲ}} |{{IPA link|ŋ}} | |
---|
rowspan="5" |Plosive
|{{IPA link|p}} |{{IPA link|t}} |{{IPA link|c}} |{{IPA link|k}} |{{IPA link|ʔ}} |
voiced
|{{IPA link|b}} |{{IPA link|d}} |{{IPA link|ɟ}} |{{IPA link|ɡ}} | |
aspirated
|{{IPA link|pʰ}} |{{IPA link|tʰ}} |{{IPA link|cʰ}} |{{IPA link|kʰ}} | |
breathy
|{{IPA link|bʱ}} |{{IPA link|dʱ}} |{{IPA link|ɟʱ}} |{{IPA link|ɡʱ}} | |
implosive
|{{IPA link|ɓ}} |{{IPA link|ɗ}} |{{IPA link|ʄ}} | | |
colspan="2" |Fricative
| |{{IPA link|s}} | | |{{IPA link|h}} |
colspan="2" |Rhotic
| |{{IPA link|r}} | | | |
colspan="2" |Approximant
|({{IPA link|w}}) |{{IPA link|l}} |({{IPA link|j}}) | | |
= Vowels =
class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! !Back |
align="center"
|{{IPA link|i}} {{IPA link|ĩ}} |{{IPA link|ɨ}} {{IPA link|ɨ̃}} |{{IPA link|u}} {{IPA link|ũ}} |
align="center"
!Mid |{{IPA link|e}} {{IPA link|ẽ}} |{{IPA link|ə}} {{IPA link|ə̃}} |{{IPA link|o}} {{IPA link|õ}} |
align="center"
!Open | |{{IPA link|a}} {{IPA link|ã}} | |
- Sounds /e, o/ may also have more open variants as [ɛ, ɔ].{{Cite book |last=Lee |first=Ernest Wilson |title=Structure of Northern Roglai as a representative Chamic language |publisher=Bloomington: Indiana University |year=1966 |location=In Proto-Chamic Phonologic Word and Vocabulary |pages=21–69}}
- Glide sounds [j, w] may also occur as a result of vowel off-glides.{{Cite journal |last=Brunelle |first=Marc |title=Northern Raglai voicing and its relation to Southern Raglai register: evidence for early stages of registrogenesis |last2=Brown |first2=Jeanne |last3=Thu Hà |first3=Phạm Thị |year=2022 |journal=Phonetica |issue=79 |volume=2 |pages=151–188}}
Vocabulary
Mainland Chamic, Aceh and Malay comparative table:
class="wikitable" line-height:1.25em;"
! scope="col" | Lexeme ! scope="col" | Proto-Chamic ! scope="col" | Western Cham ! scope="col" | Eastern Cham ! scope="col" | Roglai ! scope="col" | Aceh ! scope="col" | Malay |
scope="row" | one
| lang="ocm" | *sa | lang="cja" | {{IPA|/sa ha/}} | lang="cjm" | {{IPA|/tha/}} | lang="roc" | {{IPA|/sa/}} | lang="ace" | sa | lang="ms" | satu |
---|
scope="row" | seven
| lang="ocm" | *tujuh | lang="cja" | {{IPA|/taçuh/}} | lang="cjm" | {{IPA|/taçŭh/}} | lang="roc" | {{IPA|/tijuh/}} | lang="ace" | tujôh | lang="ms" | tujuh |
scope="row" | fire
| lang="ocm" | *ʔapuy | lang="cja" | {{IPA|/pui/}} | lang="cjm" | {{IPA|/apuy/}} | lang="roc" | {{IPA|/apui/}} | lang="ace" | apui | lang="ms" | api |
scope="row" | sky
| lang="ocm" | *laŋit | lang="cja" | {{IPA|/laŋiʔ/}} | lang="cjm" | {{IPA|/laŋiʔ/}} Lingik | lang="roc" | /laŋĩ꞉ʔ/ | lang="ace" | langèt | lang="ms" | langit |
scope="row" | rice {{IPA|(husked)}}
| lang="ocm" | *bra꞉s | lang="cja" | {{IPA|/prah/}} | lang="cjm" | /prah-l/ | lang="roc" | {{IPA|/bra/}} | lang="ace" | breueh | lang="ms" | beras |
scope="row" | iron
| lang="ocm" | *bisεy | lang="cja" | {{IPA|/pasay/}} | lang="cjm" | {{IPA|/pithăy/}} | lang="roc" | {{IPA|/pisǝy/}} | lang="ace" | beusoe | lang="ms" | besi |
scope="row" | sugarcane
| lang="ocm" | *tabɔw-v | lang="cja" | {{IPA|/tapau/}} | lang="cjm" | {{IPA|/tapăw/}} | lang="roc" | {{IPA|/tubəu/}} | lang="ace" | teubèe | lang="ms" | tebu |
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Languages of Vietnam}}
{{Nuclear Malayo-Polynesian languages}}
{{Chamic languages}}
{{austronesian-lang-stub}}