Roi Et province

{{Short description|Province of Thailand}}

{{more citations needed|date=August 2019}}

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Roi Et

| native_name = ร้อยเอ็ด

| native_name_lang = th

| settlement_type = Province

| image_skyline = {{multiple image

| border = infobox

| total_width = 280

| image_style = border:1;

| perrow = 2/1/2

| image1 = Wat Burapha Phiram, Roi Et (I).jpg

| image2 = เจดีย์หินทราย วัดป่ากุง - panoramio (4).jpg

| image3 = BuengPhalanChai.jpg

| image4 = Phra MahaChedi Chai Mongkhon - panoramio.jpg

| image5 = Ku Ka Sing-016.jpg

}}

| image_alt =

| image_caption = From left to right, top to bottom: Wat Burapha Phiram, Wat Pa Kung, Bueng Phalan Chai, Phra Maha Chedi Chai Mongkhon, Ku Ka Sing

| nickname =

| motto = สิบเอ็ดประตูเมืองงาม เรืองนามพระสูงใหญ่ ผ้าไหมสาเกต บุญผะเหวดประเพณี มหาเจดีย์ชัยมงคล งามน่ายลบึงพลาญชัย เขตกว้างไกลทุ่งกุลา โลกลือชาข้าวหอมมะลิ
("The beautiful eleven city gates. Renowned tallest Buddha image. Saket silk. The Bun Phawet festival. The great Chedi Chai Mongkhon. Fascinating Bueng Phalan Chai. The wide fields of Thung Kula. Internationally famous white rice.")

| image_flag = Flag of Roi Et.svg

| image_seal = Seal Roi Et.png

| image_map = Thailand Roi Et locator map.svg

| mapsize =

| map_alt =

| map_caption = Map of Thailand highlighting Roi Et province

| coordinates =

| coordinates_footnotes =

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = Thailand

| seat_type = Capital

| seat = Roi Et

| leader_party =

| leader_title = Governor

| leader_name = Chatchawan Benjasiriwong
(since 2024)

| leader_party1 =

| leader_title1 = PAO President

| leader_name1 =

| area_footnotes = {{cite web |url=https://www.forest.go.th |title=Table 2 Forest area Separate province year 2019 |publisher=Royal Forest Department |access-date=6 April 2021}}

| area_total_km2 = 7,873

| area_rank = 25th

| elevation_footnotes =

| elevation_m = 150

| population_footnotes = {{cite web |url=https://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/statnew/statMenu/newStat/home.php |publisher=Department of Provincial Administration (DOPA) |title=Official statistics registration systems |access-date=10 February 2025 |postscript= , year 2024 >provincial level >Excel File >no.45}}

| population_total = {{decrease}}1,275,519

| population_as_of = 2024

| population_rank = 16th

| population_density_km2 = 162

| population_density_rank = 21st

| population_demonym =

| population_note =

| demographics_type2 = GDP

| demographics2_footnotes = {{cite journal|title=Gross Regional and Provincial Product, 2019 Edition|journal=<> |date=July 2019|url=https://www.nesdc.go.th/ewt_dl_link.php?nid=5628&filename=gross_regional|access-date=22 January 2020|publisher=Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC)|language=en|issn=1686-0799}}

| demographics2_title1 = Total

| demographics2_info1 = baht 73 billion
(US$2.4 billion) (2019)

| demographics_type1 = Human Achievement Index

| demographics1_footnotes = {{cite web |url=https://www.nesdc.go.th/main.php?filename=Social_HAI |department=Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC)|title=ข้อมูลสถิติดัชนีความก้าวหน้าของคน ปี 2565 (PDF) |language=thai |trans-title=Human Achievement Index Databook year 2022 (PDF) |access-date=12 March 2024 |postscript= , page 61}}

| demographics1_title1 = HAI (2022)

| demographics1_info1 = 0.6654 "high"
Ranked 10th

| timezone1 = ICT

| utc_offset1 = +7

| postal_code_type = Postal code

| postal_code = 45xxx

| area_code_type = Calling code

| area_code = 043

| iso_code = TH-45

| website = {{URL|roiet.go.th}}

| footnotes =

}}

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Roi Et Provincial Administrative Organization

| native_name = องค์การบริหารส่วนจังหวัดร้อยเอ็ด

| native_name_lang = th

| settlement_type = Provincial Administrative Organization

| image_seal = Seal of Roi Et Provincial Administstrative Organization.png

| government_type = Local administrative divisions

| governing_body = Roi Et Provincial Administrative Organization

| leader_title = President

| leader_name = Seksit Wainiyompong

| website = {{URL|pao-roiet.go.th}}

}}

Roi Et ({{langx|th|ร้อยเอ็ด}}, {{IPA|th|rɔ́ːj ʔèt|pron}}; {{langx|tts|ร้อยเอ็ด}}, {{IPA|lo|lɔ̂ːj ʔět|pron}}) is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat) lies in central northeastern Thailand also called Isan. Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Kalasin, Mukdahan, Yasothon, Sisaket, Surin, and Maha Sarakham.

Toponymy

The name of the province literally means 'one hundred and one' ({{langx|th|ร้อยเอ็ด}}; {{rtgs|roi et}} ). Correctly, the number should be "eleven" ({{langx|th|สิบเอ็ด|links=no}}; {{rtgs|sip et|link=no}} ), as the province was named after its eleven ancient gates built for its eleven vassal states. In ancient times, the number "eleven" was written "๑๐๑" (101) and the provincial name was written accordingly. Later, people took "๑๐๑" to mean 'one hundred and one' and have since then called it "Roi Et".{{Cite book|title = Kotmai Tra Sam Duang Phra Thamnun (Chabap Ratchabandittayasathan)|author = Royal Institute of Thailand|author-link = Royal Institute of Thailand|publisher = Royal Institute of Thailand|year = 2010|isbn = 9786167073118|location = Bangkok|pages = 39–40|script-title =th: กฎหมายตราสามดวง พระทำนูน (ฉบับราชบัณฑิตยสถาน)|trans-title = The Code of the Three Great Seals: The Judicial Statute (Royal Institute Version)|language = th}}

Geography

Most of the province is covered by plains about 130–160 meters above sea level, drained by the Chi River. In the north are the hills of the Phu Phan mountain range. The Yang River is the major watercourse. In the south is the Mun River, which also forms the boundary with Surin. At the mouth of the Chi River, where it enters the Mun River, a floodplain provides a good rice farming area. The total forest area is {{convert|346|km²|abbr=on}} or 4.4 percent of provincial area.

History

The area was already settled at the time of the Khmer empire, as several ruins show. However, the main history of the province began when Lao people from Champasak settled near Suwannaphum during the Ayutthaya Kingdom.{{Citation needed|date=August 2019}} In the late-18th century, King Taksin moved the city to its present site, then called Saket Nakhon.{{cite web|title=About Roi Et|url=https://www.tourismthailand.org/About-Thailand/Destination/Roi-Et|website=Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT)|access-date=18 August 2019}}

Symbols

The provincial seal shows the shrine of the city pillar, which is in the artificial lake Bueng Phalan Chai. The spirit of the shrine, Mahesak, is revered by local people.

The provincial tree is Lagerstroemia macrocarpa. The provincial aquatic life is the spiny eel Macrognathus siamensis. It is an ingredient in making a namya (curry sauce) for eating with khanom chin (rice vermicelli), a local delicacy.

Transportation

=Road=

Route 214 leads north to Kalasin and south to Kaset Wiset, Surin, and Prasat. Route 2044 leads east to Phon Thong. Route 23 leads west to Maha Sarakham and Ban Phai, and east to Yasothon and Ubon Ratchathani. Route 215 leads south to Suwannaphum and the border with Surin province.

=Air=

Roi Et is served by Roi Et Airport to the north of the town.{{cite web|title=Rob Muang Airport|url=http://www.ourairports.com/airports/VTUR/|publisher=OurAirports|access-date=4 February 2013}}Thai AirAsia operates daily flights to Don Mueang Airport 470 kilometers away.

Health

Roi Et's main hospital is Roi Et Hospital, a regional hospital operated by the Ministry of Public Health.

{{clear}}

Administrative divisions

=Provincial government=

The province is divided into 20 districts (amphoes). The districts are further divided into 193 subdistricts (tambons) and 2,311 villages (mubans).

--valign=top#Mueang Roi Et

  1. Kaset Wisai
  2. Pathum Rat
  3. Chaturaphak Phiman
  4. Thawat Buri
  5. Phanom Phrai
  6. Phon Thong
  7. Pho Chai
  8. Nong Phok
  9. Selaphum

  • Suwannaphum
  • Mueang Suang
  • Phon Sai
  • At Samat
  • Moei Wadi
  • Si Somdet
  • Changhan
  • Chiang Khwan
  • Nong Hi
  • Thung Khao Luang
  • =Local government=

    As of 26 November 2019 there are:{{cite web |url=http://www.dla.go.th/work/abt/province.jsp |title=Number of local government organizations by province |date=26 November 2019 |website=dla.go.th |publisher=Department of Local Administration (DLA) |access-date=10 December 2019 | quote=47 Roi Et: 1 PAO, 1 Town mun., 72 Subdistrict mun., 129 SAO.}} one Roi Et Provincial Administration Organisation ({{lang|th-Latn|ongkan borihan suan changwat}}) and 73 municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. Roi Et has town (thesaban mueang) status. Further 72 subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon). The non-municipal areas are administered by 129 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations - SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).

    Human achievement index 2022

    class="wikitable floatright" style="width:300px;"
    style="text-align:center; width:75px; background:black; color:white;"| Health

    | style="text-align:center; width:75px; background:black; color:white;"| Education

    | style="text-align:center; width:75px; background:black; color:white;"| Employment

    | style="text-align:center; width:75px; background:black; color:white;"| Income

    75px

    | 75px

    | 75px

    | 75px

    style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| 37

    | style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| 30

    | style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| 56

    | style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| 6

    style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| Housing

    | style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| Family

    | style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| Transport

    | style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| Participation

    style="height:75px;"| 75px

    | File:Parents, enfants, famille.png

    | 75px

    | 75px

    style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| 8

    | style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| 18

    | style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| 46

    | style="text-align:center; background:black; color:white;"| 60

    colspan="4"; style="background:black; color:white;"| Province Roi Et, with an HAI 2022 value of 0.6654 is "high", occupies place 10 in the ranking.

    Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.

    class="wikitable" ---valign=topRankClassification
    |  1 - 13"high"
    |14 - 29"somewhat high"
    |30 - 45"average"
    |46 - 61"somewhat low"
    |62 - 77"low"

    role= "presentation" class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"

    |Map with provinces and HAI 2022 rankings

    950px

    {{clear}}

    Gallery

    File:Roi Et National Museum.jpg|Roi Et National Museum

    File:Roi Et City Hall.jpg|Roi Et City Hall

    File:หอโหวตและบึงพลาญชัย.jpg|Roi Et Tower

    References

    {{Reflist}}