Ronis-class submarine
{{Short description|Latvian class of submarine}}
| {{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image |Ship image=Shadowgraph Ronis class submarine.svg |Ship caption=Scheme of Ronis-class submarine }} {{Infobox ship class overview |Name=Ronis class |Builders= |Operators=* {{navy|Latvia}}
|Subclasses= |Cost= |Built range=1925–1926 |In service range= 1926–1941 |In commission range= |Total ships building= |Total ships planned= |Total ships completed=2 |Total ships cancelled= |Total ships active= |Total ships laid up= |Total ships lost=2 |Total ships retired= |Total ships preserved= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship class= |Ship type=Diesel/electric-powered coastal submarine |Ship tonnage= |Ship displacement=* {{convert|390|LT|t}} surfaced
|Ship length= {{convert|55.0|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |Ship beam={{convert|4.8|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |Ship height= |Ship draught={{convert|3.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |Ship power= |Ship propulsion=*2 shafts,
|Ship speed=*{{convert|14|kn|km/h|0}} surfaced
|Ship range= |Ship endurance= |Ship test depth={{convert|160|ft|m|abbr=on}} |Ship complement=27 |Ship sensors= |Ship armament=*6 × {{convert|21|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (2 bow, and 2 × twin external turnable)
|Ship armour= |Ship notes= }} |
The Ronis-class submarines were built for the Latvian Navy in France in 1925. They were acquired by the Soviets in 1940 following the annexation of Latvia by the Soviet Union. They were scuttled in Liepāja in June 1941 as the Germans were about to capture the port. The hulls were raised in 1942 and scrapped.
Design
File:'Ronis' ja 'Spidola' Tallinna sadamas 1927.jpg (1927)]]
The boats were small coastal submarines built to a French design (Loire-Simonet).{{sfn|Chesneau|1980|p=353}} Ronis means "seal" in the Latvian language, Spīdola is a character from the Latvian language poem Lāčplēsis.{{sfn|Groos|2017|p=42}} The submarines were {{convert|55.0|m|ftin|abbr=on}} long overall with a beam of {{convert|4.8|m|ftin|abbr=on}} and a draught of {{convert|3.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The vessels of the class displaced {{convert|390|LT|t}} surfaced and {{convert|514|LT|t}} submerged. The submarines had a dived depth of {{convert|160|ft|m}}. They had a complement of 27 officers and ratings.{{sfn|Chesneau|1980|p=353}}
The Ronis-class submarines were propelled by two shafts driven by two Sulzer diesel engines for travel on the surface, rated at {{convert|1300|bhp|lk=in}} and two electric motors {{convert|700|shp|lk=in}} for subsurface movement. The submarines had a maximum speed of {{convert|14|kn|km/h|0|lk=in}} surfaced and {{convert|9|kn|km/h|0}} submerged. They were armed with six {{convert|21|in|mm|0|adj=on}} torpedo tubes with two located in the bow, and four situated in two twin external turnable mounts. The Ronis class was also armed with one {{convert|75|mm|adj=on|0}} main deck gun and two {{convert|7.62|mm|in|abbr=on|2}} machine guns.{{sfn|Chesneau|1980|p=353}}
Ships
| class="wikitable" border="1" |
| Ship
! Builder ! Laid down ! Launched ! Commissioned ! Fate |
|---|
| {{Ill|Ronis (submarine)|lt=Ronis|lv|Ronis (zemūdene)}}
| Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire, Nantes | rowspan=2 | 1925 | 1 July 1926 | rowspan=2 | 1927 | Scuttled 24 June 1941 |
| {{Ill|Spīdola (submarine)|lt=Spīdola|lv|Spīdola (zemūdene)}}
| Ateliers et Chantiers Augustin Normand, Le Havre | 6 October 1926 |Scuttled 24 June 1941 |
Service history
The two submarines were ordered in 1925 as part of the expansion of the nascent Latvian Navy which was first suggested in 1923.{{Cite web |title=Latvia and Estonia are building modern submarines |url=https://militaryheritagetourism.info/en/military/stories/view/3?0 |access-date=2022-04-15 |website=militaryheritagetourism.info}} Constructed in France, the submarines were part of the navy's plan to guard Latvia's coastlines. With the onset of the Great Depression, the Latvian Navy comprised just the two submarines and two minesweepers acquired in the 1920s, although Latvia had planned to buy two more submarines of higher tonnage.
In 1940 Latvia was occupied by the Soviet Union and the Latvian Navy was incorporated into the Soviet Navy's Baltic Fleet in August 1940, retaining their original names. During World War II, the Ronis-class submarines participated in operations in the Baltic Sea.{{sfn|Chesneau|1980|p=353}}
Both submarines were sent to Liepāja in 1941 where they were scheduled to overhaul in July. However, with the Germans approaching the city, the Soviets were forced to blow up and scuttle the Ronis-class submarines on 24 June 1941 to prevent their capture.{{sfn|Chesneau|1980|p=353}} Liepāja was captured on 29 June by the Germans.{{sfn|Groos|2017|p=144}}
Citations
{{reflist}}
References
- {{cite book |editor-last=Chesneau |editor-first=Roger |year=1980 |title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946 |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |location=Greenwich, UK |isbn=0-85177-146-7}}
- {{cite book |last=Groos |first=Poul |year=2017 |orig-year=2014 |title=The Naval War in the Baltic 1939–1945 |publisher=Seaforth Publishing |location=Barnsley, UK |isbn=978-1-5267-0003-2}}
Further reading
- {{cite book |first=Vladimir |last=Yakubov |first2=Richard |last2=Worth |name-list-style=amp |title=Raising the Red Banner: The Pictorial History of Stalin's Fleet 1920–1945 |year=2008 |publisher=Spellmount |location=Staplehurst |isbn=978-1-86227-450-1}}
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20020625051948/http://www.sovboat.ru/ship/ronis.php3 page on Ronis in Russian Language]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20020626055209/http://www.sovboat.ru/ship/spidola.php3 page on Spidola in Russian Language]
{{WWII Soviet ships}}
Category:Naval ships of Latvia
Category:Military history of Latvia
Category:Foreign submarines of the Soviet Navy