Roscommon (barony)
{{Short description|Barony (land unit) in County Roscommon, Ireland}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Hiberno-English|date=January 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Roscommon
| native_name = Ros Comáin (Irish)
| settlement_type = Barony
| image_skyline =Exit from Strokestown Park - geograph.org.uk - 813034.jpg
| imagesize =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Gates of Strokestown Park
| image_map =Baronies of Roscommon.jpg
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Barony map of County Roscommon, 1900; Roscommon barony is coloured green, in the centre.
| subdivision_type = Sovereign state
| subdivision_name = Ireland
| subdivision_type1 = Province
| subdivision_name1 = Connacht
| subdivision_type2 = County
| subdivision_name2 = Roscommon
| area_magnitude =
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 330.16
| area_total_sq_mi =127.47
| area_land_km2 =
| area_land_sq_mi =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_water_sq_mi =
| area_water_percent =
| area_note =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| elevation_ft =
}}
Roscommon ({{Langx|ga|Ros Comáin}}{{cite web|url=https://www.logainm.ie/en/215|title=Ros Comáin/Roscommon|website=Logainm.ie}}) is a barony in County Roscommon, Ireland.{{cite web|url=http://catalogue.nli.ie/Record/vtls000302514|title=A map of Cloonfad Beg in the barony and County of Roscommon. Names of tenants and acreage of holdings shown.|website=catalogue.nli.ie|year=1770 }}{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tZpTAAAAcAAJ&q=%22barony+of+Roscommon%22&pg=PA1304|title=Historical Notes. 1509-1714|date=1 January 2019|publisher=G.E. Eyre and W. Spottiswoode|via=Google Books}}
Etymology
Roscommon barony is named after Roscommon town; however, it does not actually contain that town, which is located in Ballintober South.{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k9k-AAAAYAAJ&q=%22barony+of+Roscommon%22&pg=PT541|title=A Topographical Dictionary of Ireland: Exhibiting the Names of the Several Cities, Towns, Parishes, and Villages ... Collected from the Most Authentic Documents, and Arranged in Alphabetical Order. Being a Continuation of the Topography of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|first=Nicholas|last=Carlisle|date=1 January 2019|publisher=W. Miller|via=Google Books}}
Geography
Roscommon barony is located in the centre of County Roscommon, an area with many lakes including Lough Boderg.{{cite web|url=https://www.libraryireland.com/topog/C/Creeve-Boyle-Roscommon.php|title=CREEVE, a parish|website=www.libraryireland.com}}{{cite web|url=http://www.leitrim-roscommon.com/MAPS/killukin_boyle.html|title=Roscommon Civil Parish of Killukin (Roscommon) map|website=www.leitrim-roscommon.com}} The only mountain is Slieve Bawn.{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/statisticalsurv00socigoog|page=[https://archive.org/details/statisticalsurv00socigoog/page/n603 582]|quote=barony of Roscommon.|title=Statistical survey of the county of Roscommon|year=1832|first1=Isaac|last1=Weld|first2=Royal Dublin|last2=Society|publisher=Printed by R. Graisberry|via=Internet Archive}}
History
The Mag Oireachtaigh (Mageraghtys) were rulers here of Clann Tomaltaigh and the Muintir Roduib.
The Ó Fídhne (O'Feeney) were also in Roscommon barony. The O'Mulconaire were hereditary historians and bards.
The Ó Maoilbhreanainn (O'Mulrenan) sept were chiefs of Clann Chonchobhair (O'Conor).{{cite web|url=http://sites.rootsweb.com/~irlkik/ihm/baronie4.htm|title=The Baronies of Ireland - Family History|website=sites.rootsweb.com|access-date=1 January 2019|archive-date=6 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190606154830/http://sites.rootsweb.com/~irlkik/ihm/baronie4.htm|url-status=dead}}{{Unreliable source?|date=June 2021}}
It is referred to in the topographical poem Tuilleadh feasa ar Éirinn óigh (Giolla na Naomh Ó hUidhrín, d. 1420):
Ar Cloinn clármaoith Conċoḃair
A maicne os gaċ droing do dliġ
An aicme do Cloinn Chathail.
[...]
Ag Mág Oireaċtaiġ na n-each
Muintir Roduiḃ na righḃreaṫ
("O'Maoilbhrenainn with fame over the irriguous plain of Clann-Conchobhair, Their children are entitled to be above every tribe, that sept of the Clann-Cathail. [...] To Mac Oireachtaigh of the steeds belong Muintir Roduibh of royal judgments."){{Cite web| title=Ui Mani and Ui Fiacrach Aidni | url=http://www.aughty.org/pdf/ui_mani_ui_fiacrach.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100917222201/http://aughty.org/pdf/ui_mani_ui_fiacrach.pdf | archive-date=2010-09-17}}{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YMk_AAAAcAAJ&q=487&pg=PR1|title=The Topographical Poems of John O'Dubhagain and Giolla-na-naomh O'Huidhrin: Edited in the original Irish from MSS. in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, Dublin, with translation, notes, and introductory dissertations, by John O'Donovan|date=8 July 1862|publisher=A. Thom.|via=Google Books}}
List of settlements
Below is a list of settlements in Roscommon barony: