Roseodendron
{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Starr 050518-1609 Tabebuia donnell-smithii.jpg
| image_caption = Roseodendron donnell-smithii (syn. Tabebuia donnell-smithii)
| display_parents = 2
| taxon = Roseodendron
| authority = Miranda
| type_species = Roseodendron donnell-smithii
| type_species_authority = (Rose) Miranda
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}
Roseodendron is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae.David J. Mabberley. 2008. Mabberley's Plant-Book third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. {{ISBN|978-0-521-82071-4}} It consists of two species, Roseodendron donnell-smithii and Roseodendron chryseum. The type species for the genus is R. donnell-smithii.Roseodendron In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile (see External links below). Both species are cultivated as ornamentals for their numerous, large, yellow flowers.Anthony Huxley, Mark Griffiths, and Margot Levy (1992). The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening. The Macmillan Press,Limited: London. The Stockton Press: New York. {{ISBN|978-0-333-47494-5}} (set).
Roseodendron donnell-smithii is known colloquially as primavera. It is the larger and more frequently planted of the two species.George W. Staples and Derral R. Herbst. 2005. "A Tropical Garden Flora" Bishop Museum Press: Honolulu, HI, USA. {{ISBN|978-1-58178-039-0}} Its wood is sometimes used to make furniture. It is native to Central America and southern Mexico, but it is also grown throughout the tropics.
Roseodendron chryseum is endemic to the dry forests of northern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela. It is known as araguaney, a name that also applies to Handroanthus chrysanthus. It differs from R. donnell-smithii in its smaller stature, smaller fruit, and more compact inflorescence. The inflorescence is a panicle, but appears racemose because of the short lateral branches and pedicels.Alwyn H. Gentry. 1992. "Bignoniaceae: Part II (Tribe Tecomeae)". Flora Neotropica Monograph 25(part 2):1-373.
Both species have been placed in Cybistax and in Tabebuia, and they were thought to be closely related to Handroanthus. In 2007, a molecular phylogenetic study showed that Roseodendron is not closer to Tabebuia than Ekmanianthe, not closer to Cybistax than are Godmania and Zeyheria, and not closer to Handroanthus than are Spirotecoma, Parmentiera, Crescentia, and Amphitecna.Susan O. Grose and Richard G. Olmstead. 2007. "Evolution of a Charismatic Neotropical Clade: Molecular Phylogeny of Tabebuia s.l., Crescentieae, and Allied Genera (Bignoniaceae)". Systematic Botany 32(3):650-659. The authors recommended that Roseodendron be resurrected from Tabebuia, under which most authors of that time had synonymized it.Susan O. Grose and Richard G. Olmstead. 2007. "Taxonomic Revisions in the Polyphyletic Genus Tabebuia s.l. (Bignoniaceae)". Systematic Botany 32(3):660-670.
Description
- The wood is not especially heavy or hard, like that of Handroanthus.
- The indumentum is of lepidote scales and small glandular hairs.
- The inflorescence has an erect and sturdy central rachis.
- The calyx is spathaceous, usually somewhat viscid, and is soft and thin like the corolla.
- The corolla is yellow and sometimes has thin, red lines.
- The fruit is bullate and irregularly costate.
The calyx texture and inflorescence structure of Roseodendron distinguish it clearly from Handroanthus and Tabebuia. The fruit ridges are much more conspicuous than those of any species of Tabebuia.
History
Roseodendron donnell-smithii was named by Joseph N. Rose in 1892Roseodendron in International Plant Names Index. (see External links below). as a species of Tabebuia.Joseph N. Rose. 1892. Botanical Gazette; Paper of Botanical Notes. 17: 418, tab. 26 (since 1992, International Journal of Plant Sciences). The specific epithet honors Captain John Donnell Smith (1829–1928), a biologist and officer in the Confederate States Army.Elbert L. Little, Jr. and Roger G. Skolmen. 1989. Common Forest Trees of Hawaii. United States Forest Service. pdf by ctahr (2005). (See External links below).
Roseodendron chryseum was named by Sidney Fay Blake in 1918 as a species of Tabebuia.Sidney Fay Blake. 1918. title?. Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University 53( ):50. The specific epithet is derived from a Greek word meaning "gold colored".Chuck Griffith. 2005. Dictionary of Botanical Epithets (website). (See External links below).
Roseodendron donnell-smithii was transferred from Tabebuia to Cybistax by Russell J. Seibert in 1940.Russell J. Seibert. 1940. "Botany of the Maya Area". Publications of the Carnegie Institution of Washington 522:392. Seibert did likewise for R. chryseum soon afterward, in the same year.Russell J. Seibert. 1940. "New names in Cybistax and Tabebuia". Tropical Woods 63:7-8.
The genus Roseodendron was described in 1965 by Faustino Miranda Gonzalez.Faustino Miranda-Gonzalez. 1965. "Estudios acerca de arboles y arbustos de America Tropical principamente de Mexico". Boletin de la Sociedad Botanica de Mexico 29( ):34-49. It was named for Joseph Nelson Rose. Dendron is a Greek word meaning "tree". Miranda assigned to Roseodendron the same 2 species that it includes today.
Both of these species were transferred back to Tabebuia by Alwyn H. Gentry in 1992. In that year, Gentry published a taxonomic revision of Tabebuia in Flora Neotropica. He divided Tabebuia into 10 species groups, including all of the species now placed in Roseodendron and Handroanthus. His group 1 corresponds to Roseodendron.
In 2007, a phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences resolved Roseodendron as one member of a tetratomy that is sister to Sparattosperma, the most basal clade in the Tabebuia alliance. A phylogenetic tree can be seen at Bignoniaceae. The Tabebuia alliance is an informally named monophyletic group that is not placed at any taxonomic rank. It consists of genera that had formerly been placed in the tribe Tecomeae.Richard G. Olmstead, Michelle L. Zjhra, Lúcia G. Lohmann, Susan O. Grose, and Andrew J. Eckert. 2009. "A molecular phylogeny and classification of Bignoniaceae". American Journal of Botany 96(9):1731-1743. {{doi|10.3732/ajb.0900004}}
On 25th of November, 2024, both members of the genus Roseodendron will be put on Appendix II of CITES,{{Cite web |title=Appendicies |url=https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php |access-date=16 May 2024 |website=CITES}} which means that international trade will be controlled for sustainability.
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.botany.si.edu/ing/INGsearch.cfm?searchword=Roseodendron Roseodendron] {{color|green|At:}} [http://www.botany.si.edu/ing/ Index Nominum Genericorum] {{color|green|At:}} [http://www.botany.si.edu/index.htm?references References] {{color|green|At:}} [http://www.botany.si.edu/index.htm NMNH Department of Botany] {{color|green|At:}} [http://www.mnh.si.edu/rc/ Research and Collections] {{color|green|At:}} [http://www.mnh.si.edu/ Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History]
- [http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advPlantNameSearch.do?find_family=&find_genus=Roseodendron+&find_species=&find_infrafamily=&find_infragenus=&find_infraspecies=&find_authorAbbrev=&find_includePublicationAuthors=on&find_includePublicationAuthors=off&find_includeBasionymAuthors=on&find_includeBasionymAuthors=off&find_publicationTitle=&find_isAPNIRecord=on&find_isAPNIRecord=false&find_isGCIRecord=on&find_isGCIRecord=false&find_isIKRecord=on&find_isIKRecord=false&find_rankToReturn=all&output_format=normal&find_sortByFamily=on&find_sortByFamily=off&query_type=by_query&back_page=plantsearch Roseodendron] {{color|green|At:}} [http://www.ipni.org/ipni/plantnamesearchpage.do Plant Names] {{color|green|At:}} [http://www.ipni.org/ IPNI]
- [http://www.winternet.com/~chuckg/dictionary/dictionary.61.html chrysacanthion - ciliosus] {{color|green|At:}} [http://www.winternet.com/~chuckg/dictionary.html Dictionary of Botanical Epithets]
- [http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/forestry/trees/CommonTreesHI/CFT_Roseodendron_donnell_smithii.pdf Primavera] {{color|green|In:}} [http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/forestry/trees/little_skolmen.html Common Forest Trees of Hawaii]
- [http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/advsearch.do Bignoniaceae] At: [http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/advanced.do Advanced Search] At: [http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/prepareChecklist.do;jsessionid=DDBA5456114CA28530C469EF181730E1?checklist=iplants%40%40327221120120516622 Search Tool] At: [http://www.iplants.org/ iplants]
- [http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40027046 Roseodendron (search exact)] At: [http://www.tropicos.org/NameSearch.aspx Names] At: [http://www.tropicos.org Tropicos] At: [http://www.mobot.org/plantscience/default.asp Science and Conservation] At: [http://www.mobot.org Missouri Botanical Garden]
- [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?16336 Roseodendron] At: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?147 List of Genera] At: [https://web.archive.org/web/20120916030658/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?147 Bignoniaceae] At: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/famlist.pl List of Families] At: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxfam.pl?language=en Families and Genera in GRIN] At: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/queries.pl?language=en Queries] At: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/index.pl GRIN taxonomy for plants]
- [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/423308 Digitifolieae] {{color|green|At:}} [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/24079 Bignoniaceae] {{color|green|At:}} [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/4143 Lamiales] {{color|green|At:}} [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/91888 lamiids] {{color|violet|In: ···}} [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/3193 Embryophyta] {{color|green|At:}} [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/131221 Streptophytina] {{color|green|At:}} [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/35493 Streptophyta] {{color|green|At:}} [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/33090 Viridiplantae] {{color|green|At:}} [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/2759 Eukaryota] {{color|green|At:}} [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/ Taxonomy] {{color|green|At:}} [https://www.uniprot.org/ UniProt]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q7368623}}