Rotational mouse

Mechanisms using relative measures of rotation: These devices are able to detect that the mouse has rotated by so many degrees, but cannot accurately identify where the rotation started or ended, increasing their tendency to lose orientation.{{Cite web|title=Optimal Sensor Position for a Computer Mouse|url=https://deepai.org/publication/optimal-sensor-position-for-a-computer-mouse|date=2020-01-10|website=DeepAI|access-date=2020-05-04}}

1985 4 saw the first mention of a rotational mouse by Nomura, H. and Saitoh, A., entitled "mouse" at the IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, vol. 27, no. 6, Novembre 1984. pp. 3423-3424.

Other 2-ball / 4-sensor mouse concepts, patents:

• "Cursor display apparatus" saw a mention of actually rotating objects on screen by rotating the input device, (1989).{{cite patent

|country=US|number=4887230|pubdate=1989-12-12|title=Cursor display apparatus|assign1=Hitachi|assign2=Hitachi Process Computing Engineering Inc.|inventor1-last=Noguchi|inventor1-first=Yasuhiro|inventor2-last=Yamada|inventor2-first=Hitoshi|inventor3-last=Funyu|inventor3-first=Yukio}}

• Guaiá - A three degree of freedom mouse (in Portuguese - Guaiá)
• Orientational mouse computer input system, (1992){{Cite patent|number=5162781|title=Orientational mouse computer input system|inventor1-last=Cambridge|inventor1-first=Vivien J.|country=US|pubdate=1992-11-10|assign1=Automated Decisions Inc.}}
• Multi-dimensional input device, (1994).{{cite patent|country=US|number=5298919|pubdate=1994-03-29|title=Multi-dimensional input device|assign1=Multipoint Technology Corp.|inventor1-last=Chang|inventor1-first=Mingtai}}
• Positioning device reporting X, Y and yaw motion, (1995).{{cite patent|country=US|number=5477237|pubdate=1995-12-19|title=Positioning device reporting X, Y and yaw motion|assign1=Dell Technologies|inventor1-last=Parks|inventor1-first=Terry J.}}
• Twin mouse digitizer, (2000).{{cite patent|country=US|number=6081258|pubdate=2000-06-27|title=Twin mouse digitizer|inventor1-last=Jakubowski|inventor1-first=Marek}}
• Pointing device having rotational sensing mechanisms, (2003).{{cite patent|country=US|number=6618038|pubdate=2003-09-09|title=Pointing device having rotational sensing mechanisms|assign1=Hewlett-Packard|inventor1-last=Bohn|inventor1-first=David D.}}
• Multiple sensor device and method, (2005).{{cite patent|country=US|number=6847353|pubdate=2005-01-25|title=Multiple sensor device and method|assign1=Logitech|inventor1-last=Sasselli|inventor1-first=Nicolas|inventor2-last=Egloff|inventor2-first=Olivier|inventor3-last=Piot|inventor3-first=Julien|inventor4=Bernhard Joss;Olivier Theytaz;Pascal Eichenberger}}
• Multiple sensor device and method, (2008).{{cite patent|country=US|number=7317448|pubdate=2008-01-08|title=Multiple sensor device and method|assign1=Logitech Europe SA|inventor1-last=Sasselli|inventor1-first=Nicolas|inventor2-last=Egloff|inventor2-first=Olivier|inventor3-last=Piot|inventor3-first=Julien|inventor4=Bernhard Joss;Olivier Theytaz;Pascal Eichenberger}}

Unlike the conventional mouse which senses z-axis and y-axis displacement only, these 2-ball or 2-sensor mice are also able to sense z-axis angular motion, calculated by the two sets of x-y displacement data [http://www.sigchi.org/chi97/proceedings/short-talk/sm2.htm].

Within these devices rotation is detected by a mechanical ring.{{cite patent|country=US|number=5936612|pubdate=1999-08-10|title=Computer input device and method for 3-D direct manipulation of graphic objects|inventor1-last=Wang|inventor1-first=Yanqing}} This mechanism was promoted by the Canadian company Handview Inc; however it apparently never made it to production.

A patent titled "Input device" was the first known application of gyros to a rotating mouse.{{cite patent|country=US|number=6130664|pubdate=2000-10-10|title=Input device|assign1=Alps Electric Co. Ltd.|inventor1-last=Suzuki|inventor1-first=Katsutoshi}}

The patent for an "Absolute position controller" is the earliest known reference to this type of input device.{{cite patent|country=US|number=4814553|pubdate=1989-03-21|title=Absolute position controller|assign1=Advanced Robotic Technology Inc.|inventor1-last=Joyce|inventor1-first=Stephen A.}} However, it was the patent for an orientational mouse computer input system, which suggested using a tablet with a detectable pattern or grid and sensors in the puck for computer navigation.

The [http://www.wacom.com/index.html Wacom] Intuos 4D Mouse puck was the first commercial rotating “mouse.” The product was not a standalone mouse but rather a tablet accessory.

The Orbita mouse is the first commercially released non-tablet rotating mouse. Licensed and commercialized by Australian company [http://www.cyberesport.com Cyber Sport], the Orbita is equipped with a patented compass mechanism which solved the problems which plagued earlier rotating mechanisms. The inbuilt compass provides the mouse with ability to detect rotation based on the Earth's magnetic field so that it can accurately maintain orientation once the ‘up’ direction is specified. The round design makes it completely rotatable, spinning freely on ball bearings, and is usable at any angle due to the ‘push and squeeze’ button configuration encased in a silicone soft shell. The mouse reports rotation as scroll wheel commands so compatible with most applications.

Due to the round shape the Orbita mouse is commonly confused as being similar to the original, circular USB iMac mouse. However, the two mice are functionally different, primarily because the iMac's mouse is not a rotating mouse. The Orbita, unlike the Puck mouse, is designed to be ergonomic, with the round shape lending practical aid to the mouse's spinning action, and is not a purely æsthetic trait.

• [http://www.dgp.toronto.edu/~ravin/papers/chi97_rockmouse.pdf Rockin’ mouse]: A 3D mouse that rocks, rather than rotates.
• [http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/groups/adapt/videomouse.pdf Videomouse]: A mouse that provides 6DOF
• 3D Controllers used as a complement for a mouse:

:1. [http://www.3dconnexion.com/products/spacenavigator.html 3D Connexion Space Navigator] : A USB motion controller for navigating 3D applications.

:2. [http://www.spatialfreedom.com/pages/Astroid.htm Spatial Freedom Astroid]: A rotating orb input device used to move 3D graphics objects.

• Trackballs. For example, the [http://us.kensington.com/html/2200.html Kensington Expert Mouse]: A large track ball surrounded by a scroll ring.
• Gyroscopic mice:

:1. [http://www.logitech.com/index.cfm/mice_pointers/mice/devices/3443&cl=us,enZ Logitech Air mouse]: A wireless mouse that can control a computer cursor by being moved through the air, equipped with media features.

:2. Wii Remote: A motion sensing wand which is the primary controller for Nintendo's Wii console.

{{Reflist}}

• MacKenzie, I. S., Soukoreff, R. W., & Pal, C. (1997). A two-ball mouse affords three degrees of freedom. Extended Abstractsn of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems – CHI '97, pp. 303–304. New York: ACM. doi:10.1145/1120212.1120405 [PDF] [video]
• Merkle, Luiz Ernesto (1991) Guaiá - Um Dispositivo Sensor de Três Graus de Liberdade para Posicionamento no Plano. Master of Science in Industrial Informatics. Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. (Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica do Paraná. Paraná Federal Center of Educational Technology. Curso de Pós-Graduação em Informática Industrial.
• Merkle, Luiz Ernesto and Scheer, Sergio (1992) Guaiá: Um mouse com três graus de liberdade. Anais do SIBGRAPI V. p187-192. Available at http://sibgrapi.sid.inpe.br/col/sid.inpe.br/sibgrapi/2012/10.23.00.26/doc/22%20Guaia%20um%20mouse%20com%20tres%20graus%20de%20liberdade.pdf Also available at https://www.academia.edu/28212871/Guai%C3%A1_um_mouse_com_tr%C3%AAs_graus_de_liberdade
• Nomura, H. and Saitoh, A., entitled "mouse" at the IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, vol. 27, no. 6, November 1984. pp. 3423-3424.

Category:Computer mice