Royal Academy Summer Exhibition

{{Short description|Annual open art exhibition in England}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}

{{Use British English|date=August 2015}}

File:Royal academy summer exhibition varnishing day 2015 room scene.jpg

File:Frith A Private View.jpg by William Powell Frith, depicting Oscar Wilde and other Victorian worthies at a private view of the 1881 exhibition]]

The Summer Exhibition is an open art exhibition held annually by the Royal Academy in Burlington House, Piccadilly in central London, England, during the months of June, July, and August. The exhibition includes paintings, prints, drawings, sculpture, architectural designs and models, and is the largest and most popular open exhibition in the United Kingdom.{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/culturepicturegalleries/8552485/The-Royal-Academy-of-Arts-Summer-Exhibition-2011.html| title=The Royal Academy of Arts Summer Exhibition 2011 | work=Culture, The Telegraph | access-date=4 July 2011 | location=UK | date=2 June 2011}} It is also "the longest continuously staged exhibition of contemporary art in the world".{{cite journal |title=The Royal Academy remains a great asset that must never be squandered |journal=Apollo |date=15 May 2018 |url=https://www.apollo-magazine.com/royal-academy-anniversary-celebrations |access-date=8 June 2019}}

When the Royal Academy was founded in 1768 one of its key objectives was to establish an annual exhibition, open to all artists of merit, which could be visited by the public. The first Summer Exhibition took place in 1769; it has been held every year since without exception.

History

File:The Council of the Royal Academy Selecting Pictures for the Exhibition, 1875.png by Charles West Cope]]

In 1768, a group of artists visited King George III and sought his permission to establish a society for Arts and Design. They proposed the idea of an annual exhibition and a school design. King George III approved of the idea and the first exhibition, in 1769, included 136 works. The name Summer Exhibition dates from 1870.

Selection process

Today, around 1,000 works are selected each year from as many as 32,000 entries representing some 16,000 artists.{{citation needed|date=June 2011}} Any artist (living, known or unknown) may submit up to two works at a fee of £40 per piece for selection by The Summer Exhibition Selection and Hanging Committee.{{citation needed|date=June 2011}} Due to the significant increase in the volume of entries over recent years, the number of entries per artist was reduced to 2 (from 3) and the fee was increased per piece. The committee is formed from the Council of Academicians (the governing body of the RA) and is traditionally chaired by the President of the Royal Academy. In addition to those works selected by the committee, all 80 Academicians are entitled to have six of their own pieces in the exhibition.

For the 2006 exhibition, the academy received a statue and a plinth from David Hensel. By mistake, the two parts were judged independently, with the result that the statue was rejected and the plinth put on display.{{cite news | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1521330/Artist-laughs-his-head-off-at-the-RA.html | title=Artist laughs his head off at the RA | author=Sally Pook | date=15 June 2006 | publisher=The Telegraph}} Some artists apply repeatedly before being selected: in 2024 Alison Aye's accepted piece Shifting to the Moon was her 31st submission.{{cite news |last1=Fisher |first1=Alice |title=‘I don’t know if I like it’: artist finally shown at Royal Academy after 31 attempts |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/article/2024/jun/08/i-dont-know-if-i-like-it-artist-finally-shown-at-royal-academy-after-31-attempts |access-date=10 June 2024 |work=The Observer |date=8 June 2024}}

Exhibition

File:Royal academy summer exhibition varnishing day 2015 arrival at St James's edited.jpg

The RA Summer Exhibition usually opens to the public in early June, preceded by a series of private viewings. The main event is called "Varnishing Day", the day that, according to popular legend, artists would come to add a final coat of varnish to their paintings (compare: vernissage). Traditionally, artists walk in procession from Burlington House to St James's Church, Piccadilly, where a service is held. At the opening reception the shortlists for various prizes are announced.

Some years have particular themes. The 2005 exhibition theme was "Printmaking and the multiple". In 2006, the theme was "From Life." In 2008, the theme was "Man Made". The theme for 2010 was "Raw".{{cite web |url-status=dead |url=http://www.royalacademy.org.uk/exhibitions/summer-exhibition/ |title=Summer Exhibition 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080808114045/http://www.royalacademy.org.uk/exhibitions/summer-exhibition |archive-date=8 August 2008 |website=Royal Academy of Arts |date=2010}} In 2011, the selection committee agreed to have no specific theme.{{citation needed|date=June 2011}}

Almost all exhibited works are for sale; the Academy receives 30% of the purchase price. In 2003, this amounted to a sum of some £2,000,000 for the institution, which receives no financial support from the state or crown.{{citation needed|date=July 2011}}

=Coordinators=

  • 2005 Stephen Farthing and Christopher Orr{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2005/jun/05/art1 | date = 5 June 2005 | access-date = 14 March 2018 | first = Caroline | last = Boucher | newspaper = The Observer | location = London | title = No longer a hanging offence }}
  • 2010 Stephen Chambers{{Cite web |last=Davey |first=Richard |title=2010 Rawness and Artists' Books |url=https://chronicle250.com/2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617115837/https://chronicle250.com/2010 |archive-date=17 June 2024 |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=Royal Academy Chronicle}}
  • 2011 Christopher Le Brun{{Cite web |title=2011 Christopher Le Brun on Coordinating the Show |url=https://chronicle250.com/2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528191019/https://chronicle250.com/2011 |archive-date=28 May 2023 |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=Royal Academy Chronicle}}
  • 2012 Tess Jaray{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2012/may/30/royal-academy-summer-exhibition-2012 | date = 30 May 2012 | access-date = 14 March 2018 | first = Maev | last = Kennedy | newspaper = The Guardian | location = London | title = Royal Academy summer exhibition rolls into town }}
  • 2013 Eva Jiřičná and Norman Ackroyd{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2013/jun/05/royal-academy-summer-exhibition | date = 5 June 2013 | access-date = 14 March 2018 | first = Marc | last = Brown | newspaper = The Guardian | location = London | title = Nonagenarians make mark at 2013 Royal Academy summer exhibition}}
  • 2014 Hughie O'Donoghue{{Cite web |title=Summer Exhibition 2014 {{!}} Exhibition {{!}} Royal Academy of Arts |url=https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/exhibition/summer-exhibition-2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617115025/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/exhibition/summer-exhibition-2014 |archive-date=17 June 2024 |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=Royal Academy of Arts}}
  • 2015 Michael Craig-Martin{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2015/jun/05/royal-academy-summer-exhibition-michael-craig-martin| date = 5 June 2015 | access-date = 14 March 2018 | first = Hannah | last = Ellis-Petersen | newspaper = The Guardian | location = London | title = Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition goes on a candy cavalcade}}
  • 2016 Yinka Shonibare{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/jonathanjonesblog/2016/may/18/yinka-shonibare-mural-royal-academy | date = 18 May 2016 | access-date = 14 March 2018 | first = Jonathan | last = Jones | author-link = Jonathan Jones (journalist) | newspaper = The Guardian | location = London | title = Radical or retrogade? Yinka Shonibare can't redeem the Royal Academy}}
  • 2017 Eileen Cooper{{cite news | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/art/what-to-see/summer-exhibition-royal-academy-arts-review-dependably-reassuring/ | date = 2 June 2017 | access-date = 14 March 2018 | first = Alastair | last = Sooke | newspaper = The Daily Telegraph | location = London | title = Summer Exhibition, Royal Academy of Arts, review: The dependably reassuring last word in déjà-vu}}
  • 2018 Grayson Perry{{cite news | url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-42351627 | date = 14 December 2017 | access-date = 14 March 2018 | publisher = BBC News | title = Grayson Perry to chair Summer Exhibition art show}}{{cite news | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/art/features/grayson-perry-claire-turner-prize-grayson-perry-royal-academy-making-meaning-donald-trump-toby-young-a8162271.html | date = 16 January 2018 | access-date = 14 March 2018 | first = Alison | last = Cole | newspaper = The Independent | location = London | title = How Grayson Perry is taking on America: 'People want to be provoked, but not catastrophically'}}
  • 2019 Jock McFadyen{{cite news |last1=Jones |first1=Jonathan |title=Summer Exhibition review – a moronic monument to British mediocrity |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2019/jun/06/summer-exhibition-review-royal-academy |access-date=8 June 2019 |work=The Guardian |date=6 June 2019}}
  • 2020 Jane and Louise Wilson{{Cite web |title=Summer Exhibition 2020 {{!}} Exhibition {{!}} Royal Academy of Arts |url=https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/exhibition/summer-exhibition-2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617114701/https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/exhibition/summer-exhibition-2020 |archive-date=17 June 2024 |access-date=17 June 2024 |website=Royal Academy of Arts}}
  • 2021 Yinka Shonibare{{Cite web |title=Royal Academy Summer Exhibition 2021 |url=https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/exhibition/summer-exhibition-2021 |access-date=May 19, 2023 |website=Royal Academy}}
  • 2022 Alison Wilding{{Cite web |title=Royal Academy Summer Exhibition 2022 |url=https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/exhibition/summer-exhibition-2022 |access-date=May 19, 2023 |website=Royal Academy}}
  • 2023 David Remfry{{Cite web |title=Royal Academy Summer Exhibition 2023 |url=https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/exhibition/summer-exhibition-2023 |access-date=May 19, 2023 |website=Royal Academy}}
  • 2024 Ann Christopher{{cite web |title=Summer Exhibition 2024 |url=https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/exhibition/summer-exhibition-2024 |website=www.royalacademy.org.uk |publisher=Royal Academy of Arts |access-date=10 June 2024 |language=en}}

Awards

Over £70,000 prize money, including the £25,000 Charles Wollaston Award, is awarded each year at the Summer Exhibition. In addition, a £10,000 architectural prize is awarded.R. Waite, [http://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/cash-prizes-return-for-royal-academy-summer-exhibition/8678840.article "Cash prizes return for Royal Academy Summer Exhibition"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120193057/https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/cash-prizes-return-for-royal-academy-summer-exhibition/8678840.article |date=20 January 2019 }}, architectsjournal.co.uk, 22 February 2015.

=Winners of Charles Wollaston Award=

class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"

|+

!Year

!Artist

!Artwork

!Medium

!Exhibited

!View

!Ref.

1978

|Peter Greenham

|Lady Bonham Carter

|Oil on canvas

|Gallery I

|[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/greenham-lady-bonham-carter-t06656 Tate]

|{{Cite web |last=Finch |first=James |title=1978 The First Wollaston Award |url=https://chronicle250.com/1978 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613222537/https://chronicle250.com/1978 |archive-date=13 June 2024 |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=Royal Academy Chronicle}}

1979

|Roger de Grey

|Marennes

|Oil on canvas

|Gallery III

|

|{{Cite web |title=Roger de Grey {{!}} Grosvenor Gallery |url=https://www.grosvenorgallery.com/usr/library/documents/main/rogerdegrey.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623223336/https://www.grosvenorgallery.com/usr/library/documents/main/rogerdegrey.pdf |archive-date=23 June 2024 |access-date=23 June 2024 |website=Grosvenor Gallery}}

1980

|Anthony Gross

|

|

|

|

|

1981

|

|

|

|

|

|

1982

|Robert Buhler

|

|

|

|

|

1983

|

|

|

|

|

|

1984

|

|

|

|

|

|

1985

|

|

|

|

|

|

1986

|

|

|

|

|

|

1987

|John Bellany

|

|

|

|

|

1988

|

|

|

|

|

|

1989

|

|

|

|

|

|

1990

|

|

|

|

|

|

1991

|Neil Jeffries

|

|

|

|

|{{Cite web |title=Jeffries, Neil, b.1959 {{!}} Art UK |url=https://artuk.org/discover/artists/jeffries-neil-b-1959 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623214155/https://artuk.org/discover/artists/jeffries-neil-b-1959 |archive-date=23 June 2024 |access-date=23 June 2024 |website=Art UK}}

1992

|Sandra Blow

|Whisperings

|Acrylic

|Gallery III

|

|{{Cite web |title=Sandra Blow - The Women's Art Collection : The Women's Art Collection |url=https://womensart.murrayedwards.cam.ac.uk/artist/sandra-blow/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623215418/https://womensart.murrayedwards.cam.ac.uk/artist/sandra-blow/ |archive-date=23 June 2024 |access-date=23 June 2024 |website=The Women's Art Collection}}

1993

|

|

|

|

|

|

1994

|Robert Medley

|Preparation for the Execution

|Oil on canvas

|Gallery II

|[https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/work-of-art/preparation-for-execution Royal Academy]

|{{Cite web |last=Chanin |first=Eileen |title=1994 Cultivating Design Arts |url=https://chronicle250.com/1994 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611003134/https://chronicle250.com/1994 |archive-date=11 June 2023 |access-date=16 June 2024 |website=Royal Academy Chronicle}}

1995

|Barry Flanagan

|The Cricketer

|Bronze

|Courtyard

|[https://www.jesus.cam.ac.uk/college/events-and-exhibitions/permanent-collection Jesus College, Cambridge]

|{{Cite web |last=Finch |first=James |title=1995 Sculpture Returns to the Courtyard |url=https://chronicle250.com/1995 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611005029/https://chronicle250.com/1995 |archive-date=11 June 2023 |access-date=16 June 2024 |website=Royal Academy Chronicle}}

1996

|Jeffery Camp

|

|

|

|

|{{Cite web |date=13 May 2020 |title=Jeffery Camp, veteran figurative painter of unique vision who taught at the Slade – obituary |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2020/05/13/jeffery-camp-veteran-figurative-painter-unique-vision-taught/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624153116/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2020/05/13/jeffery-camp-veteran-figurative-painter-unique-vision-taught/ |archive-date=24 June 2024 |access-date=24 June 2024 |website=The Daily Telegraph}}

1997

|R. B. Kitaj

|Sandra Three

|Mixed media — [https://chronicle250.com/1996#figure2 view installation]

|Gallery II

|Centrepiece at [https://www.afmuseet.no/en/artwork/the-killer-critic-assassinated-by-his-widower-even/ Astrup Fearnley Museet]

|

1998

|John Hoyland

|Tree Music 6.3.98

|Acrylic on cotton

|Gallery VI

|Private Collection

|{{Cite web |last=Cornish |first=Sam |title=1998 Sheffield, Bali, Piccadilly |url=https://chronicle250.com/1998 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616175429/https://chronicle250.com/1998 |archive-date=16 June 2024 |access-date=16 June 2024 |website=Royal Academy Chronicle}}

1999

|David Hockney

|A Bigger Grand Canyon

|Oil on sixty canvases

|Lecture Room

|[https://searchthecollection.nga.gov.au/object/20923 National Gallery of Australia]

|{{cite news |last=Gibbons |first=Fiachra |date=29 June 1999 |title=Hockney wins summer exhibition prize |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/jun/29/fiachragibbons |access-date=14 March 2018 |newspaper=The Guardian |location=London}}

2000

|Gerard Hemsworth

|Between Heaven and Hell 1998

|Acrylic on canvas

|Gallery IV

|

|{{Cite web |last=Darwent |first=Charles |date=24 February 2021 |title=Gerard Hemsworth obituary {{!}} Art {{!}} The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2021/feb/24/gerard-hemsworth-obituary |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623154445/https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2021/feb/24/gerard-hemsworth-obituary |archive-date=23 June 2024 |access-date=23 June 2024 |website=The Guardian}}

2001

|Marc Quinn

|Catherine Long

|Marble

|Large Weston Room

|

|{{Cite web |last=Ezard |first=John |date=26 June 2001 |title=BritArt takes top academy prize {{!}} UK news {{!}} The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2001/jun/26/arts.highereducation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623153153/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2001/jun/26/arts.highereducation |archive-date=23 June 2024 |access-date=23 June 2024 |website=The Guardian}}

2002

|Alan Charlton

|Vertical Painting in 20

|Acrylic on canvas

|Gallery IV

|

|{{Cite web |date=1 August 2002 |title=artnet.com Magazine News{{!}} Artnet News {{!}} 8/1/02 |url=http://www.artnet.com/magazine/news/artnetnews2/artnetnews8-1-02.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623170324/http://www.artnet.com/magazine/news/artnetnews2/artnetnews8-1-02.asp |archive-date=23 June 2024 |access-date=23 June 2024 |website=Artnet}}

2003

|Jake and Dinos Chapman

|Marriage of Reason and Squalor II

|Painted Bronze

|Gallery I

|

|[https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2003/jun/27/arts.artsnews "Chapman brothers win £25,000 prize"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190104094759/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2003/jun/27/arts.artsnews|date=4 January 2019}}, The Guardian, 27 June 2003.

2004

|

|

|

|

|

|

2005

|

|

|

|

|

|

2006

|Chantal Joffe

|Blond Girl - Black Dress

|Oil on board

|Gallery III

|

|{{Cite web |date=22 June 2006 |title=BBC NEWS {{!}} Entertainment {{!}} British artist wins £25,000 prize |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/5107618.stm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624191357/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/5107618.stm |archive-date=24 June 2024 |access-date=24 June 2024 |website=BBC News}}

2007

|Gavin Turk

|Dumb Candle

|Wood

|Gallery I

|

|{{Cite web |date=25 June 2007 |title=Gavin Turk Wins Charles Wollaston Award |url=https://www.artforum.com/news/gavin-turk-wins-charles-wollaston-award-180502/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624154343/https://www.artforum.com/news/gavin-turk-wins-charles-wollaston-award-180502/ |archive-date=24 June 2024 |access-date=24 June 2024 |website=Artforum}}

2008

|Jeff Koons

|Cracked Egg (Blue) 1994-2006

|High chromium stainless steel with transparent colour coating

|Central Hall

|

|

2009

|Richard Wilson

|

|

|

|

|

2010

|Yinka Shonibare

|Crash Willy

|Mannequin, Dutch wax printed cotton textile, leather, fibreglass and metal

|Wohl Central Hall

|

|{{Cite web |last=Lambirth |first=Andrew |date=26 June 2010 |title=Kaleidoscopic vision {{!}} The Spectator |url=https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/kaleidoscopic-vision/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623173258/https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/kaleidoscopic-vision/ |archive-date=23 June 2024 |access-date=23 June 2024 |website=The Spectator}}

2011

|Alison Wilding

|Take a Deep Breath…

|Painted foam, copper and fibreglass resin

|Lecture Room

|

|[http://www.cornerhousepublications.org/books/books-news/alison-wilding-wins-the-charles-wollaston-award-2011 "Alison Wilding wins the Charles Wollaston Award 2011"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200624192108/https://www.cornerhousepublications.org/books/books-news/alison-wilding-wins-the-charles-wollaston-award-2011/|date=24 June 2020}}, cornerhousepublications.org, 20 June 2011.

2012

|Anselm Kiefer

|Samson

|Oil, acrylic, steel, pastel and charcoal

|Large Weston Room

|

|

2013

|El Anatsui

|TSIATSIA – searching for connection

|Aluminium (bottle tops, printing plates, roofing sheets) and copper wire

|Courtyard

(facade of the RA)

|

|[http://www.octobergallery.co.uk/exhibitions/tsiatsia.shtml "El Anatsui wins the prestigious Charles Wollaston Award for his work at the Royal Academy of Arts, 245th Summer Exhibition"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220005747/http://www.octobergallery.co.uk/exhibitions/tsiatsia.shtml|date=20 December 2019}}, octobergallery.co.uk.

2014

|Wolfgang Tillmans

|Greifbar 1

|Inkjet print

|Gallery IX

|

|[http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/victoria-sadler/summer-exhibition-2014-ro_b_5522914.html "Summer Exhibition 2014, Royal Academy of Arts"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207075515/https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/victoria-sadler/summer-exhibition-2014-ro_b_5522914.html|date=7 February 2019}}, The Huffington Post, 24 June 2014.

2015

|Rose Wylie

|Herr Rehlinger In White Armour

|Oil on canvas

|Gallery III

|

|

2016

|David Nash

|Big Black

|Charred redwood

|Gallery IV

|

|

2017

|Isaac Julien

|Western Union: Small Boats

|Five screen projection

|Gallery X

|

|

2018

|Mike Nelson

|Untitled (Public sculpture for a redundant space)

|Sleeping bag, concrete and rubble

|The Annenberg Courtyard & Staircase

|[https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/work-of-art/untitled-public-sculpture-for-a-redundant-space Royal Academy]

|

2019

|Joe Tilson

|Finestra Venezia

|Thirty-six Murano glass works for the Grande Albergo Ausonia and Hungaria

|Gallery II

|

|

2020

|

|

|

|

|

|

2021

|Naomi Gakunga

|Wetereire – Waiting

|Stainless steel wire, sheet metal and paper

|Lecture Room

|

|

2022

|Uta Kögelsberger

|Cull

|Video

|Small Weston Room

|

|

2023

|Kara Walker

|The Omicron Variations

|Ink on paper

|Gallery III

|

|{{Cite web |last=Westall |first=Mark |date=16 June 2023 |title=The Royal Academy has revealed the winners of the Summer Exhibition 2023 prizes. - FAD Magazine |url=https://fadmagazine.com/2023/06/16/the-royal-academy-has-revealed-the-winners-of-the-summer-exhibition-2023-prizes/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615185755/https://fadmagazine.com/2023/06/16/the-royal-academy-has-revealed-the-winners-of-the-summer-exhibition-2023-prizes/ |archive-date=15 June 2024 |access-date=15 June 2024 |website=FAD Magazine}}

2024

|Tracey Emin

|Did it Ever Get Any Better

|Acrylic on canvas

|Gallery III

|

|

Reception

The exhibition has received both admiration and criticism. Jonathan Jones described it in 2019 as the "bloated corpse of a tradition ... [with] a tired, inward looking, end-of-the-road quality".

An exhibition about the history of the Summer Exhibition, The Great Spectacle, was held in 2018.{{cite news |last1=Jones |first1=Jonathan |title=Summer Exhibition/The Great Spectacle review – a Grayson revolution |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2018/jun/05/summer-exhibition-the-great-spectacle-review-grayson-perry-royal-academy |access-date=8 June 2019 |work=The Guardian |date=5 June 2018}}

References

{{Reflist}}

{{commons category|Royal Academy summer exhibition}}

Further reading

  • {{cite book |editor=Staley, A. |url=http://cdm16028.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15324coll10/id/202802 |title=The Royal Academy (1837–1901) revisited: Victorian paintings from the Forbes magazine Collection |location=New York |publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art |year=1975}} (see index)
  • The Great Spectacle: 250 Years of the Royal Academy Summer Exhibition (2018), by Mark Hallett and Sarah Victoria Turner
  • Posters: A Century of Summer Exhibitions at the Royal Academy (2015), by Mark Pomeroy