Ru Zhijuan
{{Short description|Chinese writer}}
{{Infobox writer
|name=Ru Zhijuan
|language=Chinese
|birth_place=Shanghai, Republic of China
|birth_date={{birth date|1925|10|30}}
|death_place=Shanghai, People's Republic of China
|death_date={{death date and age|1998|10|7|1925|10|30}}
|notableworks="Lilies" (1958)
|spouse=Wang Xiaoping (王啸平)
|children=3, including Wang Anyi
|module={{Infobox Chinese|child=yes|s={{linktext|茹|志|鹃}}|t={{linktext|茹|志|鵑}}|p=Rú Zhìjuān|w=Ju2 Chih4-chüan1}}
}}
{{family name hatnote|Ru|lang=Chinese}}
Ru Zhijuan (Wade–Giles: Ju Chih-chüan, 30 October 1925 – 7 October 1998) was a Chinese writer best known for her short stories.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S7C9xtFKGWEC&pg=PA133 |title=A History of Contemporary Chinese Literature |pages=133–35 |year=2007 |isbn=978-9004157545 |last=Hong |first=Zicheng|publisher=BRILL }} Ru was one of the most important writers of her generation.{{Cite book |title=Reading the Modern Chinese Short Story |last=Hegel |first=Robert E. |chapter=Political Integration in Ru Zhijuan's 'Lilies' |editor-last=Huters |editor-first=Theodore |year=1990 |publisher=M.E. Sharpe |pages=92–104 |isbn=0-87332-572-9}} Her second daughter Wang Anyi is also a famous writer.
Biography
Ru Zhijuan, the youngest of 5 children, was born in Shanghai to migrants from Hangzhou. When she was 3, her mother died and her father left; she and a brother were raised by their grandmother. She did not begin primary school until age 10, and a year later moved to Hangzhou with her grandmother, who died shortly after. She was sent to an orphanage in Shanghai. After a year each at a women's vocational school, a Christian missionary boarding school for girls, and a county school, she graduated from secondary school with only four years of schooling. She taught school for a short time in 1943 before joining the propaganda division of the New Fourth Army. In 1944, she married Wang Xiaoping, who was born in Singapore but arrived in China to fight the Japanese during the Second Sino-Japanese War. In 1947, she joined the Chinese Communist Party.
In 1955, she became the editor of the Monthly for Literature and Art, retiring in 1960 to write full-time.
The 1958 short story "Lilies" was criticized by some for its "bourgeois sentimentality" but became popular after it was praised by Minister of Culture and author Mao Dun. Many of her stories of this period were intended to show popular support for the revolution and the communist party. She also dealt with the changes in Chinese society from traditional values. She did not publish any work from 1962 to 1965, because it was felt at the time that her work dealt with the worries of everyday people rather than more important issues.
She regained favour when the values from the Cultural Revolution were being reconsidered. They are generally critical of earlier policies and promote the new social norms.{{Cite book |title=Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women: The Twentieth Century, 1912-2000 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XOGdnCPJSOMC&pg=PA432 |pages=432–34 |isbn=0765607980 |year=2003 |last=Lee |first=Lily Xiao Hong| publisher=M.E. Sharpe }}
She served as Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary for the Shanghai Writer's Association. She died in Shanghai at the age of 73.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bkJ1QrAxZAAC&pg=PA161 |title=The A to Z of Modern Chinese Literature |pages=161–62 |year=2010 |isbn=978-1461731870 |last=Ying |first=Li-hua|publisher=Scarecrow Press }}
Her daughter Wang Anyi also became a prominent writer.{{Cite book |last=Tu |first=Hang |title=Sentimental Republic: Chinese Intellectuals and the Maoist Past |publisher=Harvard University Asia Center |year=2025 |isbn=9780674297579}}{{Rp|page=147}}
Works translated into English
Filmography
| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
| Year
!English title !Chinese title !class="unsortable"|Notes | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | Their Wishes | 她们的心愿 | Segment 3: "Just Mention Your Need" (只要你说一声需要) |
| 1961 | Spring Hastens the Blossoms Blooming | 春催桃李 | Co-wrote with Ai Mingzhi |
Major awards
- 1980: 2nd National Short Story Prize, "A Story Out of Sequence" ("A Badly Edited Story")
References
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Category:Short story writers from Shanghai
Category:20th-century Chinese women writers
Category:International Writing Program alumni
Category:Chinese women short story writers
Category:Chinese women essayists