Rufous-headed tanager

{{Short description|Species of bird}}

{{Speciesbox

| name = Rufous-headed tanager

| image = Hemithraupis ruficapilla.jpg

| status = LC

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| status_ref = {{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=Hemithraupis ruficapilla |volume=2016 |page=e.T22722275A94758716 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22722275A94758716.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}

| genus = Hemithraupis

| species = ruficapilla

| authority = (Vieillot, 1818)

| synonyms =

| range_map = Hemithraupis ruficapilla map.svg

}}

The rufous-headed tanager (Hemithraupis ruficapilla) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae. It is endemic to Brazil.

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, and heavily degraded former forest.