Rufous-rumped seedeater

{{Short description|Species of bird}}

{{speciesbox

| name = Rufous-rumped seedeater

| image = Sporophila hypochroma - Red-rumped seedeater (male).jpg

| status = NT

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| status_ref = {{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2018 |title=Sporophila hypochroma |volume=2018 |page=e.T22723495A132165838 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22723495A132165838.en |access-date=11 November 2021}}

| genus = Sporophila

| species = hypochroma

| authority = Todd, 1915

| synonyms =

| range_map = Sporophila hypochroma map.svg

}}

The rufous-rumped seedeater (Sporophila hypochroma), also known as the grey-and-chestnut seedeater, is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae. It breeds in southern Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay. It migrates northward to Bolivia, the Pantanal and central Brazil. Its natural habitats are dry savanna, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, and pastureland. It is threatened by habitat loss.