Rumpler C.VII#Design and development
{{Short description|German reconnaissance aircraft in WWI}}
| {{Infobox Aircraft Begin
| name= C.VII | image=Rumpler C.VII.jpg | caption=Rumpler C.VII (c. 1917) }}{{Infobox Aircraft Type | type=Reconnaissance aircraft | national origin=Germany | manufacturer=Rumpler | designer= | first flight=1917 | introduced= | retired= | status= | primary user= | number built= | developed from= | variants with their own articles= }} |
The Rumpler C.VII was a military reconnaissance aircraft built in Germany during World War I.Taylor 1989, p. 771. It was developed from the C.IV and optimised for high-altitude missions that would allow it to operate at heights that would render it immune to interception by enemy fighters.The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft 1985, p. 2834. Work on the C.VII took place after a similar attempt to develop the C.III into a high-altitude machine as the C.V failed.The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft 1985, p. 2833.
Design and development
The most significant difference between the C.IV and C.VII was the choice of the Maybach Mb IVa engine to replace the Mercedes D.IV. Although the Maybach engine was around 8% less powerful than the Mercedes (when measured at the sea level), it could continue to provide most of its power output while at altitude, where power from the Mercedes engine decreased more rapidly as height increased. Other changes included wings of slightly greater area and an airscrew of larger diameter.Gray and Thetford 1962, p. 203. The crew were provided with oxygen generators and electrically-heated flight suits.Murphy 2005, p. 122.
Rumpler produced the C.VII in two versions: a standard radio-equipped reconnaissance machine, and a photographic version named the Rubild (or Rubilt) a contraction of Rumpler Bildaufklärer (photo reconnaissance).
Operational history
The two versions of the Rumpler C.VII were in service simultaneously. The standard C.VII was used for armed long-distance reconnaissance. The armament was one fixed, synchronized LMG 08/15 Spandau machine gun firing forward, and one manually operated 7.92 mm (.312 in) Parabellum MG14 machine gun at the observer/gunner's rear position (the observer also operated a radio). The Rubild was a "stripped-down" version that dispensed with the forward gun and eliminated all other extraneous equipment in order to carry specialized cameras.
The Rubild was capable of operating as high as 7,300 m (24,000 ft), and could maintain 160 km/h (100 mph) at 6,100 m (20,000 ft).Gray and Thetford 1962, p. 202. The high-altitude version proved practically invulnerable to interception above 5,500 m (18,000 ft).Gray and Thetford 1962, p. 204.
Allied combat reports most often featured the high-flying Rubild. The type was particularly difficult to intercept,Gray and Thetford 1962, pp. 203–204. as the Allied fighters were seldom able even to climb to such altitude. According to noted ace James McCudden, "It was an exception to the rule to see an [ S.E.5 ] above 17,000 feet." One of the few Allied fighters able to reach such altitudes, and hence capable of intercepting the Rubild, was the Sopwith Dolphin.
At the end of the war, at least one Rumpler C.VII was captured and sent to the United States.
Operators
;{{flag|German Empire}}
;{{SUI}}
;{{USA}}
;{{flag|Kingdom of Yugoslavia}}
- Yugoslav Royal Air Force - Postwar.
Specifications (''Rubild'')
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=Kroschel and Stützer 1994, p. 147.
|prime units? = met
|crew=Two, pilot and observer
|length m=8.20
|length ft=26
|length in=11
|span m=12.65
|span ft=41
|span in=6
|height m=3.20
|height ft=10
|height in=6
|wing area sqm=34.8
|wing area sqft=374
|empty weight kg=1,050
|empty weight lb=2,310
|gross weight kg=1,485
|gross weight lb=3,267
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=Maybach Mb.IVa
|eng1 kw=180
|eng1 hp=245
|max speed kmh=175
|max speed mph=110
|range km=585
|range miles=365
|ceiling m=7,300
|ceiling ft=24,000
|armament = *1 × trainable, rearward-firing 7.92 mm (.312 in) machine gun
}}
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References
=Notes=
{{reflist|30em}}
=Bibliography=
- Gray, Peter and Owen Thetford. German Aircraft of the First World War. London: Putnam, 1962.
- {{cite book |last1=Herris |first1=Jack |title=Rumpler Aircraft of WWI: A Centennial Perspective on Great War Airplanes |date=2014 |publisher=Aeronaut Books |location=n.p. |isbn=978-1-935881-21-6|series=Great War Aviation Centennial Series|volume=11}}
- The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft. London: Aerospace Publishing, 1985.
- Kroschel, Günter and Helmut Stützer. Die Deutschen Militärflugzeuge 1910–1918 (in German). Wilhelmshaven: Herford Verlag, E.S. Mittler & Sohn, 1994. {{ISBN|3-920602-18-8}}.
- Murphy, Justin D. Military Aircraft: Origins to 1918: An Illustrated History of their Impact.. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-Clio, 2005. {{ISBN|1-85109-488-1}}.
- Taylor, Michael J. H. Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions, 1989. {{ISBN|0-517-10316-8}}.
External links
{{commons category|Rumpler C.VII}}
- [http://www.luftfahrtmuseum.com/htmi/itf/ruc7.htm Rumpler C VII]
- [http://www.earlyaviators.com/eekstrom.htm J. Ekstrom, US aviator who flew a Rumpler C VII post-First World War]
{{Rumpler aircraft}}
{{Idflieg C-class designations}}
Category:1910s German military reconnaissance aircraft
Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft