Russian Arctic National Park
{{Short description|National park of Russia}}
{{Expand French|topic=geo|Parc national de l'Arctique russe|date=July 2012}}
{{Infobox Protected area
| name = Russian Arctic National Park
| photo = QP8A6282.jpg
| photo_caption = Landscape in Novaya Zemlya, Russian Arctic National Park
| alt_name = Русская Арктика
| nearest_city = Arkhangelsk
| location = Novaya Zemlya and Franz Josef Land, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia
| iucn_category = II
| map = Russia
| relief = yes
| map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|75|42|N|60|54|E|region:RU_source:ruwiki|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| area = {{convert|14260|km2|abbr=on}}
| established = 15 June 2009
| visitation_num =
| accessdate =
| visitation_year =
| governing_body =
}}
Russian Arctic National Park ({{langx|ru|Национальный парк "Русская Арктика"}}) is a national park of Russia, which was established in June 2009. It was expanded in 2016, and it covers a large and remote area of the Arctic Ocean, the northern part of Novaya Zemlya (Severny Island), and Franz Josef Land.
Geography
After expansion in 2016, approximately 74,000 km2, 16,000 km2 in land area and 58,000 km2 in sea area{{Cite web|url=http://www.highnorthnews.com/as-the-ice-melts-russian-arctic-national-park-expands/|title=High North News – As the Ice Melts, Russian Arctic National Park Expands|website=www.highnorthnews.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-02-08}} were added to the National Park. In 2009 the total area of the national park was 14,260 km2, including 6,320 km2 on the land and 7,940 km2 of the Arctic Ocean.{{cite web | date = 2009-06-17 | url = http://www.adm-nao.ru/?show=news&id=2460&PHPSESSID=9aa7498197d970c343758afd1e269f8d | script-title=ru:Национальный парк "Русская Арктика"| publisher = Администрация Ненецкого автономного округа | access-date = 22 June 2009 |language = ru}}
The area is the habitat of polar bears and bowhead whales. The area also includes one of the largest bird colonies in the Northern Hemisphere, as well as walrus and seal rookeries. In addition to preserving natural habitats, the area of the national park is important for preserving the cultural heritage, which is related to the history of discovery and colonisation of the vast Arctic territories starting from the sixteenth century.
The Great Arctic State Nature Reserve is located on counter-side of Kara Sea.
History
The Russian government first established the Franz Joseph Land Conservation Area on 23 April 1994.{{cite web | date = 2009-06-15 | url = http://www.strf.ru/science.aspx?CatalogId=222&d_no=20934/rus/europe_square.htm | script-title=ru:Учреждён национальный парк "Русская Арктика"| publisher = Наука и технологии России | access-date = 2009-06-22 |language = ru}} Plans for a national park covering northern Novaya Zemlya and Franz Josef Land were launched in the 2000s. When Russian Arctic National Park was established on 15 June 2009, Franz Josef Land and Victoria Island were excluded.{{cite web |url=http://wwf.panda.org/wwf_news/?uNewsID=167241 |title=New Russian Arctic Park to protect key polar bear habitat |publisher=World Wildlife Fund |date=16 June 2009}} Announcing the event, Prime Minister Vladimir Putin expressed his hopes that the National Park could help develop tourism in the area.{{cite web | date = 2009-06-16 | url = http://wwf.panda.org/wwf_news/?uNewsID=167241 | title = New Russian Arctic Park to protect key polar bear habitat | publisher = WWF News | access-date = 2012-04-04}} Putin visited the archipelago in 2010, describing it as a "giant rubbish tip".{{cite news |url=http://barentsobserver.com/en/arctic/2013/04/cleans-franz-josefs-land-15-04 |title=Cleans up Franz Josefs Land |last=Pettersen |first=Trude |date=15 April 2013 |publisher=Barents Observer}}
By 2011 the national park had been expanded to also include Franz Josef Land in a move to better accommodate tourism in the archipelago.{{cite news |url=http://barentsobserver.com/en/arctic/russia-ready-boost-arctic-tourism |title=Russia ready to boost Arctic tourism |last=Sazhenova |first=Anastasia |date=29 August 2011 |publisher=Barents Observer}} Russia commenced a 1.5 billion ruble, three-year clean-up project starting in 2012 to remove more than 100,000 tonnes of waste which had accumulated during the Soviet era. These include a quarter million barrels of oil products, a million old barrels and dilapidated vehicles, radar installations and aircraft, among others.{{cite news |url=http://barentsobserver.com/en/nature/russias-arctic-national-park-will-be-cleaned-eu37-million |title=Russia reopens Arctic airbases |last=Pettersen |first=Trude |date=7 June 2012 |publisher=Barents Observer}}
Wildlife
{{see also|Franz Josef Land#Nature}}
The park is regarded as one of the most well-established protected areas for marine mammals in the nation. Instances of BowheadProkosch P., 2012. Bowhead Whale, Franz Josef Land, Russian Arctic National Park. http://www.grida.no/photolib/detail/bowhead-whale-franz-josef-land-russian-arctic-national-park_cd31. UNEP/GRID-Arendal. on 24-05-2014 and Gray whales in the area make the park's ecological value to be extraordinary.
References
{{Wikivoyage}}
{{commons category|Russian Arctic National Park}}
{{reflist}}
{{National parks of Russia}}
{{Franz Josef Land}}
{{authority control}}
Category:National parks of Russia
Category:Geography of Arkhangelsk Oblast
Category:Protected areas of the Arctic
Category:Protected areas established in 2009