Russian Direct Investment Fund

{{short description|Fund established by the Russian government in June 2011}}

{{Infobox company

| name = Russian Direct Investment Fund

| image = RFPI logo.svg

| image_caption = RDIF logo

| native_name = Российский фонд прямых инвестиций

| industry = Sovereign wealth fund

| website = {{url|https://www.rdif.ru}}

}}

The Russian Direct Investment Fund ({{Langx|ru|Российский фонд прямых инвестиций}}, RDIF) is Russia's sovereign wealth fund established in 2011 by the Russian government to make investments in companies of high-growth sectors of the Russian economy. Its mandate is to co-invest alongside the world's largest institutional investors, direct investment funds, sovereign wealth funds and leading companies.

RDIF's reserved capital under management equals $10 billion. RDIF has invested and committed for this purpose 2.1 trillion rubles, of which RDIF invested 200 billion rubles and 1.9 trillion rubles came from co-investors, partners and banks. RDIF also attracted over $40 billion of foreign capital into the Russian economy through long-term strategic partnerships.{{cite web|title=Russian Direct Investment Fund|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_About/}} Kirill Dmitriev is the RDIF's chief executive officer.

History

RDIF was founded in June 2011 under the leadership of both Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and Prime Minister Vladimir Putin.

In June 2012, RDIF and China Investment Corporation (CIC) established the Russian-Chinese Investment Fund.{{cite web|title=Russia-China Investment Fund (RCIF)|url=http://rcif.com/en/about-more.htm}} On 2 June 2016, President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin signed Federal Law on the Russian Direct Investment Fund changing the status of RDIF. According to the law, RDIF became the sovereign wealth fund of the Russian Federation.{{cite web|title=Law on Russian Direct Investment Fund|date=2 June 2016 |url=http://en.kremlin.ru/acts/news/52085}}

= Value =

In June 2023 Russia claimed the fund exceeded 2.1 trillion rubles invested in the Russian economy.{{cite web |title=Russian Direct Investment Fund |url=https://www.rdif.ru/Eng_Index/ |access-date=11 June 2023}}

= Sanctions =

On 28 February 2022, as a result of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the United States placed RDIF and its chief executive on its list of sanctioned Russian entities and people.{{Cite journal |last=Webster |first=Paul |date=2022-03-15 |title=Russian COVID-19 vaccine in jeopardy after Ukraine invasion |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41591-022-00042-y |journal=Nature Medicine |language=en |pages=d41591–022–00042-y |doi=10.1038/d41591-022-00042-y |pmid=35293390 |s2cid=247475281 |issn=1078-8956|url-access=subscription }}{{Cite web |title=Treasury Prohibits Transactions with Central Bank of Russia and Imposes Sanctions on Key Sources of Russia's Wealth |url=https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy0612 |access-date=2022-04-25 |website=U.S. Department of the Treasury |language=en}} The European Union, Ukraine, United Kingdom and Australia followed later in February and in March.{{Cite web |title=RUSSIAN DIRECT INVESTMENT FUND |url=https://www.opensanctions.org/entities/NK-CSTHWr7TNQckHEURKfFGMH/ |access-date=2022-04-25 |website=opensanctions.org |date=June 2011 |language=en}} In the recital of the sanction decision, Office of Foreign Assets Control labeled RDIF as a slush fund for Vladimir Putin and as emblematic of Russia's broader kleptocracy.

Restrictions also apply to parties entering investments with the Fund. The EU prohibit investment, participation, or contribution to projects co-financed by RDIF.{{cite web |title=EU de-SWIFTs seven Russian banks; prohibits investments with RDIF; restricts Euro banknotes to Russia and imposes media ban |url=https://www.whitecase.com/insight-alert/eu-de-swifts-seven-russian-banks-prohibits-investments-rdif-restricts-euro-banknotes |date=4 March 2022}}

RDIF Management

File:Встреча Владимира Путина и Кирилла Дмитриева 17 января 2020 года.jpg meeting with the CEO of the Russian Direct Investment Fund Kirill Dmitriev in 2020]]

RDIF Management structure includes Supervisory board with the government representatives,{{cite web|title=Supervisory board|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_Nabsovet/}} and International Advisory Board.{{cite web|title=International Advisory Board|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_Exp-Sovet/}} Kirill Dmitriev has been the RDIF's CEO since its inception in 2011.

Strategic Partnerships and Investment Platforms

=The Russia-China Investment Fund=

Together with China Investment Corporation (CIC) RDIF created a $2 billion Russia-China Investment Fund.{{cite web|title=Russian Direct Investment Fund and China Investment Corporation announce the Russia-China Investment Fund|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/57/}}{{cite web|title=China to Invest in Russian Fund|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970203499704576624542421302596|date=2011-10-12|publisher=The Wall Street Journal}}

=RDIF and Mubadala co-investment fund=

RDIF and Mubadala Development company (Mubadala), the Abu Dhabi-based investment and development company, agreed to launch a $2 billion co-investment fund{{cite web|title=Russian Direct Investment Fund and Mubadala establish co-investment fund|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/253/}} to pursue opportunities in Russia.{{cite web|title=Russia's RDIF sets up $2bln investment fund with Abu Dhabi|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/russia-mideast-investment/russias-rdif-sets-up-2bln-investment-fund-with-abu-dhabi-idUSL5N0EW3NN20130620|date=2013-06-20|publisher=Reuters}}

=The Russia-Saudi Investment Fund=

RDIF and Saudi Arabia’s sovereign wealth fund, the Public Investment Fund (PIF), have created a partnership{{cite web|title=RDIF attracts major investment from the Middle East into the Russian economy: Saudi Arabia's sovereign wealth fund to commit USD 10 bn|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/1489/}} to invest in attractive projects in Russia, in areas including infrastructure and agriculture.{{cite web|title=Saudi Arabia to invest $10B in Russia|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/saudi-arabia-invest-10b-russia-091021112.html|date=2015-07-07|publisher=yahoo! finance}}

=The Russia-France Investment Platform=

RDIF and Caisse des Dépôts International (CDC International) have launched the Russia-France Investment Platform,{{cite web|title=RDIF and Caisse des Dépôts International launch Russia-France Investment Fund|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/756/}} which will seek attractive investments across a broad range of sectors and asset classes.

=RDIF and Qatar Holding co-investment fund=

RDIF and Qatar Holding, the Qatar sovereign wealth fund, announced the launch of co-investment fund.{{cite web|title=Qatar fund commits $2 billion investment to Russia: RDIF CEO|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-forum-qatar/qatar-fund-commits-2-billion-investment-to-russia-rdif-ceo-idUSBREA4M0LO20140523|date=2014-05-23|publisher=Reuters}}

=The Russian-Italian investment platform=

RDIF and Fondo Strategico Italiano (FSI) agreed to establish a €1 billion Russian-Italian investment platform.{{cite web|title=RDIF and FSI launch €1 billion Russian-Italian investment platform|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/782/}} The two financial institutions will invest in companies and projects promoting the development of foreign trade and increase of FDI between Italy and Russia.{{cite web|title=Russian, Italian state funds agree investment deal|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-italy-russia-fund/russian-italian-state-funds-agree-investment-deal-idUSBRE9AP0D420131126|date=2013-11-26|publisher=Reuters}}

=The Russia-Japan Investment Fund=

RDIF and Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) established a Russia-Japan Investment Fund (RJIF). RJIF will seek and realise attractive investment projects to promote economic, trade and investment cooperation between Japan and Russia. Under the MoU, RDIF and JBIC have agreed that each of them will invest $500 million{{cite web|title=VEB, RDIF, and Japan Bank for International Cooperation create joint Russian-Japanese Investment Platform|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/238/}} for the joint investments through RJIF and a joint investment framework.

=Collaboration with Kuwait Investment Authority=

RDIF launched an automatic co-investment mechanism, with the first $500 million from Kuwait Investment Authority (KIA).{{cite web|title=Russian fund signs $500 mln co-investment with Kuwait|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/russia-fund-kuwait/russian-fund-signs-500-mln-co-investment-with-kuwait-idUSL5E8HLCL620120621|date=2012-06-21|publisher=Reuters}} Later KIA doubled its investment{{cite web|title=Kuwait's Sovereign Wealth Fund doubles its investment with RDIF to $1 billion|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/1544/}} with RDIF to $1 billion.

=Memorandum of Understanding between RDIF and Mumtalakat=

RDIF and Mumtalakat, the investment arm of the Kingdom of Bahrain, signed an MoU to promote investment cooperation between Russia and Bahrain.{{cite web|title=RDIF and Mumtalakat to strengthen economic and investment cooperation between Bahrain and Russia, Mumtalakat CEO to join International Advisory Board of RDIF|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/928/}}

=Collaboration with Rönesans Holding=

RDIF and Rönesans Holding, the leading construction, real estate development and investment company, have reached an agreement to expand the scope of their joint investment activities.{{cite web|title=RDIF and Renaissance Holding to jointly develop projects across Russia's regions|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/1187/}} The parties are focused on attractive investment opportunities within the Russian Federation; and have identified healthcare, construction, infrastructure and commercial real estate as priority sectors.{{cite web|title=Russian fund, Turkey's Ronesans agree $400 mln joint investments|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/russia-turkey-investments-renaissance/russian-fund-turkeys-ronesans-agree-400-mln-joint-investments-idUSR4N1AF04A|date=2016-08-09|publisher=Reuters}}

=The Russia-China Venture Fund=

RDIF and Chinese company Tus-Holdings agreed to establish a joint Russia-China Venture Fund (RCVF).{{cite web|title=RCIF and Tus-Holdings to create Russia-China Venture Fund|url=https://rdif.ru/Eng_fullNews/1841/}}

RDIF Investments

RDIF investments are focused on 6 areas:

=Improving quality of life=

Mother and child{{cite web|title=RDIF Prods Regions For Investment Opportunities|url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2013/12/02/rdif-prods-regions-for-investment-opportunities-a30126|date=2013-12-02|publisher=The Moscow Times}}
Geropharm{{cite web|title=Russian Direct Investment Fund invests in Geropharm|url=https://www.privateequitywire.co.uk/2016/06/17/240721/russian-direct-investment-fund-invests-geropharm|date=2016-06-17|publisher=Private Equity Wire}}
Nationwide cancer diagnosis and treatment network{{cite web|title=UAE's investments during Russia's difficult time deepened strategic ties: Russian official|url=https://wam.ae/en/details/1395302794248|date=2019-10-12|publisher=Emirates News Agency}}
Nationwide waste to energy eco-friendly programme{{cite web|title=RDIF expands cooperation with Rönesans Holding|work=Rönesans Holding |date=2 October 2018 |url=https://ronesans.com/en/rdif-expands-cooperation-with-ronesans-holding/}}
Detsky Mir{{cite web|title=Russia-China investment fund buys stake in retailer Detsky Mir|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/russia-detskiy-mir/russia-china-investment-fund-buys-stake-in-retailer-detsky-mir-idUKL5N0RA3RG20140909|date=2014-09-09|publisher=Reuters}}{{dead link|date=September 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
City hospital No. 40 in St. Petersburg{{cite web|title=RDIF makes raft of investments|url=https://www.privateequityinternational.com/rdif-makes-raft-of-investments/|date=2016-06-20|publisher=PEI MEdia}}
Кaro Film{{cite web|title=Consortium of media entrepreneur Paul Heth and private equity funds lead investment into Russia's Karo Film Group|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/consortium-of-media-entrepreneur-paul-heth-and-private-equity-funds-lead-investment-into-russias-karo-film-group-183330191.html|date=2012-12-13|publisher=PR Newswire Association}}
World Class{{cite web|title=Russian Fitness Group Receives Investment from RDIF & Mubadala|url=http://www.finsmes.com/2018/11/russian-fitness-group-receives-investment-from-rdif-mubadala.html|date=2019-11-28|publisher=FINSMES}}
Alium{{cite web|title=Russian sovereign wealth fund, others invest in Alium pharmaceutical firm|url=https://www.zawya.com/mena/en/story/Russian_sovereign_wealth_fund_others_invest_in_Alium_pharmaceutical_firm-TR20190709nR4N24501EX3/|date=2019-07-09|publisher=Zawya}}

=Infrastructure development=

Construction оf a technopark on the former «Тushino» Аerodrome territory{{cite web|title=RDIF-led consortium to invest $1.6 billion in Moscow real estate project|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-china-investment/rdif-led-consortium-to-invest-1-6-billion-in-moscow-real-estate-project-idUSKBN189082|date=2017-05-13|publisher=Reuters}}
Construction of Central Ring Road 3 and 4{{cite web|title=RDIF head: Relations with Saudi Arabia and UAE are at an unprecedented level|url=https://tass.com/economy/1085590|date=2019-10-28|publisher=TASS}}
First railway bridge between Russia and China{{cite web|title=Russia and China deepen ties with River Amur bridge|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/russia-china-bridge/russia-and-china-deepen-ties-with-river-amur-bridge-idUSL8N28920Y|date=2019-11-29|publisher=Reuters}}
Moscow Exchange{{cite web|title=UPDATE 2-China fund buys into Moscow stock exchange sale|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/russia-exchange/update-2-china-fund-buys-into-moscow-stock-exchange-sale-idUSL5N0BE2VE20130214|date=2013-02-14|publisher=Reuters}}
Pulkovo Airport{{cite web|title=RDIF-led consortium completes acquisition of 25% of Pulkovo Airport|url=https://www.infrapppworld.com/news/rdif-led-consortium-completes-acquisition-of-25-of-pulkovo-airport|date=2017-09-06|publisher=InfraPPP}}
Rönesans Holding
Transneft{{cite web|title=Russia-Japan Investment Fund makes first investments of $170 mln|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/russia-japan-investments/russia-japan-investment-fund-makes-first-investments-of-170-mln-idUSR4N1O100X|date=2017-12-06|publisher=Reuters}}
M4 highway (Russia){{cite web|title=RDIF and Avtodor plan to coinvest in transport projects in Russia|url=https://www.infrapppworld.com/news/rdif-and-avtodor-plan-to-coinvest-in-transport-projects-in-russia|date=2014-12-10|publisher=InfraPPP}}
Enel Russia{{cite web|title=Russian Direct Investment Fund and Consortium of Co-investors Sign Agreement to Acquire 26.43% Stake in Enel OGK-5|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/russian-direct-investment-fund-and-consortium-of-co-investors-sign-agreement-to-acquire-2643-stake-in-enel-ogk-5-142895955.html|date=2012-03-16|publisher=PR Newswire Association}}
Aeroflot{{cite web|title=State Allots $10Bln to Lure Investors|url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2011/06/07/state-allots-10bln-to-lure-investors-a7478|date=2011-07-07|publisher=The Moscow Times}}
Inter RAO{{cite web|title=Russian sovereign wealth fund invests in InterRAO share offering - two sources|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/russia-interrao-stocks-rdif/russian-sovereign-wealth-fund-invests-in-interrao-share-offering-two-sources-idUKR4N1NL05U|date=2018-03-15|publisher=Reuters}}{{dead link|date=September 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
Sovcombank{{cite web|title=UPDATE 1-Russia-China fund, Middle East investors eye stake in Sovcombank|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/russia-china-sovcombank/update-1-russia-china-fund-middle-east-investors-eye-stake-in-sovcombank-idUSL5N1TA2UV|date=2018-06-08|publisher=Reuters}}
Electroshield Samara{{cite web|title=Schneider Electric and RDIF Form JV to Invest in Electroshield Samara|url=https://www.swfinstitute.org/news/75697/schneider-electric-and-rdif-form-jv-to-invest-in-electroshield-samara|date=2019-10-21|publisher=Sovereign Wealth Fund Institute}}
Construction of a motor road in the Krasnodar far western bypass section{{cite web|title=RDIF and Italian Company ANAS Agree to Jointly Implement Infrastructure Projects in Russia|url=https://advisornews.com/oarticle/rdif-and-italian-company-anas-agree-to-jointly-implement-infrastructure-projects-in-russia|date=2018-10-25|publisher=Advisor News}}

=Import substitution and export potential=

UFC{{cite web|title=Mubadala, RCIF and UFC Agree to Form UFC Russia Joint Venture|url=https://www.swfinstitute.org/news/67211/mubadala-rcif-and-ufc-agree-to-form-ufc-russia-joint-venture|date=2018-07-18|publisher=Sovereign Wealth Fund Institute}}
Zapsibneftekhim{{cite web|title=Mideast funds, Russian govt inject capital in SIBUR's major cracker|url=https://www.icis.com/explore/resources/news/2015/12/09/9951540/mideast-funds-russian-govt-inject-capital-in-sibur-s-major-cracker/|date=2015-12-05|publisher=ICIS}}
Voltyre-Prom{{cite web|title=RDIF, Titan International and One Equity Partners acquire OJSC Voltyre-Prom|url=https://www.privateequitywire.co.uk/2013/10/07/190918/rdif-titan-international-and-one-equity-partners-acquire-ojsc-voltyre-prom|date=2013-10-07|publisher=Private Equity Wire}}
Russian Helicopters{{cite web|title=International consortium buys 12% stake in Russian Helicopters|url=http://www.rusaviainsider.com/rdif-and-middle-eastern-investors-to-get-12-of-russian-helicopters/|date=2017-02-22|publisher=Russian Aviation Insider}}
Ust-Luga Marine Terminal{{cite web|title=Sibur sells LPG terminal in Ust-Luga, expects capacity increase by 30 pct|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL8N13039E20151105|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421014356/http://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL8N13039E20151105|url-status=dead|archive-date=2017-04-21|date=2015-11-05|publisher=Reuters}}
PhosAgro{{cite web|title=Maaden, RDIF, PhosAgro to launch investments in Russia and Saudi Arabia|url=https://english.mubasher.info/news/3544379/Maaden-RDIF-PhosAgro-to-launch-investments-in-Russia-and-Saudi-Arabia|date=2019-10-15|publisher=Mubasher}}
Dakaitaowa{{cite web|title=Russia Agrees to Significant Silk Road Projects with China|url=https://www.russia-briefing.com/news/russia-agrees-significant-silk-road-projects-china.html/|date=2017-07-19|publisher=Russia Briefing}}
Arc International{{cite web|title=French government gives support to RDIF and CDC IC investment in Arc|url=https://www.privateequitywire.co.uk/2016/06/28/241021/french-government-gives-support-rdif-and-cdc-ic-investment-arc|date=2016-06-28|publisher=Private Equity Wire}}
En+ Group{{cite web|title=Russian Direct Investment Fund plans to invest in En+ IPO - BBG|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/en-ipo-rdif/russian-direct-investment-fund-plans-to-invest-in-en-ipo-bbg-idUKL8N1MZ1K7|date=2017-10-24|publisher=Reuters}}
C.P. Group{{cite web|title=Thailand's CP Foods, RDIF to invest $1 bln in dairy complex|url=https://www.rbth.com/news/2016/05/19/thailands-cp-foods-rdif-to-invest-1-bln-in-dairy-complex_594461|date=2016-05-19|publisher=Russia Beyond}}
TH Milk{{cite web|title=Vietnamese, Thai firms to pour $4 bln into Russian dairy production|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/russia-dairy/vietnamese-thai-firms-to-pour-4-bln-into-russian-dairy-production-idUSL5N18F35O|date=2016-05-18|publisher=Reuters}}
Intergeo{{cite web|title=Intergeo Attracts Chinese, Arab Investors for 10% Stake Deal|url=https://russiabusinesstoday.com/economy/intergeo-attracts-chinese-arab-investors-for-10-stake-deal/|date=2019-03-14|publisher=Russia Business Today}}
Orenbeef{{cite web|title=Inalca, il fondo sovrano russo RDFI investe nelle attività agricole in Russia|url=https://www.ruminantia.it/inalca-il-fondo-sovrano-russo-rdfi-investe-nelle-attivita-agricole-in-russia/|date=2019-06-13|publisher=Ruminantia}}

=Regional development=

The construction of small hydroelectric power plants in Karelia{{cite web|title=EDB and the IIB open a RUB 8.15 billion loan facility for Nord Hydro – Belyi Porog to construct small hydropower plants in Karelia|url=https://eabr.org/en/press/news/edb-and-the-iib-open-a-rub-8-15-billion-loan-facility-for-nord-hydro-belyi-porog-to-construct-small-/|date=2017-04-03|publisher=Eurasian Development Bank}}
Elimination of “digital inequality”{{cite web|title=Russia's RDIF and Rostelecom team up with international partners to "eliminate digital inequality among Russian regions"|url=https://www.ewdn.com/2014/06/09/russias-rdif-and-rostelecom-team-up-with-international-partners-to-eliminate-digital-inequality-among-russian-regions/|date=2014-06-09|publisher=East-West Digital News}}
Vladivostok International Airport{{cite web|title=RDIF and Singapore's CAI consortium acquires Vladivostok Airport in Russia|url=https://www.airport-technology.com/news/newsrdif-and-singapores-cai-consortium-acquires-vladivostok-airport-in-russia-5681205/|date=2016-11-27|publisher=Airport Technology}}
Tigers Realm Coal{{cite web|title=Barings Joins Russian Sovereign Wealth Fund In Far East Coal Private Equity Deal|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/chriswright/2013/12/12/barings-joins-russian-sovereign-wealth-fund-in-far-east-coal-private-equity-deal/|date=2013-12-12|work=Forbes}}
Magnit{{cite web|title=RDIF, partners ready to make new investment in Magnit, but want bigger offers by shareholders|url=https://interfax.com/newsroom/top-stories/33258/?sphrase_id=1013|date=2016-02-15|publisher=Interfax}}
Alrosa{{cite web|title=Russia Sells Stake in Diamond Company Alrosa to Cut Budget Deficit|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/russia-sells-stake-in-diamond-company-alrosa-to-cut-budget-deficit-1468238794|date=2016-07-11|publisher=The Wall Street Journal}}
Lenta (retail){{cite web|title=RDIF and partners act as lead anchor investors in Lenta SPO|url=https://www.privateequitywire.co.uk/2015/03/25/220423/rdif-and-partners-act-lead-anchor-investors-lenta-spo|date=2015-03-25|publisher=Private Equity Wire}}

=Efficiency growth=

Cotton Way{{cite web|title=Japan's Mitsui, RDIF invest in Russia-based Cotton Way|url=https://www.avcj.com/avcj/news/49731/japans-mitsui-rdif-invest-in-russia-based-cotton-way|date=2014-02-10|publisher=AVCJ}}
Logistics platform PLT{{cite web|title=RDIF and Gulf Capital Expands Russian PLT Portfolio|url=https://www.swfinstitute.org/news/68876/rdif-and-gulf-capital-expands-russian-plt-portfolio|date=2018-12-26|publisher=Sovereign Wealth Fund Institute}}
Globaltruck{{cite web|title=BCS Completes IPO of Globaltruck Management PJSC|url=https://mondovisione.com/news/bcs-completes-ipo-of-globaltruck-management-pjsc-shares-trading-to-start-in-th/|date=2017-11-03|publisher=Mondo Visione}}
AutoPartners{{cite web|title=RDIF Invests in Auto Partners|url=https://www.swfinstitute.org/news/71442/rdif-invests-in-auto-partners|date=2019-09-04|publisher=Sovereign Wealth Fund Institute}}

=Technological development=

AliExpress Russia{{cite web|title=Alibaba, Mail.Ru, Megafon form AliExpress Russia JV to double down on e-commerce in CIS|url=https://techcrunch.com/2019/06/05/alibaba-mail-ru-megafon-form-aliexpress-russia-jv-to-double-down-on-e-commerce-in-cis/|date=2019-06-05|publisher=Techcrunch}}
Deliver{{cite web|title=Russian and Abu Dhabi sovereign funds inject $7.5 million into Russian online freight service|url=https://www.ewdn.com/2018/10/03/russian-and-abu-dhabi-sovereign-funds-inject-7-5-million-in-russian-online-freight-service/|date=2018-10-03|publisher=East-West Digital News}}
Hyperloop{{cite web|title=Hyperloop One gets an investment from Russia's sovereign fund|url=https://venturebeat.com/2016/06/27/hyperloop-one-gets-an-investment-from-russias-sovereign-fund/|date=2016-06-27|publisher=Venture Beat}}
Motorika{{cite web|title=Russia Raises $2Bln for Investment in Artificial Intelligence|url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2019/05/31/russia-raises-2bln-for-investment-in-artificial-intelligence-a65824|date=2019-05-31|publisher=The Moscow Times}}