São Paulo Metro

File:Inauguração do Metrô de São Paulo (1974).jpg

{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2021}}

The Companhia do Metropolitano de São Paulo (Metrô) was founded on April 24, 1968. Eight months later, work on the initial North–South line (now Line 1 - Blue) was initiated. In 1972, the first test train trip occurred between Jabaquara and Saúde stations. On September 14, 1974, the segment between Jabaquara and Vila Mariana entered into commercial operation.

The first line, Norte/Sul (North/South), later renamed "Blue Line" or Line 1 - Blue, was opened on September 18, 1972, with an experimental operation between Saúde and Jabaquara stations. Commercial operations started on September 14, 1974, after an eight-year "gestation" period that began in 1966, under Mayor Faria Lima's administration. Expansion of the metro system includes new lines. As of late 2004, construction began on a US$1 billion, {{convert|12.8|km|abbr=on}} all-underground line (Line 4 - Yellow), with eleven stations, aimed at transporting almost one million people per day. By 2004, Line 2 was also being expanded, with two new stations open in 2006 and another one in 2007.

A {{convert|10.5|km|mi|adj=on}} expansion of Line 5 was completed in 2018.

{{As of|January 2025}}, tickets cost R$5.20. In 2006, the São Paulo Metro system has started to use a smart card, called "Bilhete Único" (or "Single Ticket" in English).

File:Estação Paulista, Av. Consolação, São Paulo, Brazil. 4.jpg on Line 4]]

File:Os_Senhores_do_Movimento_04.jpg on Line 3]]

File:Viagem de Inspeção no trecho Oratório-São Mateus, Linha 15-Prata do Metrô (Monotrilho) (39484313855).jpg]]

File:Centro de Controle Operacional, Metrô de São Paulo.JPG

The metro system consists of six color-coded lines: Line 1 (Blue), Line 2 (Green), Line 3 (Red), Line 4 (Yellow), Line 5 (Lilac) and Line 15 (Silver), operating from Sunday to Saturday, from 4:40 AM to midnight. Line 15 (Silver), is a high-capacity monorail, the rest being standard metro lines.

The six lines achieved an average weekday ridership of 5.3 million in 2019. On 14 September 2019, Metrô recorded the highest ever ridership figure of 5.5 million on a single business day, caused by the recent expansion of some lines. The Metro provided 1.49 billion rides over the course of 2019.{{cite web|url=http://www.metro.sp.gov.br/metro/institucional/pdf/relatorio-integrado-2019.pdf|title=Relatório Integrado 2019|year=2020|publisher=Companhia do Metropolitano de Sao Paulo|language=pt|trans-title=Integrated Report 2019|access-date=2020-05-22}}

In May 1977, Metro assumed the administration and commercial utilization of the Inter-City Jabaquara Intermunicipal Terminal, and inaugurated, in May 1982, the modern Inter-city Tietê Bus Terminal, replacing the former Júlio Prestes Terminal.

This agreement established that Metro would be in charge of the studies for the planning, implementation, and operation of passenger transportation in the municipal district of São Paulo, either directly or through third parties.

Later, the other inter-city bus terminals were integrated into the system, such as Bresser, in January 1988, and Palmeiras-Barra Funda, in December 1989. In January 1990 the inter-city bus terminals were outsourced by Metrô, which through public bidding, contracted Consortium Prima for the administration and commercial utilization of the 4 inter-city bus terminals of the city of São Paulo. This contract included the responsibility for maintenance and conservation of the existing installations, as well as of the expansion and modernisation of the terminals.{{cite web|url=http://www.metro.sp.gov.br/ingles/services/bus_terminal/tebus_terminal.shtml|title=Metrô - Companhia do Metropolitano de São Paulo|access-date=7 February 2017}}

File:Estação Moema, da Linha 5–Lilás do Metrô (41257066041).jpg

The first cars started operating in 1974, the same year the company's commercial activities were initiated. This model was named A Stock, whose cars received the numbers of 1001 to 1306 (51 trains of 6 cars each). They were designed in United States by the Budd Company, and the national rolling stock manufacturer Mafersa did the final assembly. The model was based on the Class A trains from the Bay Area Rapid Transit system, even using the same Westinghouse 1460 series chopper traction controls, and was to be used along the north–south line, now known as Line 1 - Blue. The initially they operated with two car trains with cars added as demand increased, up to a maximum of six cars. All of them have a pair of electric motors and a cab.

File:Metro de São Paulo, Luz Station, Brazil.jpg

Today, this stock is known as "A stock". The entire "A stock" was planned to be phased out by the beginning of 2015, as the recent modernization processes saw them being converted into two different stocks: I and J. The last A stock train was withdrawn from service in February 2018.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}}

To reduce the manufacturing costs, the Cobrasma company decided to provide, for the East-West Line, now Line 3. Trains had cabs only and made use of more advanced ventilation and maintenance systems. This stock was known by the name of "C". The batch of trains designed for this line were produced by two different national companies, Cobrasma and Mafersa (whose trains got named as "D"). The trains entered service between 1984 and 1986 on Line 3 and remained there for their entire service lives, although in their final years, some of the D stock trains were transferred to Line 1 where they ran with the older A stock trains.

File:1ª VIAGEM DE TREM NO TRECHO ADOLFO PINHEIRO – BROOKLIN DA LINHA 5 – LILÁS, DO METRÔ (34847938225).jpg

File:Estação_do_Metrô_Corinthians-Itaquera.jpg

The only difference between the two is the front mask and some structural framework. Their original technical nomenclature was 300. According to it, the C stock was numbered from 301 (C01) to 325 (C25), and the D stock had trains numbered from 326 (D26) to 347 (D47). The C stock trains were already refurbished as K stock and the D stock was refurbished and created the L cars. The refurbishment program for the entire stock of A, C and D trains was completed in 2018.

Today the rolling stock of the São Paulo Metro consists of 11 stocks, 232 trains and 1,419 carsIncludes 1,245 cars [https://transparencia.metrosp.com.br/sites/default/files/Infraestrutura%20-%20Situa%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20em%20Fevereiro%20-%202018.pdf reported in February 2018 by the Metro], and additional 174 cars (29 trains) of [http://www.viaquatro.com.br/a-via-quatro Line 4 - Yellow]. and it is divided as follows:

• E stock: Built by Alstom and entered service between 1998 and 1999. They currently operate on Line 1 - Blue.
• F stock: Alstom trains specially built for Line 5 - Lilac between 2001 and 2002.
• G stock: Also built by Alstom and entered service in 2008. They currently run on Lines 1 - Blue and 3 - Red.
• H stock: Streamlined CAF-built trains built in 2010 which operate exclusively on Line 3 - Red since 2014.
• I and J stock: Refurbished A stock trains which operate on Lines 1 - Blue and 2 - Green from 2011. They differ cosmetically as well as mechanically. I stock was rebuilt by Alstom and Siemens while J stock was rebuilt by Bombardier, Temoinsa, BTT and Tejofran.
• K stock: Refurbished C stock trains rebuilt by a consortium consisting of T’trans, MTTrens, MPE and Temoinsa. They operate on Line 3 - Red just like the original trains.
• L stock: D stock refurbished by Alstom and IESA and operates on Line 1 - Blue
• M stock: The Monorail stock built by Bombardier between 2013 and 2016 and operates on Line 15 - Silver.
• P stock: CAF-built trains from 2013 which run on Line 5 - Lilac alongside the former F stock.
• 400 series: Driverless trains built in 2009-2010 and 2016-2017 by Hyundai Rotem for Line 4 - Yellow{{Cite web|url=https://www.metrocptm.com.br/linha-4-amarela-esta-prestes-a-receber-novos-trens/|title=Linha 4-Amarela está prestes a receber novos trens|date=February 17, 2016}}

Metro's security agents have police powers and in case of need they will provide assistance. All police matters that occur within the system are directed to the police station of the subway system, Delegacia de Polícia do Metropolitano de São Paulo (DELPOM), located at Palmeiras-Barra Funda station.{{cite web|url=http://www.metro.sp.gov.br/ingles/services/security/tesecurity.shtml|title=Metrô - Companhia do Metropolitano de São Paulo|access-date=7 February 2017}}

File:Mapa do Metrô de São Paulo em escala.png

Several conventional metro and monorail lines are currently under construction or under project.

File:Mapa do Metrô de São Paulo em escala - obras.png

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• List of São Paulo Metro stations
• São Paulo Metropolitan Trains - São Paulo Metropolitan system
• Companhia do Metropolitano de São Paulo - São Paulo Metropolitan Company
• Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos - São Paulo Metropolitan Trains' Company
• Trens Intercidades - planned regional rail network centred on São Paulo
• Transport in São Paulo
• List of Latin American rail transit systems by ridership
• List of metro systems
• List of monorail systems
• List of São Paulo Metro yards
• Rapid transit in Brazil

{{Reflist}}

{{Commons category|São Paulo Metro}}

• [http://www.metro.sp.gov.br/en/your-trip/index.aspx São Paulo Metro website]
• [http://www.metro.sp.gov.br/expansao/rede_essencial/rede_essencial_01.shtml Essential Network of São Paulo Metro (project of extension of the network to be ready by 2025)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720020314/http://www.metro.sp.gov.br/expansao/rede_essencial/rede_essencial_01.shtml |date=2020-07-20 }} {{in lang|pt}}
• [http://citymayors.com/transport/saopaulo_metro.html CityMayors article]

{{São Paulo Metro Stations}}

{{São Paulo transit}}

{{Urban Rail systems in Brazil}}

{{Internationally Metro Organizations}}

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Category:Rapid transit in Brazil

Category:Electric railways in Brazil

Category:Underground rapid transit in Brazil

Metro

Category:750 V DC railway electrification

Category:1500 V DC railway electrification