SAS Transvaal
{{short description|Loch-class frigate in the South African Navy}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Use South African English|date=June 2017}}
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|infobox caption= |display title= }} {{Infobox ship image |Ship image=HMS Loch Achray.jpg |Ship image size= |Ship caption=A Loch-class frigate }} {{Infobox ship career |Hide header= |Ship country= United Kingdom |Ship flag= {{shipboxflag|United Kingdom|naval}} |Ship name=Loch Ard |Ship namesake=Loch Ard |Ship ordered=2 May 1943 |Ship builder= Harland & Wolff, Belfast, Northern Ireland |Ship laid down=20 January 1944 |Ship launched= 2 August 1944 |Ship fate=Transferred to the South African Navy, 1944 |Ship identification=Pennant number: K602 }} {{Infobox ship career |Hide header=title |Ship country= South Africa |Ship flag= {{shipboxflag|South Africa|naval-1952}} |Ship name=Transvaal |Ship namesake=Transvaal Province |Ship acquired=1944 |Ship commissioned=14 May 1945 |Ship completed=21 May 1945 |Ship decommissioned= |Ship in service= |Ship out of service=14 August 1964 |Ship struck= |Ship identification=Pennant number: F602 |Ship fate=Scuttled, 3 August 1978 |Ship notes= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= (as built) |Ship class= {{sclass2|Loch|frigate}} |Ship displacement=*{{convert|1435|LT|t}} (standard load)
|Ship length={{Convert|307|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} |Ship beam={{Convert|38|ft|7|in|m|1|abbr=on}} |Ship height= |Ship draught={{Convert|12|ft|4|in|m|1|abbr=on}} |Ship power=*2 Admiralty 3-drum boilers
|Ship propulsion=*2 shafts |Ship speed={{Convert|20|kn|lk=in}} |Ship range={{Convert|9500|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{Convert|12|kn}} |Ship complement=114 |Ship sensors=*Types 144 and 147B ASDIC |Ship EW= |Ship armament=*1 × single QF 4-inch Mark V
|Ship notes= }} |
SAS Transvaal was one of three {{sclass2|Loch|frigate}}s in the South African Navy (SAN). She was built as HMS Loch Ard (K602) for the Royal Navy during World War II, but was transferred to the SAN in 1944 before completion and renamed as HMSAS Transvaal. The ship was completed shortly after the German surrender in May 1945 and did not participate in the war.
Transvaal was assigned to ferry troops home from Egypt after the war and participated in the annexation of the Prince Edward Islands in late 1947. Together with her sister ships, the ship made port visits in Middle Africa in 1948. Three years later, she participated in the celebration of Australia's Golden Jubilee. Transvaal received a lengthy refit in the late 1950s. The ship was placed in reserve in 1964 and was sold for scrap in 1977. Transvaal{{'}}s remains were donated for use as an artificial reef and it was scuttled the following year.
Description
Transvaal displaced {{convert|1435|LT|t}} at standard load and {{convert|2260|LT|t}} at deep load. The ship had an overall length of {{convert|307|ft|m|1}}, a beam of {{convert|38|ft|7|in|m|1}} and a mean deep draught of {{convert|12|ft|4|in|m|1}}.Chesneau, p. 60 She was powered by a pair of vertical triple-expansion steam engines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by two Admiralty three-drum boilers. The engines developed a total of {{convert|5500|ihp|lk=in}} which gave a maximum speed of {{convert|20|kn|lk=in}}. The ship carried {{convert|730|LT|t}} of fuel oil that gave it a range of {{convert|9500|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|12|kn}}. Her main armament was a single 4-inch (102 mm) Mk V dual-purpose gun. The ship's anti-aircraft armament consisted of four 2-pounder (40 mm) Mk VIII "pom-pom" in a quadruple mount and six Oerlikon 20 mm cannon in two twin powered mounts and two single hand-operated mounts.du Toit, p. 158 For anti-submarine work, Transvaal was fitted with a pair of triple-barrelled Squid anti-submarine mortars and 15 depth charges delivered by one rail and two throwers. The ship was equipped with Type 144 and 147B ASDIC and a Type 277 surface-search radar. Her crew numbered 114 officers and ratings.Lenton, p. 292
When Transvaal began her long refit in 1957, her main armament was replaced by a twin-gun turret fitted with more powerful four-inch Mk XVI guns. In addition her anti-aircraft guns were replaced by a water-cooled, twin-gun Mk V mount for Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60 AA guns in the position formerly occupied by the "pom-pom" mount, a pair of single 40 mm guns where the twin-gun 20 mm were and another pair of 40 mm guns on the quarterdeck. Her radar and radios were also upgraded. During a later refit in 1962, the ship's forecastle deck was extended to accommodate trainees.du Toit, pp. 163, 165
Construction and career
Transvaal was ordered from Harland & Wolff on 2 May 1943 and was laid down on 20 January 1944 at their shipyard in Belfast, Northern Ireland. She was launched on 2 AugustLenton, p. 295 and commissioned on 14 May 1945. The ship was originally named Loch Ard, but was renamed by the South Africans after it was transferred by the British while building. Transvaal was completed a week later after having fitted out at Lobnitz & Co.'s dockyard at Renfrew, Scotland. After working up at HMS Western Isles in Tobermory, Mull, she sailed for home and reached Table Bay on 28 July.du Toit, pp. 158–59, 167
Transvaal and her sister ships {{HMSAS|Natal|K10|2}} and {{SAS|Good Hope|F432|2}} repatriated some 700 troops from Egypt between November 1945 and March 1946 and escorted the battleship {{HMS|Vanguard|23|6}} while she was serving as the royal yacht during King George VI's tour of South Africa in 1947. At the end of the year, Transvaal{{'}}s captain, Lieutenant-Commander John Fairbairn, read the proclamation annexing the Prince Edward Islands. All three sisters toured ports in Portuguese West Africa and the Belgian Congo in August–September 1948. A few months later, Transvaal rescued survivors from the tanker {{SS|Esso Wheeling|1944|2}} whilst sailing from Durban to Simon's Town to begin a brief refit. In February 1949 the ship towed the disabled coastal steamer {{SS|Pequena}} from the South Atlantic to Cape Town. Two years later, she represented South Africa during the celebrations of Australia's Golden Jubilee in Sydney and then participated in exercises with other Commonwealth. warships. In 1955, Transvaal surveyed Gough Island to determine its suitability for a weather station.du Toit, p. 161
The ship began a lengthy refit at Simon's Town Naval Dockyard on 11 September 1957 and was recommissioned on 24 August 1960. After the eruption of Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha on 10 October 1961, Transvaal ferried a team of scientists from the Royal Geographical Society to investigate conditions on the island in January 1962. Later that year her machinery was overhaul in Cape Town and she was mostly used for training and fishery protection duties. The ship's starboard propeller shaft broke in December 1963 and she returned home on a single shaft. Transvaal was taken out of service on 14 August 1964 and laid up in Simon's Town. She was sold for scrap for R6,500, together with her sister Good Hope, in 1977. After stripping her of all valuable metals and fittings, the ship's hulk was donated to the False Bay Conservation Society for use as an artificial reef and she was scuttled on 3 August 1978 in False Bay.du Toit, pp. 163, 165–66
The wreck lies upright on the sand at a depth of about {{convert|34|m|ft}} at coordinates approximately {{Coord|34|16|S|18|28|E|display=inline,title}}. The wreck is starting to collapse, the bow has broken off, and a permit is required to dive on the site.{{cite web|title=SAS Transvaal|url=http://guidewithme.com/apk/Southern_Africa/content/data/9766.html|website=Diving in South Africa|access-date=6 November 2016|archive-date=7 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107092522/http://guidewithme.com/apk/Southern_Africa/content/data/9766.html|url-status=dead}}
See also
Notes
{{reflist|30em}}
References
- {{cite book|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946|editor1-last=Chesneau|editor1-first=Roger|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=Greenwich, UK|year=1980|isbn=0-85177-146-7}}
- {{Cite Colledge2006}}
- {{cite book|last1=Du Toit|first1=Allan|author-link=Allan du Toit|title=South Africa's Fighting Ships: Past and Present|date=1992|publisher=Ashanti Publishing|location=Rivonia, South Africa|isbn=1-874800-50-2}}
- {{cite book|last=Lenton|first=H. T.|title=British & Empire Warships of the Second World War|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|year=1998|isbn=1-55750-048-7}}
External links
- [http://www.navy.mil.za/aboutus/history/ambassadors.htm Flag-showing cruises of the South African Navy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190528121948/http://www.navy.mil.za/aboutus/history/ambassadors.htm |date=28 May 2019 }}
{{Loch class frigate}}
{{1978 shipwrecks}}
{{Recreational dive sites|wresit}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:SAS Transvaal}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Transvaal, SAS}}
Category:Frigates of the South African Navy
Category:Ships built in Belfast
Category:Maritime incidents in 1978