SCRIPT (markup)

In 1968 "IBM contracted Stuart Madnick of MIT to write a simple document preparation ..."{{Cite journal|last=Hannotte|first=Dean|date=March 19, 1985|title=Put Your Text In Top Form|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mI2TxlvjaksC&dq=PC+Magazine+March+1985+Script%2FPC&pg=PA211|journal=PC Magazine|publisher=Ziff-Davis|volume=4|issue=6|pages=209–211, 213, 221|via=Google Books}} to run on CP/67.{{cite journal |title=SCRIPT, An On-Line Manuscript Processing System

|year=1968|doi=10.1109/TEWS.1968.4322339|s2cid=51633921|last1=Madnick|first1=Stuart E.|last2=Moulton|first2=Allen|journal=IEEE Transactions on Engineering Writing and Speech|volume=11|issue=2|pages=92–100}} He modeled it on MIT's CTSS RUNOFF.{{cite web |title=What does sCrIPT mean?

|quote=SCRIPT was developed for CP-67/CMS by Stuart Madnick at MIT, succeeding CTSS RUNOFF.

|url=https://www.definitions.net/definition/sCrIPT}}{{cite web

|title=History of UNIX Manpages |url=https://manpages.bsd.lv/history.html

|quote=1967: SCRIPT (Stuart Madnick). In 1967, Madnick ported the RUNOFF code to the IBM CP67/CMS at IBM as SCRIPT. The documentation of SCRIPT explicitly ...}}

In 1974, William Dwyer at Yale University ported the CP-67 version of Script to the Time Sharing Option (TSO) of OS/360 under the name NSCRIPT.{{cite book

| title = User's Guide and Catalog of Programs

| publisher = SHARE PROGRAM LIBRARY AGENCY

| year = 1977

| id = 360D-03.5.008

| page = 24

| url = http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/share/SHARE_PgmCatalog_Jan77.pdf

}} The University of Waterloo rewrote and extended NSCRIPT as Waterloo SCRIPT,{{cite book

| title = Introduction to SCRIPT

| date = November 29, 1978

| publisher = University of Waterloo Computing Centre

| mode = cs2

}}

also in 1974, making it available for free to CMS and TSO users for several releases before eventually charging for new releases.

By 1978, IBM's Script/370, running on VM/CMS, had evolved into Document Composition Facility (DCF),{{cite book

| title = Document Composition Facility: User's Guide Program Number S748-XX9

| id = SH20-9161-0

| date = July 1978

| edition = first

| url = http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/DCF/SH20-9161-0_Document_Composition_Facility_Users_Guide_Jul78.pdf

| mode = cs2

}}

supporting SCRIPT/VS on CMS, DOS/VS, OS/VS1 and OS/VS2, and supported the IBM 3800. In addition, there was a PC/MS-DOS version called SCRIPT/PC.{{cite book

| title = SCRIPT/PC

| id = 1502414

| volume = Book 1 How to Use

| series = Personal Computer Productivity Series

| edition = First

| date = January 1984

| mode = cs2

}}

Native Script control begin with a period and have a space prior to operands. They normally begin in column 1, but you may code multiple control words, separated by semicolons, on a single line.

The description and table below refer to selected control words in DCF; older versions are similar.

SCRIPT allows space units in control words to be specified in a number of units including inches, centimeters, millimeters, picas, ciceros, m-spaces, or device units (pels at the current device resolution). Vertical space units are assumed to be lines unless otherwise specified.

Script includes a facility for user-defined macros and for automatically reading a profile containing macro definitions and other commands. Several packages for semantic tagging, including GML and EasyScript, are built on top of this facility.

{{Main|Generalized Markup Language}}

IBM's Generalized Markup Language (GML) is a descriptive markup layer describing the logical structure of a document. Both SCRIPT/VS and the GML Starter Set are part of IBM's Document Composition Facility (DCF), used in the System/370 platform and successors. The tag sets of the BookMaster{{cite web

| title = 5688-015 IBM Host Publishing Systems BookMaster R4

| id = 5688-015

| url = http://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/cgi-bin/ssialias?infotype=dd&subtype=sm&htmlfid=897/ENUS5688-015

| access-date = August 4, 2021

| work = IBM United States Sales Manual

| date = 5 August 2008

| publisher = IBM

}}

{{cite web

| title = BookMaster V1R4.0 Bookshelf product on Printing and Publishing CD

| url = http://publibfp.dhe.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr/Shelves/edf01a02

| archive-url = https://archive.today/20130628042800/http://publibfp.dhe.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr/Shelves/edf01a02

| archive-date = June 28, 2013

| url-status = dead

| publisher = IBM

}}

and BookManager BUILD/MVS{{cite web

| title = BookManager READ/MVS and BUILD/MVS V1R3.0 Bookshelf

| url = http://publibfp.dhe.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr/Shelves/eoxeoy07

| archive-url = https://archive.today/20130628042624/http://publibfp.dhe.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr/Shelves/eoxeoy07

| archive-date = June 28, 2013

| url-status = dead

| publisher = IBM

}}

products are built on a foundation of the GML Starter Set syntax and implementation.

The Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) is a descendant of GML. While DCF does not directly handle SGML, there is an SGML translator available as a separate product.

EasyScript is a set of macro definitions and profiles included with Script/370{{cite manual

| author = IBM

| title = SCRIPT/370 Text Processing Facility Under Virtual Machine Facility/370 (VM/370) Program Description/Operations Manual Program Number 5796-PAF

| version = First Edition

| publisher = IBM

| date = November 1972

| url = http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/CMS/SH20-1114-0_SCRIPT_370_Text_Processing_Facility_Nov72.pdf

| id = SH20-1114-0

}} Version 3{{cite manual

| author = IBM

| title = SCRIPT/370 Version 3 User's Guide Program Number: 5796úPHL

| version = First Edition

| publisher = IBM

| date = September 1976

| url = http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/CMS/SH20-1857-0_SCRIPT_370_Version_3_Users_Guide_Sep76.pdf

| id = SH20-1857-0

| mode = cs2

}}

{{cite manual

| title = SCRIPT/370 Text Processing Facility Under Virtual Machine Facility/370 (VM/370) Systems Guide Program Number 5796-PAF

| publisher = IBM

| url = http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/CMS/LY20-0762-0_SCRIPT_370_Text_Processing_Facility_Systems_Guide_Nov72.pdf

| id = LY20-0762-0

| mode = cs2

}}

For compatibility, DCF also includes EasyScript. that implements a primitive version of GML. Tags are variables whose values have been set to control words, allowing multiple tags in a single line.

.ez on
&P.This is a paragraph.
&N1.First item
&N2.First subitem
&N2.Second subitem
&N1.Second item

is roughly equivalent to

This is a paragraph

1. First item
2. First subitem
3. Second subitem
4. Second item

The GML Starter Set (GMLSS){{cite manual

| title = IBM Document Composition Facility: Generalized Markup Language Starter Set User's Guide

| publisher = IBM

| id = SH20-9186-07

| date = January 1991

| edition = Eighth

| mode = cs2

}}

{{cite manual

| title = IBM Document Composition Facility: Generalized Markup Language Starter Set Reference

| publisher = IBM

| id = SH20-9187-06

| date = January 1991

| edition = Seventh

| mode = cs2

}}

is a set of macro definitions and profiles that implements{{cite manual

| title = Document Composition Facility Generalized Markup Language Implementation Guide

| id = SH35-0050-02

| date = March 1985

| edition = Third

| url = http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/DCF/SH35-0050-2_Document_Composition_Facility_Generalized_Markup_Language_Implementation_Guide_Rel_3_Mar85.pdf

| publisher = IBM

| mode = cs2

}}

a set of tags that has more of a semantic orientation than the raw Script/VS control words. Tags begin with a colon and end with a period, and may contain attributes between the name and the closing period; a line may contain multiple tags.

Bookmaster is an IBM product, "designed for high-volume in-house publishing applications", that extends the GML Starter Set of DCF. It consists of "a rich set of GML vocabulary for creating complex document layouts." Bookmaster runs under the z/VM and z/OS operating systems.

BookManager is a family of products for producing and reading online books. BookManager BUILD/MVS and BookManager BUILD/VM are layered on top of SCRIPT and BookMaster and can run on z/VM and z/OS.{{cite web|url=http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/zos/v1r13/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.ibm.zos.r13.bkma900%2Fw3bib.htm|year=2011|title=z/OS V1R10.0-V1R12.0 Library Server Getting Started|author=IBM Corporation|accessdate=2012-02-27}} Other BookManager BUILD products for generating text run on Linux, Windows or OS/2 and convert files produced by various word processors to BookManager format. BookManager Read products for viewing text run on a variety of systems. BookManager BookServer is a multi-platform system to "serve your electronic books to HTML browsers."{{cite web

| title = IBM BookManager BookServer for Windows V2.3, IBM BookManager BookServer for AIX and Linux V2.3, and IBM BookManager Build for Windows V2.3 Increases Ease of Use

| id = LTR 201-273

| year = 2001

| url = http://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/cgi-bin/ssialias?subtype=ca&infotype=an&appname=iSource&supplier=897&letternum=ENUS201-273

| work = Announcement Letters

| publisher = IBM Corporation

| accessdate = 2012-02-27

}}

BookManager electronic documents typically have filenames ending with the extension .BOO. IBM offers several no charge tools to work with and read BookManager documents including a reader/viewer called IBM Softcopy Reader.{{Cite web|date=2019-04-17|title=Downloadable free BookManager tools and components|url=https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/downloadable-free-bookmanager-tools-and-components|access-date=2021-10-04|website=www.ibm.com|language=en}} An independent developer, Ken Bowling, created and released software that uses IBM's BookManager code libraries to convert BookManager documents to PDF.{{Citation|last=Bowling|first=Kevin|title=boo2pdf|date=2020-12-17|url=https://github.com/kev009/boo2pdf|access-date=2021-10-04}}

• Markup language
• Typesetting
• Runoff
• Scribe (markup language)

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book|publisher=IBM Corporation|title=DCF: SCRIPT/VS Language Reference|year=1999|url=http://publibfp.dhe.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr/BOOKS/dsml7m00/CCONTENTS|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121209094755/http://publibfp.dhe.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr/BOOKS/dsml7m00/CCONTENTS|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 9, 2012}}SH35-0070-07
• {{cite book|publisher=IBM Corporation|title=DCF V1R4.0: SCRIPT/VS Text Programmer's Guide|year=1999|url=http://publibfp.dhe.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr/BOOKS/dsmp7m00/CCONTENTS|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121216085212/http://publibfp.dhe.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr/BOOKS/dsmp7m00/CCONTENTS|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 16, 2012}}SH35-0069-07
• [http://mit.edu/saltzer/www/publications/ctss/AH.9.01.html "CTSS PROGRAMMER'S GUIDE Section AH.9.01, 12/66"]

Category:IBM software

Category:Typesetting software

Category:Markup languages

Category:IBM mainframe software