SMART Health Card

{{Infobox project|name=SMART Health Card|type=Immunity passport|owner=SMART Health IT (Boston Children's Hospital)|country=United States|website=https://smarthealth.cards/en/|logo=File:SMART Health IT logo.png|founder=Kenneth Mandl, Isaac Kohane|established=2010}}

The SMART Health Card framework is an open source{{cite web |author1=The Commons Project |date=10 January 2022 |title=VCI Directory |url=https://github.com/the-commons-project/vci-directory |access-date=10 January 2022 |website=GitHub}} immunity passport program designed to store and share medical information in paper or digital form.{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://smarthealth.cards/en/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601174301/https://smarthealth.cards/en/ |archive-date=2023-06-01 |access-date=2023-12-26 |website=SMART Health Cards}} It was initially launched as a vaccine passport during the COVID-19 pandemic, but is envisioned for use for other infectious diseases.{{Cite web |date=2023-08-04 |title=SMART Health Cards: Vaccination & Testing Implementation Guide. |url=https://build.fhir.org/ig/HL7/fhir-shc-vaccination-ig/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927054948/http://build.fhir.org/ig/HL7/fhir-shc-vaccination-ig/ |archive-date=2023-09-27 |access-date=2023-12-26 |website=HL7 FHIR}} SMART Health Cards include a QR code which can be scanned and verified using the official SMART Health Card Verifier mobile app, supported by Apple and Android.{{Cite web |title=SMART Health Card Verifier |url=https://www.thecommonsproject.org/smart-health-card-verifier |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226195641/https://www.thecommonsproject.org/smart-health-card-verifier |archive-date=2023-12-26 |access-date=2023-12-26 |website=The Commons Project}}{{Cite web |date=2021-10-21 |title=Albertans can't yet use Canada's vaccine passport system for international travel |url=https://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/albertans-can-t-yet-use-canada-s-vaccine-passport-system-for-international-travel-1.5633644 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702173823/https://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/alberta-left-out-of-ottawa-s-approved-vaccine-passport-system-for-international-travel-1.5633644 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=CTV News Edmonton |language=en}} It was rolled out by the Vaccination Credential Initiative (VCI) based on technology developed at Boston Children's Hospital,{{Cite web |date=2021-08-06 |title=SMART Health Card Uses Technology Developed At Boston Children's Hospital |url=https://wbznewsradio.iheart.com/content/smart-health-card-uses-technology-developed-at-boston-childrens-hospital/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230601203449/https://wbznewsradio.iheart.com/content/smart-health-card-uses-technology-developed-at-boston-childrens-hospital/ |archive-date=2023-06-01 |access-date=2023-12-26 |website=WBZ NewsRadio 1030 |language=en}} and standards set by Health Level Seven International (HL7) and the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).{{Cite web |title=About |url=https://vci.org/about |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520164429/https://vci.org/about |archive-date=2023-05-20 |access-date=2023-12-26 |website=Vaccination Credential Initiative}} It is recognized by the International Organization for Standardization.{{Cite web |date=2021-10-21 |title=Albertans can't yet use Canada's vaccine passport system for international travel |url=https://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/albertans-can-t-yet-use-canada-s-vaccine-passport-system-for-international-travel-1.5633644 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702173823/https://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/alberta-left-out-of-ottawa-s-approved-vaccine-passport-system-for-international-travel-1.5633644 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=CTV News Edmonton |language=en}}

History

= Founding =

In February 2009, United States president Barack Obama signed an economic stimulus package which included $19 billion in funds for investment in health information technology. The following month, researchers from Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Kenneth Mandl and Isaac Kohane, published an article in The New England Journal of Medicine calling for the modernization of electronic health records through API integrations on mobile devices.{{Cite journal |last1=Mandl |first1=Kenneth D. |last2=Kohane |first2=Isaac S. |date=2009-03-26 |title=No Small Change for the Health Information Economy |url=http://www.nejm.org/doi/abs/10.1056/NEJMp0900411 |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |language=en |volume=360 |issue=13 |pages=1278–1281 |doi=10.1056/NEJMp0900411 |pmid=19321867 |issn=0028-4793}} In April 2010, the pair secured a $15 million grant through the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology's Strategic Health IT Advanced Research Projects (SHARP) program.{{Cite web |date=2019-10-29 |title=About SMART |url=https://smarthealthit.org/about-smart-2/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225203433/https://smarthealthit.org/about-smart-2/ |archive-date=2023-12-25 |access-date=2023-12-26 |website=SMART Health IT |language=en-US}} With this federal funding, the researchers began development of an interoperable healthcare IT platform they called "Substitutable Medical Applications and Reusable Technologies" (SMART). The first iteration of the platform API was previewed later that year,{{Cite web |date=2013-11-15 |title=SMART, FHIR, and a Plan for Achieving Healthcare IT Interoperability |url=https://smarthealthit.org/2013/11/smart-fhir-and-a-plan-for-achieving-healthcare-it-interoperability/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401213035/https://smarthealthit.org/2013/11/smart-fhir-and-a-plan-for-achieving-healthcare-it-interoperability/ |archive-date=2023-04-01 |access-date=2023-12-26 |website=SMART Health IT |language=en-US}} and "SMART Classic" was released in 2011.{{Cite journal |last1=Mandel |first1=Joshua C |last2=Kreda |first2=David A |last3=Mandl |first3=Kenneth D |last4=Kohane |first4=Isaac S |last5=Ramoni |first5=Rachel B |date=2016-09-01 |title=SMART on FHIR: a standards-based, interoperable apps platform for electronic health records |url=https://academic.oup.com/jamia/article/23/5/899/2379865 |journal=Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association |language=en |volume=23 |issue=5 |pages=899–908 |doi=10.1093/jamia/ocv189 |issn=1527-974X |pmc=4997036 |pmid=26911829 |via=PubMed}}

In 2013, SMART adopted the open-source Fast Health Interoperability Resources (FHIR) standard developed by Health Level Seven International (HL7). The newly named SMART on FHIR platform was debuted in February 2014 at the Health Information Management Systems Society conference.

= 21st Century Cures Act =

According to SMART Health IT, Mandl successfully lobbied for the inclusion of a universal API requirement in the 21st Century Cures Act, signed into law on December 13, 2016.{{Cite web |last1=Mandl |first1=Kenneth D. |last2=Kohane |first2=Isaac S. |date=2019-10-03 |title=Data standards may be wonky, but they will transform health care |url=https://www.statnews.com/2019/10/03/data-standards-wonky-transform-health-care/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230529222548/https://www.statnews.com/2019/10/03/data-standards-wonky-transform-health-care/ |archive-date=2023-05-29 |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=STAT News |language=en-US}} The team also advocated for a federal rule establishing SMART as the universal API.{{Cite web |last1=Mandl |first1=Kenneth D. |last2=Gottlieb |first2=Dan |last3=Mandel |first3=Josh C. |date=2018-10-16 |title=Ensuring that the 21st Century Cures Act Health IT Provisions Promotes Interoperability and Data Exchange |url=https://thehealthcareblog.com/blog/2018/10/16/ensuring-that-the-21st-century-cures-act-health-it-provisions-promote-interoperability-and-data-exchange/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922184014/https://thehealthcareblog.com/blog/2018/10/16/ensuring-that-the-21st-century-cures-act-health-it-provisions-promote-interoperability-and-data-exchange/ |archive-date=2023-09-22 |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=The Health Care Blog |language=en-US}} In 2019, the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology published the "final rule" specifying the SMART framework as the standard to satisfy the requirements of the 21st Century Cures Act; the rule was implemented in June 2020.{{Cite web |date=2020-05-01 |title=21st Century Cures Act: Interoperability, Information Blocking, and the ONC Health IT Certification Program |url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/05/01/2020-07419/21st-century-cures-act-interoperability-information-blocking-and-the-onc-health-it-certification |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230609173312/https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/05/01/2020-07419/21st-century-cures-act-interoperability-information-blocking-and-the-onc-health-it-certification |archive-date=2023-06-09 |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=Federal Register |publisher=United States Department of Health and Human Services}}

= COVID-19 =

The SMART Health Card framework was deployed as a "de facto standard" for vaccine passports in the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States and other international jurisdictions.{{Cite web |date=2021-08-05 |title=Excelsior Pass Plus to be recognized out of state, internationally |url=https://www.wgrz.com/article/news/local/excelsior-pass-plus-to-be-recognized-out-of-state-internationally/71-434f8c6f-cbac-4d61-a732-ac0e0769efa3 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230531222250/https://www.wgrz.com/article/news/local/excelsior-pass-plus-to-be-recognized-out-of-state-internationally/71-434f8c6f-cbac-4d61-a732-ac0e0769efa3 |archive-date=2023-05-31 |access-date=2023-12-26 |website=WGRZ |language=en-US}} On January 14, 2021, the Mitre Corporation announced the launch of a new public–private partnership called the Vaccination Credential Initiative (VCI) alongside the CARIN Alliance, Cerner, Change Healthcare, The Commons Project Foundation, Epic Systems, Evernorth, Mayo Clinic, Microsoft, Oracle, Safe Health, and Salesforce.{{Cite web |date=2021-01-14 |title=Broad Coalition of Health and Technology Industry Leaders Announce Vaccination Credential Initiative to Accelerate Digital Access to COVID-19 Vaccination Records |url=https://www.mitre.org/news-insights/news-release/broad-coalition-health-and-technology-industry-leaders-announce |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926085820/https://www.mitre.org/news-insights/news-release/broad-coalition-health-and-technology-industry-leaders-announce |archive-date=2022-09-26 |website=Mitre Corporation}} VCI's purpose was to employ the SMART Health Card framework in order to create a unified proof-of-vaccination system for COVID-19 vaccines.{{Cite web |last=Landi |first=Heather |date=2021-01-14 |title=Microsoft, Epic, Mayo Clinic join effort to accelerate digital COVID-19 vaccine records |url=https://www.fiercehealthcare.com/tech/microsoft-epic-and-mayo-clinic-join-effort-to-accelerate-digital-covid-19-vaccine-records |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922141943/https://www.fiercehealthcare.com/tech/microsoft-epic-and-mayo-clinic-join-effort-to-accelerate-digital-covid-19-vaccine-records |archive-date=2023-09-22 |website=Fierce Healthcare}}File:Federal proof of vaccination example British Columbia.pngThe California Department of Public Health introduced a Digital Covid-19 Vaccine Record portal in June 2021, allowing individuals to verify their vaccination status using the SMART Health Card reader.{{Cite web |last=Collier |first=Kevin |date=2021-06-18 |title=California rolls out digital vaccine verification — but don't call it a passport |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/california-rolls-digital-vaccine-verification-dont-call-passport-rcna1224 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225000805/https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/california-rolls-digital-vaccine-verification-dont-call-passport-rcna1224 |archive-date=2023-02-25 |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=NBC News |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=Digital Vaccine Record portal |url=https://myvaccinerecord.cdph.ca.gov/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225190407mp_/https://myvaccinerecord.cdph.ca.gov/faq |archive-date=2023-02-25 |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=State of California |language=en}}

On August 5, 2021, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo announced the introduction of the "Excelsior Pass Plus" which would expand its Excelsior Pass program into other states and internationally by connecting it to the SMART Health Card system.{{Cite web |date=2021-08-05 |title=Governor Cuomo Announces Launch of Excelsior Pass Plus to Support the Safe, Secure Return of Tourism and Business Travel |url=https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-announces-launch-excelsior-pass-plus-support-safe-secure-return-tourism-and |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210813172133/https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-announces-launch-excelsior-pass-plus-support-safe-secure-return-tourism-and |archive-date=2021-08-13 |access-date=2023-12-26 |website=Governor of New York |language=en}} As of August 27, 2021, 415,000 citizens of Louisiana had added their COVID-19 vaccination status to their state-run, SMART Health Card enabled LA Wallet.{{Cite web |date=2021-08-27 |title=COVID-19 Information |url=https://lawallet.com/covid19/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603033203/https://lawallet.com/covid19/ |archive-date=2023-06-03 |website=LA Wallet}} On September 8, 2021, Hawaii governor David Ige announced the rollout of the state's Hawaiʻi SMART Health Card.{{Cite web |date=2021-09-08 |title=Office of the Governor News Release: State Launches Hawai'i SMART Health Card for Digital Vaccination Certificate |url=https://governor.hawaii.gov/newsroom/office-of-the-governor-news-release-state-launches-hawaii-smart-health-card-for-digital-vaccination-verification/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210909040534/https://governor.hawaii.gov/newsroom/office-of-the-governor-news-release-state-launches-hawaii-smart-health-card-for-digital-vaccination-verification/ |archive-date=2021-09-09 |website=Governor of Hawaii}}{{Cite web |last=Kelleher |first=Suzanne Rowan |date=2021-09-11 |title=How To Get Digital Proof Of Your Vaccine Record — No Matter Where You Live |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/suzannerowankelleher/2021/09/11/digital-proof-of-vaccine-record-usa/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210911101743/https://www.forbes.com/sites/suzannerowankelleher/2021/09/11/digital-proof-of-vaccine-record-usa/?sh=267d17b55c47 |archive-date=2021-09-11 |access-date=2023-12-29 |website=Forbes |language=en}} County-level health departments across the United States partnered with VaccineCheck to issue SMART Health Cards by verifying vaccine cards provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.{{Cite web |title=Partners |url=https://vaccinecheck.us/partners/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210911095020/https://vaccinecheck.us/partners/ |archive-date=2021-09-11 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=VaccineCheck |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last=Mahmud |first=Aqil Haziq |date=2021-11-12 |title=Singaporeans hoping to return from US on VTL face challenges getting proof of COVID-19 jabs |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/us-vtl-singapore-vaccine-smart-health-card-2306361 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231191932/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/us-vtl-singapore-vaccine-smart-health-card-2306361 |archive-date=2023-12-31 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=Channel News Asia |language=en}}

The Government of Canada spent CAD$4.6 million to develop a proof-of-vaccination credential on the SMART Health Card framework, enabling its ArriveCAN travel application to store, recognize and verify credentials from every province, territory and foreign country.{{Cite web |date=2022-10-24 |title=ArriveCAN costs |url=https://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/agency-agence/reports-rapports/fs-ef/2022/acc-cac-eng.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230615231015/https://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/agency-agence/reports-rapports/fs-ef/2022/acc-cac-eng.html |archive-date=2023-06-15 |access-date=2023-12-29 |website=Canada Border Services Agency}}{{Cite web |date=2021-10-21 |title=Using Canada’s COVID-19 proof of vaccination for travel |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/news/2021/10/canadian-covid-19-proof-vaccination.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021135210/https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/news/2021/10/canadian-covid-19-proof-vaccination.html |archive-date=2021-10-21 |access-date=2024-04-27 |website=Government of Canada |publisher=Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada}} Since October 2021,{{Cite news |last=Osman |first=Laura |date=2021-10-21 |title=Feds, provinces agree on vaccine passport for domestic, international travel: PM |work=CP24 |agency=The Canadian Press |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/feds-provinces-agree-on-vaccine-passport-for-domestic-international-travel-pm-1.5632766 |access-date=2022-01-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231229175534/https://www.cp24.com/news/feds-provinces-agree-on-vaccine-passport-for-domestic-international-travel-pm-1.5632766 |archive-date=2023-12-29}} Canadian provinces and territories used the SMART Health Card format as a requirement by the federal government, including British Columbia,{{Cite web |date=2021-12-24 |title=Proof of vaccination |url=https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/covid-19/vaccine/proof |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220125191946/https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/covid-19/vaccine/proof |archive-date=2022-01-25 |access-date=2023-12-28 |website=BC Ministry of Health}} Newfoundland and Labrador, the Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario,{{Cite web |date=2021-10-29 |title=Apple Wallet Update Now Compatible with Ontario Vaccine Certificate |url=https://news.ontario.ca/en/release/1001080/apple-wallet-update-now-compatible-with-ontario-vaccine-certificate |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228215044/https://news.ontario.ca/en/release/1001080/apple-wallet-update-now-compatible-with-ontario-vaccine-certificate |archive-date=2023-12-28 |access-date=2023-12-28 |website=Ontario Newsroom}} Quebec, Saskatchewan{{Cite web |title=Accessing your COVID-19 Vaccination Record with QR Code from your mobile device |url=https://www.ehealthsask.ca/MySaskHealthRecord/MySaskHealthRecord/Pages/QRCodeC19Mobile.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228214444/https://www.ehealthsask.ca/MySaskHealthRecord/MySaskHealthRecord/Pages/QRCodeC19Mobile.aspx |archive-date=2023-12-28 |access-date=2023-12-28 |website=eHealth Saskatchewan}} and the Yukon.{{Cite web |date=2021-11-17 |title=Sample proof of vaccination credential |url=https://yukon.ca/sites/yukon.ca/files/hss/hss-imgs/hss-sample-credential.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230615224827/https://yukon.ca/sites/yukon.ca/files/hss/hss-imgs/hss-sample-credential.pdf |archive-date=2023-06-15 |website=Government of Yukon}}

On October 13, 2021, the American Immunization Registry Association (AIRA) published a statement encouraging adoption of SMART Health Cards as a common standard "where allowed by local law and policy."{{Cite web |date=2021-10-13 |title=AIRA, IIS and VCI/Smart Health Cards Support |url=https://repository.immregistries.org/files/resources/616f2c8063257/aira_statement_of_support_smart_health_cards_final.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231023156/https://repository.immregistries.org/files/resources/616f2c8063257/aira_statement_of_support_smart_health_cards_final.pdf |archive-date=2023-12-31 |website=American Immunization Registry Association}} "SMARTHealth.Cards" was listed as a supporting member of AIRA through the VCI.{{Cite web |title=Our Members |url=https://www.immregistries.org/aira-members |url-status=deviated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331065738/https://www.immregistries.org/aira-members |archive-date=2023-03-31 |access-date=2024-04-29 |website=American Immunization Registry Association}}

A SMART Health Cards Global Forum was held on October 28, 2021.{{Cite web |title=Events |url=https://vci.org/events |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231229174528/https://vci.org/events |archive-date=2023-12-29 |website=Vaccination Credential Initiative}} The event featured keynote speakers Andy Slavitt (former Senior Pandemic Advisor to President Joe Biden’s COVID-19 pandemic response team) and Mike Leavitt (former United States Secretary of Health and Human Services).{{Cite web |date=2021-10-13 |title=Meeting Notes: Health Information Technology Advisory Committee (HITAC) |url=https://www.healthit.gov/sites/default/files/facas/2021-10-13_HITAC_Meeting_Notes_508.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231022153/https://www.healthit.gov/sites/default/files/facas/2021-10-13_HITAC_Meeting_Notes_508.pdf |archive-date=2023-12-31 |website=Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology}}{{Cite web |last=Kelleher |first=Suzanne Rowan |date=2021-11-15 |title=How To Get Digital Proof Of Vaccination—And Why You're Going To Need It More Often |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/suzannerowankelleher/2021/11/15/digital-proof-of-vaccination-testing-smart-health-card-bindle/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220106032551/https://www.forbes.com/sites/suzannerowankelleher/2021/11/15/digital-proof-of-vaccination-testing-smart-health-card-bindle/?sh=4ec15aa37fc9 |archive-date=2022-01-06 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=Forbes |language=en}}

On December 20, 2021, Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare launched its COVID-19 Vaccination Certificate Application using the SMART Health Card.{{Cite web |last=Takahara |first=Kanako |date=2021-12-20 |title=Japan has released its digital vaccine passport. Here's what you need to know. |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/12/20/national/japan-digital-vaccine-passport-app-explainer/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221226045609/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/12/20/national/japan-digital-vaccine-passport-app-explainer/ |archive-date=2022-12-26 |access-date=2023-12-29 |website=The Japan Times |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=COVID-19 vaccination certificate |url=https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/covid-19/certificate.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231229183659/https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/covid-19/certificate.html |archive-date=2023-12-29 |access-date=2023-12-29 |website=Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare |language=ja, en}}

By January 2022, about 80% of Americans who had received a COVID-19 vaccine had access to a SMART Health Card through their state governments, local businesses, universities and healthcare systems.{{Cite web |last=Ingram |first=David |date=2022-01-13 |title=Quietly and over some objections, a national digital vaccine card has emerged |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/national-covid-vaccine-card-quietly-emerged-rcna11678 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328225839/https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/national-covid-vaccine-card-quietly-emerged-rcna11678 |archive-date=2023-03-28 |access-date=2023-12-29 |website=NBC News |language=en}}

Participants

= Developers =

SMART Health IT is based out of the Computational Health Informatics Program (CHIP) at the Boston Children's Hospital. CHIP's related projects include Apache cTAKES, Genomic Information Commons, HealthMap, and VaccineFinder.{{Cite web |title=About CHIP |url=https://www.chip.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602221115/https://www.chip.org/ |archive-date=2023-06-02 |website=Computational Health Informatics Program}}

The SMART Health Card's project sponsor is HL7 International's Public Health Work Group,{{Cite web |last=Denning |first=Paul |date=2021-11-24 |title=SMART Health Cards - Vaccination and Testing IG Project Page |url=https://confluence.hl7.org/display/PHWG/SMART+Health+Cards+-+Vaccination+and+Testing+IG+Project+Page |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231226223754/https://confluence.hl7.org/display/PHWG/SMART+Health+Cards+-+Vaccination+and+Testing+IG+Project+Page |archive-date=2023-12-26 |access-date=2023-12-26 |website=Health Level Seven International}} consisting of representatives from Allscripts, the Altarum Institute, Tennessee Department of Health and Washington State Department of Health.{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=David |date=2023-04-13 |title=Public Health Work Group |url=https://confluence.hl7.org/display/PHWG/Public%2BHealth%2BWork%2BGroup |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230602004557/https://confluence.hl7.org/display/PHWG/Public+Health+Work+Group |archive-date=2023-06-02 |website=Health Level Seven International}}

= Issuers =

Official registries of authorized SMART Health Card issuers are maintained by SMART Health IT, the Vaccination Credential Initiative, and the CommonTrust Network. Authorized issuers include:{{Cite web |title=Issuers |url=https://vci.org/issuers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601174306/https://vci.org/issuers |archive-date=2023-06-01 |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=Vaccination Credential Initiative}}{{Cite web |title=SMART Health Issuers |url=https://smarthealth.cards/en/issuers.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601235043/https://smarthealth.cards/en/issuers.html |archive-date=2023-06-01 |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=SMART Health Cards}}{{Cite web |title=SMART Health Card Registry |url=https://www.commontrustnetwork.org/verifier-list |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230619034409/https://www.commontrustnetwork.org/verifier-list |archive-date=2023-06-19 |access-date=2023-12-28 |website=CommonTrust Network |language=en-US}}

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