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SM U-46

{{Short description|German and Japanese submarine}}

{{other ships|German submarine U-46}}

{{Infobox ship begin}}

{{Infobox ship image

|Ship image=

|Ship caption=

}}

{{Infobox ship career

|Hide header=

|Ship country=German Empire

|Ship flag={{Shipboxflag|German Empire|naval}}

|Ship name=U-46

|Ship ordered=4 August 1914

|Ship awarded=

|Ship builder=Kaiserliche Werft, Danzig

|Ship yard number=24

|Ship laid down=

|Ship launched=18 May 1915

|Ship christened=

|Ship acquired=

|Ship commissioned=17 December 1915

|Ship recommissioned=

|Ship decommissioned=

|Ship in service=

|Ship out of service=

|Ship renamed=

|Ship reclassified=

|Ship refit=

|Ship captured=

|Ship struck=

|Ship reinstated=

|Ship fate= Surrendered to Japan 26 November 1918

|Ship homeport=

}}

{{Infobox ship career

|Hide header=title

|Ship country=Japanese Empire

|Ship flag={{Shipboxflag|Empire of Japan|naval}}

|Ship name=O-2

|Ship acquired=26 November 1918

|Ship commissioned=1920

|Ship recommissioned=

|Ship decommissioned=1921

|Ship in service=

|Ship out of service=

|Ship renamed=

|Ship reclassified=

|Ship refit=

|Ship captured=

|Ship struck=

|Ship reinstated=

|Ship fate=*Possibly scrapped 1922;

  • Possibly foundered on 21 April 1925 or
  • Scuttled on or after 5 August 1927

|Ship homeport=

}}

{{Infobox ship characteristics

|Hide header=

|Header caption={{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=8-10}}

|Ship class=Type U-43 submarine

|Ship displacement=*{{convert|725|t|LT|abbr=on|lk=on}} surfaced

  • {{convert|940|t|LT|abbr=on}} submerged

|Ship length={{convert|65.00|m|ftin|abbr=on}} (o/a)

|Ship beam=*{{convert|6.20|m|ftin|abbr=on}} (oa)

  • {{convert|4.18|m|ftin|abbr=on}} (pressure hull)

|Ship height={{convert|9.00|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

|Ship draught={{convert|3.74|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

|Ship power=*2 × {{convert|2000|PS|kW shp|abbr=on|lk=on|0}} surfaced

  • 2 × {{convert|1200|PS|kW shp|abbr=on|0}} submerged

|Ship propulsion=2 shafts

|Ship speed=*{{convert|15.2|kn|lk=in}} surfaced

  • {{convert|9.7|kn}} submerged

|Ship range=*{{convert|11400|nmi|abbr=on|lk=in}} at {{convert|8|kn}} surfaced

  • {{convert|51|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|5|kn}} submerged

|Ship test depth={{convert|50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

|Ship complement=36

|Ship armament=*4 × {{convert|50|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (two bow, two stern)

|Ship notes=

}}

{{Infobox service record

|is_ship=yes

|label=Service record{{cite Uboat.net

|id=46.htm

|name=U 46

|type=1sub

|accessdate=2 December 2014

}}

|partof=*III Flotilla

  • 29 March 1916 – 11 November 1918

|commanders =*Kptlt. Leo Hillebrand

  • 17 December 1915 - 6 December 1917
  • Kptlt. Alfred Saalwächter
  • 7 December 1916 – 15 January 1917
  • Kptlt. Leo Hillebrand
  • 16 January – 11 November 1918

|operations=11 patrols

|victories =*51 merchant ships sunk
({{GRT|138,942}})

  • 1 auxiliary warship sunk
    ({{GRT|1,372}})
  • 1 merchant ship damaged
    ({{GRT|7,378}})

}}

SM U-46 was one of the 329 submarines serving in the Imperial German Navy in World War I. U-46 was engaged in the combat during World War I and took part in the First Battle of the Atlantic. After the war, she served in the Imperial Japanese Navy as O-2.

Imperial German Navy

Ordered on 4 August 1914, U-46 was constructed at the Kaiserliche Werft in Danzig, Germany. Launched on 18 May 1915, she was commissioned on 17 December 1915.{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/wwi/boats/index.html?boat=46 |title=U 46|publisher=Uboat.net |accessdate=20 August 2016}}

Assigned to the III Flotilla, U-46 began her first war patrol on 29 March 1916. Remaining in the III Flotilla for the rest of the war, she conducted a total of 11 war patrols before the war ended on 11 November 1918 and was credited with sinking 51 merchant ships totaling 138,942 gross register tons and one auxiliary warship of 1,372 gross register tons and damaging one merchant ship of 7,378 gross register tons.

After the end of the war, she surrendered to Japan on 26 November 1918.

=Summary of raiding history=

class="wikitable sortable"
width="140px"|Date

! width="160px"|Name

! width="160px"|Nationality

! width="25px" |TonnageMerchant ship tonnages are in gross register tons. Military vessels are listed by tons displacement.

! width="120px" |Fate{{cite Uboat.net

|id=u46

|name=U 46

|type=1boat

|accessdate=2 December 2014

}}

align="right"|29 September 1916

|align="left" |Ravn

|align="left" |{{flag|Norway}}

|align="right"|1,260

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|29 September 1916

|align="left" |Sinsen

|align="left" |{{flag|Norway}}

|align="right"|1,925

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|30 September 1916

|align="left" |Hafnia

|align="left" |{{flag|Norway}}

|align="right"|962

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|30 September 1916

|align="left" |Hekla

|align="left" |{{flag|Norway}}

|align="right"|950

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|4 October 1916

|align="left" |Brantingham

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|2,617

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|6 October 1916

|align="left" |Erika

|align="left" |{{flag|Russian Empire}}

|align="right"|2,430

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|9 October 1916

|align="left" |Astoria

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|4,262

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|11 October 1916

|align="left" |Iolo

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|3,903

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|16 December 1916

|align="left" |Chassie Maersk

|align="left" |{{flag|Denmark}}

|align="right"|1,387

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|16 December 1916

|align="left" |Taki Maru

|align="left" |{{flag|Japan}}

|align="right"|3,208

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|16 December 1916

|align="left" |Gerda

|align="left" |{{flag|Denmark}}

|align="right"|775

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|17 December 1916

|align="left" |Bayhall

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|3,898

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|19 December 1916

|align="left" |Falk

|align="left" |{{flag|Norway}}

|align="right"|948

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|23 December 1916

|align="left" |Marques De Urquijo

|align="left" |{{flag|Spain}}

|align="right"|2,170

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|25 December 1916

|align="left" |Marie Pierre

|align="left" |{{flag|France}}

|align="right"|166

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|27 December 1916

|align="left" |Aislaby

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|2,692

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|27 December 1916

|align="left" |Goulfar

|align="left" |{{flag|France}}

|align="right"|259

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|21 March 1917

|align="left" |Hindustan

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|3,692

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|23 March 1917

|align="left" |Argo

|align="left" |{{flag|Portugal}}

|align="right"|1,563

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|24 March 1917

|align="left" |Montreal

|align="left" |{{flag|France}}

|align="right"|3,342

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|1 April 1917

|align="left" |{{SS|Aztec

2}}

|align="left" |{{flag|United States|1912}}

|align="right"|3,727

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|3 April 1917

|align="left" |Hesperus

|align="left" |{{flag|Russian Empire}}

|align="right"|2,231

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|5 April 1917

|align="left" |Benheather

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|4,701

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|7 April 1917

|align="left" |Fiskaa

|align="left" |{{flag|Norway}}

|align="right"|1,700

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|15 May 1917

|align="left" |Grosholm

|align="left" |{{flag|Norway}}

|align="right"|1,847

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|17 May 1917

|align="left" |Lewisham

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|2,810

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|18 May 1917

|align="left" |Llandrindod

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|3,841

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|18 May 1917

|align="left" |Penhale

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|3,712

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|20 May 1917

|align="left" |{{HMS|Paxton}}{{cite web |url=http://www.ataleofonecity.portsmouth.gov.uk/firstworldwar/richard-tallack/ |title=Richard Tallack |work=A Tale of one City |accessdate=24 May 2015 |archive-date=5 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305100319/http://www.ataleofonecity.portsmouth.gov.uk/firstworldwar/richard-tallack/ |url-status=dead }}

|align="left" |{{navy|United Kingdom}}

|align="right"|1,372

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|22 May 1917

|align="left" |Tansan Maru

|align="left" |{{flag|Japan}}

|align="right"|2,443

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|24 May 1917

|align="left" |Jersey City

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|4,670

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|24 July 1917

|align="left" |Brumaire

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|2,324

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|24 July 1917

|align="left" |Zermatt

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|3,767

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|25 July 1917

|align="left" |Peninsula

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|1,384

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|25 July 1917

|align="left" |Purley

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|4,500

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|27 July 1917

|align="left" |Begona No. 4

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|2,407

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|31 July 1917

|align="left" |Shimosa

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|4,221

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|22 October 1917

|align="left" |Zillah

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|3,788

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|24 October 1917

|align="left" |Ilderton

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|3,125

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|28 October 1917

|align="left" |Baron Balfour

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|3,991

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|4 November 1917

|align="left" |Irina

|align="left" |{{flag|Russian Empire}}

|align="right"|2,210

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|7 November 1917

|align="left" |Obj

|align="left" |{{flag|Norway}}

|align="right"|1,829

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|27 January 1918

|align="left" |{{RMS|Andania|1913|2}}

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|government}}

|align="right"|13,405

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|31 January 1918

|align="left" |Towneley

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|2,476

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|1 February 1918

|align="left" |Cavallo

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|2,086

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|3 February 1918

|align="left" |Lutece

|align="left" |{{flag|France}}

|align="right"|1,346

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|5 February 1918

|align="left" |Cresswell

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|2,829

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|13 March 1918

|align="left" |Crayford

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|1,209

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|18 March 1918

|align="left" |Atlantic Sun

|align="left" |{{flag|United States|1912}}

|align="right"|2,333

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|30 March 1918

|align="left" |Stabil

|align="left" |{{flag|Norway}}

|align="right"|538

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|25 May 1918

|align="left" |Rathlin Head

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|7,378

|align="left" |Damaged

align="right"|16 September 1918

|align="left" |Tasman

|align="left" |{{flag|United Kingdom|civil}}

|align="right"|5,023

|align="left" |Sunk

align="right"|25 September 1918

|align="left" |Gloire a Jesus

|align="left" |{{flag|France}}

|align="right"|60

|align="left" |Sunk

Imperial Japanese Navy

Transferred to Japan after surrendering, the submarine was commissioned into the Imperial Japanese Navy in 1920 as O-2. Decommissioned in 1921, she was partly dismantled at the Kure Naval Arsenal in April 1921.

A photo of U-46 apparently at the time of transfer to Japan shows the submarine docked and flying the flag of the Imperial Japanese Navy over the flag of the Imperial German Navy.{{cite web|title=Photo of U-46 at the time of transfer to the Imperial Japanese Navy|url=http://www.iwm.org.uk/history/the-u-boat-campaign-that-almost-broke-britain#&gid=1&pid=1|website=Imperial War Museums (UK)|accessdate=1 August 2017}}

Some sources claim that O-2 was scrapped in 1922.Gardiner, p. 177Gröner, p. 9. Other sources claim that in 1925, O-2 was rebuilt at Yokosuka Naval Arsenal to serve as a testbed for submarine salvage operations by the submarine salvage ship Asahi and foundered in the Pacific Ocean in a storm off the coast of Japan during her transfer voyage from Yokosuka to Kure on 21 April 1925, adding that an American merchant ship sighted her derelict hulk floating in the Pacific west of Oahu, Hawaii, on 5 August 1927, and that the hulk subsequently was scuttled.

References

=Notes=

{{Reflist|group=Note}}

=Citations=

{{reflist}}

Bibliography

  • {{cite book

|last1=Gardiner

|first1=Robert

|year=1985

|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906-1921

|location=Annapolis, Maryland

|publisher=Naval Institute Press

|isbn=0-87021-907-3

}}

  • {{cite book

|last1=Gröner

|first1=Erich

|last2=Jung

|first2=Dieter

|last3=Maass

|first3=Martin

|translator-last1=Thomas

|translator-first1=Keith

|translator-last2=Magowan

|translator-first2=Rachel

|year=1991

|title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels

|volume=2

|series=German Warships 1815–1945

|location=London

|publisher=Conway Maritime Press

|isbn=0-85177-593-4

|ref=CITEREFGröner1991

}}

{{use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}

{{U-43 class submarines (Germany)}}

{{1925 shipwrecks}}

{{1927 shipwrecks}}

{{coord missing|Pacific Ocean}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:U0046}}

Category:World War I submarines of Germany

Category:1915 ships

Category:Ships built in Danzig

Category:U-boats commissioned in 1915

Category:Foreign submarines of the Imperial Japanese Navy

Category:Type U 43 submarines

Category:Maritime incidents in 1925

Category:Maritime incidents in 1927

Category:Shipwrecks in the Pacific Ocean

Category:Scuttled vessels